Notonectidae

Esenbekova, Perizat Abdykairovna, Nurushev, Murat Zhusupbekovich & Homziak, Jurij, 2015, Aquatic Hemiptera (Heteroptera) of Kazakhstan, with notes on life history, ecology and distribution, Zootaxa 4013 (2), pp. 195-206 : 200

Family Notonectidae

Notonecta glauca Linnaeus

Mainly in freshwater ponds, small lakes and in standing or slow moving floodplain water bodies; zoophage; univoltine; overwinters as imago, buried in the bottom mud. Before overwintering females increase the number of egg chambers and further development (formation of oocytes) is suspended for the duration of the winter ( Papáček and Soldan 1987). In males, the testes grow intensively in the summer and reach a maximum size, with mature sperm, by August. These mature males overwinter ( Papáček and Soldan 1992). Mating occurs the following spring —in April and May—when the females’ eggs mature. West Palearctic.

Notonecta lutea Muller

In reservoirs, recorded as well from bogs and wetlands; zoophage; univoltine; overwinters in the egg stage. According to Papáček (1989), a small numbers of fertilized females overwinter as well, laying eggs in the spring. West Eurasian.

Notonecta reuteri reuteri Hungerford

In permanent freshwater ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and floodplain water bodies with well-developed vegetation and large areas of open water surface; zoophage (small aquatic insect larvae, including Culicidae , and insects fallen into the water; univoltine; overwinters in the egg stage, but sometimes found in the spring as overwintered imagos ( Kanyukova 2006). Trans Eurasian.

Notonecta viridis Delcourt

Standing and slow-moving water bodies of all sizes, prefers brackish waters; zoophages; univoltine; overwinters as imago ( Papáček 1989). West Palearctic-Oriental.