Parena (Parena) fulva, Shi & Liang, 2023

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2023, Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina), Zootaxa 5286 (1), pp. 1-144 : 124-126

[39] Parena (Parena) fulva sp. nov.

Habitus: Figs 73C, 73D . Male genitalia: Fig. 75 . Gonocoxites of ovipositor: Fig. 11U .

Type locality. Tanzania, Dodoma, S6.17, E35.74, 1120 m .

Type material. Holotype (MNHN, Fig. 73C ): male, body length= 9.2 mm, board mounted, " Dodoma, E. Afr. / H.L. Andrewes, 1918 ", " Crossoglossa / ferruginea / Chaud. / Alluaud, det. 19 30 ", "MUSEUM PARIS / Coll. Ch. ALLUAUD" [blue label], "HOLOTYPE / Parena (Parena) / fulva sp. nov. / des. Shi H.L. 2022" [red label] < Fig. 75A >. Paratypes (a total of 4 males, 3 females): Tanzania : 1 female (MNHN), " Dodoma, E. Afr. / H.L. Andrewes, 1918 "; "MUSEUM PARIS / Coll. Ch. ALLUAUD" [blue label] . 1 male (NHML), " Dodoma, E. Afr. / H.L. Andrewes, 1918 ", " Crossoglossa / ferruginea / Chaud. / Alluaud. det. 1924", "H.E. Andrewes Coll. / B.M. 1945-97." . 2 males (NHML), " Dodoma, E. Afr. / H.L. Andrewes, 1918 ", " H.E. Andrewes Coll. / B.M. 1945-97.". Zimbabwe : 1 female (CSF), "ZIMBABWE-S / BUBI env. / Bubi river / lgt. S. Bečvář 8.xii.1998 "; " Parena / ferruginea / CHD. / Det. Facchini " < Fig. 73D >. 1 female (NHML), " S. Rhodesia: / Victoria Falls . / December 1915 / R. Lowe Thompson ", "Pres. By / Imp. Bur. Ent. / Brit. Mus. / 1925-184.", " Metallica /? sp. nov. ", " Parena / ferruginea Chaud / E.B. Britton. / det. 6.3. 193 6 " < Fig. 11U >. 1 male (NHML), " Rhodesia / Salisbury / ja. O'herl / 1920.143 ", " Empanduri /13.1.19", "Pres. by / Imp. Bur. Ent.", " Crossoglossa / ferruginea, Chd. / DET. FR. DESCR. / G.A.K. MARSHALL." < Fig. 75B >.

Diagnostic characters. Dorsum yellowish brown, elytra without pattern; antennae with basal three antennomeres yellow, apical half of fourth and remaining tarsomeres black; tarsi black; postgenae with a pair of suborbital setae; pronotum with lateral margins nearly straight before posterior angles; elytra discal depression indistinct; median lobe of aedeagus very stout; apical lamella thick and coniform.

Comparisons. P. fulva sp. n. is different from most African species in having suborbital setae. Compared with the two other African species with suborbital setae, the new species can be readily distinguished in having the dorsum with paler color, antennae distinctly bicolored, elytra without discal depressions, and pronotum with lateral margins nearly straight before posterior angles. From the original labels, we found that several specimens of this new species were misidentified as P. ferruginea . However, P. fulva sp. n. is different from the latter species in having suborbital setae present and the pronotum wider and with lateral margins only faintly sinuate before posterior angles. In several important features, the "unicolor" form of P. fasciata distributed in the Oriental Realm is most similar to P. fulva sp. n., but the Oriental species differs in having antennae uniformly yellow and male genitalia much slenderer. The new species also differs from all other African species in having its male genitalia very stout (AL/AW = 3.7–3.9), resembling some species from the Oriental realm, such as P. latecincta .

Description. Body length 9.2–10.4 mm; body median-sized in the genus, subconvex. Color. Dorsum uniformly yellowish brown, head and pronotal disc slightly darker than elytra; apices of mandibles dark brown; antennae distinctly bicolor: antennomeres 1–3, and basal half of antennomere 4 yellowish brown, remainder of antennae nearly black; venter uniformly reddish brown; legs yellowish brown, tarsomeres dark brown. Head with sparse fine punctures on vertex; frons with shallow V-shaped depression; eyes large and strongly prominent; tempora very short, abruptly narrowed behind eyes, length of tempora plus neck-constriction approximately one-third of diameter of eye; postgenae with a pair of suborbital setae, slightly shorter than supraorbital ones. Antennae nearly extended to pronotal base. Labrum quadrate, apex weakly convex; mandibles short and wide; mentum with a pair of very short median setae, lateral lobes short and wide, inner margins strongly oblique, outer margins completely rounded, epilobes wide. Pronotum nearly quadrate, PW/PL = 1.46–1.56, slightly wider than head, PW/HW = 1.01–1.08, widest at anterior third, lateral explanations slightly wide; lateral margins rounded at anterior half and then gradually narrowed to base, straight before posterior angles; posterior angles obtuse, rounded at apex; anterior margin nearly straight at middle; posterior margin gradually oblique at sides; disc convex, usually with very fine punctures and transverse wrinkles. Elytra weakly convex, slightly dilated to apex, surface without microsculpture. Striae very shallowly incised, with rows of fine punctures; intervals faintly convex, with very sparse fine punctures. Disc without depressions, lateral sides weakly depressed near anterior third. Elytral basal pore present on base of stria 1; interval 3 with three discal setigerous pores: first one on level of scutellar apex, adjacent to stria 3; second one slightly before middle, adjacent to stria 3; third one on apical eighth, adjacent to stria 2; interval 9 with 24–26 umbilicular pores. Apical truncation indistinct, evenly rounded, outer angles completely rounded, sutural angles indistinct. Venter. Apex of abdominal sternite VII with two setae on each side in both sexes, straight in females, very weakly emarginate in males. Males with biseriate adhesive setae on full length of mesotarsomeres 2–3. Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus very stout (AL/AW = 3.7–3.9); in lateral view, ventral margin slightly swollen near middle, dorsal margin strongly expanded, apical lamella thick, coniform, very weakly bent to dorsum; in dorsal view, right margin weakly sinuate before apex, apical lamella narrow, LL equal to LW, slightly narrowed to apex, apex rounded. Endophallus with very large and thick flared basal expansion of primary sclerite; flagellum thick and short, extending slightly beyond middle of median lobe; apical sclerite widely V-shaped, weakly defined, basal core distinct, strongly extended forming a well-defined transverse scaled belt; basal sheath coarsely scaled, apical sheath finely scaled, smaller than basal sheath; squamate sac well divided, near middle of median lobe, dorsal to squamate sheath; proximal sac small and dorsal-ventrally compressed, distal sac larger than proximal sac. Female genitalia. Gonocoxite II of ovipositor nearly quadrate, slightly wider than length, apex nearly straight, weakly pointed near inner apical angle, with six ensiform setae on apical margin, two of them grouped on inner apical angle, other four equally arranged.

Distribution ( Map 12 , red). Tanzania, Zimbabwe.

Etymology. The scientific name " fulva " is derived from the Latin root " fulv- " meaning yellow. It refers to the uniformly reddish yellow dorsal color of the new species.

Figures

FIGURE 11. Gonocoxites (left side) of ovipositor for Parena spp., ventral side (dorsal side for fig. Q). A–J subgenus Bothynoptera: A P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp.n., Laos, paratype. B P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Shaanxi. C P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Guangdong. D P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. E P. (Bothynoptera) taiwana Hua, Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) tripunctata (Bates), Shaanxi. G P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes), Taiwan. H P. (Bothynoptera) quadrisignata Mateu, Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) emarginata sp. n., holotype. J P. (Bothynoptera) triguttata sp. n., Sichuan, paratype. K–X subgenus Parena: K P. (Parena) bicolor Motschulsky, Sulawesi. L P. (Parena) rubripicta Andrewes, Yunnan. M P. (Parena) fasciata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. N P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), Taiwan. O P. (Parena) picipes sp. n., Borneo, paratype. P P. (Parena) andrewesi Jedlička, Philippine. Q P. (Parena) politissima (Chaudoir), Vanuatu. R P. (Parena) latecincta (Bates), Guizhou. S P. (Parena) circumdata Shibata, Taiwan. T P. (Parena) pendleburyi Andrewes, Borneo. U P. (Parena) fulva sp. n., Zimbabwe, paratype. V P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. W P. (Parena) ruficornis sp.n., CentralAfrica, paratype. X P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Uganda. Y–γ subgenus Crossoglossa: Y P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Taiwan. Z P. (Crossoglossa) laesipennis (Bates), Yunnan. α P. (Crossoglossa) testacea (Chaudoir), Zhejiang. β P. (Crossoglossa) sulawesiensis Kirschenhofer, Sulawesi. γ P. (Crossoglossa) sciakyi sp. n., holotype. Scale bar = 0.2mm.

MAP 12. Distributions for species in the Parena (Parena) stigmatica group

FIGURE 73. Habitus of Parena (Parena) stigmatica species group. A Lectotype of Parena stigmatica (Fairmaire). B Holotype of Parena dorae Basilewsky. C Holotype of Parena fulva sp. n. D Paratype of Parena fulva sp. n., female from Zimbabwe. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 75. Median lobe of male genitalia for Parena (Parena) fulva sp. n., right-lateral (r), ventral (v), left-lateral (l), and dorsal (d) views. A Holotype. B Paratype from Zimbabwe. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.