Blepharoneura regina, Giglio-Tos, 1893

Norrbom, Allen L. & Condon, Marty, 2010, Revision of the femoralis group of Blepharoneura Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2374, Zootaxa 2374 (1), pp. 1-139 : 134-136

The regina clade ( Fig. 219 ) includes B. chaconi , isolata , mexicana , mikenoltei , quetzali , regina , and variabilis . These species are so far known only from Mesoamerica ( Mexico to Costa Rica). Monophyly of this clade is supported mainly by the broad shallow medial apical concavity on the aculeus (char. 61.2) (assumes further change in this character in B. regina and variabilis and homoplasy in a few species of the nigriapex and rupta clades) and the reduced size of the lateral prensiseta (char. 65.1) (assumes homoplasy in B. bidigitata and hirsuta within the rupta clade). Relationships within the regina clade are not fully resolved, but two subclades are recognized. Blepharoneura quetzali and variabilis appear to be sister species, perhaps most closely related to B. isolata , for which genitalic characters remain unknown. Among the synapomorphies for these species are the presence of subapical hyaline wing bands in cells r4+5 and m (characters 33 and 38), and for B. quetzali and variabilis the nigriapex clade B. amplihyalina B. apaapa B. bipunctata B. hyalinella B. marshalli B. multipunctata B. nigriapex regina clade

B. chaconi

B. isolata

B. mexicana

B. mikenoltei

B. quetzali

B. regina

Figures

FIGURE 219. Relationships among clades of the femoralis group and among species within the regina clade. This and the clades in Figures 220–221 are the strict consensus of 72 trees resulting from analysis of the matrix in Table 2. Character state changes, excluding infraspecific variation, are plotted assuming slow optimization. Hollow hashmarks represent homoplasious character state changes.