Parena (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, 1860

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina), Zootaxa 5286 (1), pp. 1-144 : 86-89

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F9834684-24D3-4795-B5EB-77B451DF856D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963769
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03877623-6213-FFBB-2DEF-B2ECFBCB5C1B
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Parena (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, 1860
status

Treatment

[24] Parena (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, 1860 View in CoL

Habitus: Figs 50A, 50B, 50C View FIGURE 50 . Male genitalia: Fig. 51 View FIGURE 51 . Gonocoxites of ovipositor: Fig. 11K View FIGURE 11 .

Motschulsky, 1860: 31 (type locality: Java; syntype in ZMUM: Moscow State University , Moscow, Russia) ; Chaudoir, 1877: 207; Andrewes, 1928: 16; Xie & Yu, 1993: 190 (misidentification of Parena monticola View in CoL ); Kirschenhofer, 2006: 88.

Notes on types. This species was described from an unspecific number of specimens from Java. Andrewes (1928) examined the type and redescribed this species. We did not examine any type material, but Andrewes' ample redescription and our examined specimens from the type locality (Java) permit good recognization of this species .

Non-type material examined. Java: 1 male (MNHN), "Java, Radja Mendala, Ledru 1899", "Museum Paris, 1952, Coll. R. OBERthur" < Figs 50A View FIGURE 50 , 51B View FIGURE 51 >. 1 female (NNML), "Native Collectors", "Java; 1000 m, Soekapoera kolot. II-V. '99" . Sumatra: 1 female (MNHN), "Sumatra Medan, Env. de Dolok-Baros, 2e semestre 1905", "Museum Pares, Ex col. M. MAINdron, Coll. G. Babault, 1930". 1 female (MNHN), "Juillet", "Medan, Doloc Bans Esta te Sumatra, Collection le Moult ", "Museum Paris, 19, Guy Babault", "Museum Paris, ex coll., R. OBERthur, 1952". 1 female (MNHN), "Paggar Alam, Sumatra, J. Bouchard ", "Museum Paris, ex coll., R. OBERthur, 1952". 1 ex (CMB), "W-Sumatra, Payakumbuh , Harau-Valley, 1000 m, 9.- 29.10.1991, leg. A. Riedel ". 1 male (CRS), " INDONESIA, Sumatra, 20km N of Payakumbuh, Harau valley , h= 700 m, VI.2009 " < Figs 4A View FIGURE 4 , 50B View FIGURE 50 , 51A View FIGURE 51 >. 2 females (IZAS), "Indonesia, Mentawai Is. S. Siberut Island , 3-4.2005, 50-100 m " . Sulawesi: 1 male (MNHU), "42358", " Celebes " [yellow label], " spec. ". 1 female (MNHN), "Macassar, VI.96. Doherty.", "Museum Paris, ex coll., R. OBERthur, 1952" < Fig. 11K View FIGURE 11 >. The Philippines: 1 male (CRS), "Filippine, Samar, E. Visayas — Lope de Vega, III.2017 " < Fig. 50C View FIGURE 50 >. 1 male (CRS), "Filippine, Mindanao, Compostela Valley , Davao, I.2014 " < Fig. 51C View FIGURE 51 >.

Comparisons. This species is clearly most similar to P. rubripicta . The two are distinguished from all other species in the genus by the combination of the following two characters: (1) elytra metallic; (2) postgenae with a pair of suborbital setae. Some individuals are superficially similar to P. pendleburyi or P. monticola in general appearance but can be readily differentiated by the presence of suborbital setae.

Description. Body length 6.3–8.3 mm. Head and pronotum reddish yellow to dark brown; antenna reddish brown, antennomeres 5–11 same as basal four antennomeres or darker; elytra metallic green or bluish green, with copper lustre near apices in some specimens, elytra without red patch, interval 1 completely green, epipleura same color as abdomen; venter of head and prothorax same as dorsum, venter of mesothorax, metathorax and abdomen yellowish red or piceous; legs same color as pronotum, femora with apex darker in some specimens, metatibiae same color as abdomen. Postgenae with a pair of suborbital setae; antennae barely extended to pronotum base; labrum quadrate, apex very weakly protruded at middle; mentum with a pair of short median setae. Pronotum nearly quadrate, PW/PL = 1.26–1.41, nearly same width as head, PW/HW = 0.96–1.09; widest at anterior third, slightly rounded at anterior half, and then clearly sinuate before posterior angles; posterior angles widely obtuse. Elytra slightly dilated to apex, surface usually without or with very faint isodiametric microsculpture, with distinct microsculpture in a few specimens; striae very shallowly incised, with fine puncture rows; intervals weakly convex, very sparsely punctate; disc with shallow and large depressions near basal third of intervals 3 to 6. Males with biseriate adhesive setae on apical half of mesotarsomere 1, and most of length of mesotarsomeres 2 and 3. Apex of abdominal sternite VII weakly emarginate in males. Median lobe of aedeagus slightly slender (AL/AW = 4.7–5.2), gradually narrowed to apex, ventral margin nearly straight; right margin very weakly sinuate before apex in dorsal view; apical lamella wide and short, apex rounded, weakly bent upward in lateral view. Endophallus with primary sclerite linear, without flared basal expansion; apical flagellum ending before middle of median lobe; apical sclerite narrowly V-shaped, strongly chitinized, basal core distinct, elongate, right to the major part of apical sclerite; basal sheath large, well scaled; apical sheath large and coarsely scaled; squamate sac large and well divided, near middle of median lobe, dorsal to squamate sheath; proximal sac strongly chitinized at apex, forming a dentate semicircular piece; distal sac file-like, smaller than proximal sac, much closer to apex than proximal sac. Gonocoxite II of ovipositor nearly quadrate, same length as basal width, apex strongly concave, with three ensiform setae on inner apical angle, and two on outer apical angle.

Distribution ( Map 9 View MAP 9 , red). Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, The Philippines.

This species was recorded from China (Anhui) by Xie & Yu (1993). After examining the specimen, we found that their record was based on a misidentified specimen of P. monticola .

Geographical variation. This species is known from four regions of the Malay Archipelago. Specimens from different localities are different in the following aspects.

(1) Elytra color. Elytra are generally metallic green ( Fig. 50A View FIGURE 50 ) but slightly different in some specimens. For all examined specimens from the Philippines and a few from Sumatra, the elytra are bluish green ( Fig. 50C View FIGURE 50 ); for some other specimens from Sumatra, the elytra have bright copperish lustre near the apices ( Fig. 50B View FIGURE 50 ), giving them an appearance very similar to P. pendleburyi .

(2) Color of venter, including mesothorax, metathorax, abdomen, epipleura, and metatibiae. These parts are always in the same color in any one specimen. They are piceous in specimens from Java and Sumatra ( Fig. 50B View FIGURE 50 ), and red in those from Sulawesi and the Philippines ( Fig. 50C View FIGURE 50 ).

(3) Color of antennae. In most specimens, the antennae are completely reddish brown or apical the seven antennomeres slightly darker ( Fig. 50B View FIGURE 50 ). However, for the two examined specimens from the Philippines, antennae are distinctly bicolor with the basal four antennomeres reddish brown and apical seven black ( Fig. 50C View FIGURE 50 ).

(4) Elytra microsculpture. The elytra are without or with very faint isodiametric microsculpture in specimens from most localities, but distinctly present in one female from Makassar examined.