Pholcus ungyo Lee & Lee, 2024

Lee, Jun-Gi, Lee, Jun-Ho, Choi, Doo-Yeong, Park, Sun-Jae, Baek, Min-Jeong & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2024, Nine new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea, Zootaxa 5432 (2), pp. 179-212 : 191-192

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.2.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B157EDE-7ADB-4AC0-8C98-66D68D8EB27B
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10899100
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0387A476-7D16-B043-FF29-27EA72BEF9E0
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Pholcus ungyo Lee & Lee
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Pholcus ungyo Lee & Lee , sp. nov.

Figs 1G–H View FIGURE 1 , 2G–H View FIGURE 2 , 6, 15A–E, 18

Type material. Holotype: ♂, SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon-do: Yeongwol-gun, Jungdong-myeon, Mt. Ungyosan (37˚08'16"N, 128˚38'20"E, 380 m), 05 Aug. 2017, Doo-Yeong Choi leg. ( NIBR) . Paratypes: 3♀♀, same data as holotype (KNU-Ar 20230058–60) ; 1♂, same data as holotype (KNU-Ar 20230061) ; 19♀♀, same data as holotype (KNU-kise 835) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Mt. Ungyosan. Noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Males similar to Pholcus socheunensis Paik, 1978 , having marginally heavily sclerotized prolateral process of procursus with single thin projection ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ) and pseudoappendix strongly curved backwards ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ), but can be distinguished by: 1) prolateral process of procursus with distal margin round, retrolaterally not elongated distally, prolateral margin linear ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ) (obtuse-triangular, retrolaterally strongly elongated, prolateral margin slightly curved in P. socheunensis , see Paik 1978: fig. 6); 2) uncus ovoid, distal half extended roundly ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ) (lingulate, distally extended and narrowed in P. socheunensis , see Paik 1978: fig. 7); 3) pseudoappendix thin, distinctly longer than uncus ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ) (stout, slightly longer than uncus in P. socheunensis , see Paik 1978: fig. 7). Females similar to Pholcus hwangjeong Lee & Lee , sp. nov. and Pholcus gimsatgat Lee & Lee , sp. nov., having rhomboid epigynal anterior plate and flat epigynal posterior plate ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ), but can be distinguished by: 1) posteromedial margin of epigynal anterior cuticle slightly extended ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ) (strongly extended in P. hwangjeong sp. nov. and P. gimsatgat sp. nov., see Figs 7H View FIGURE 7 , 8H View FIGURE 8 ); 2) epigynal posterior plate laterally angled ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ) (laterally strongly expanded and globose in P. hwangjeong sp. nov., see Fig. 7H View FIGURE 7 ; laterally blunt in P. gimsatgat sp. nov., see Fig. 8H View FIGURE 8 ); 3) epigynal knob relatively thin, half as long as posterior plate ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ) (stout, longer than half of posterior plate length in P. hwangjeong sp. nov., see Fig. 7H View FIGURE 7 ; stout, longer than posterior plate length in P. gimsatgat sp. nov., see Fig. 8H View FIGURE 8 ); 4) anterior arch of internal genitalia dorsomedially with large acute sclerotized area ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ) (large, wide trapezoid in P. hwangjeong sp. nov., see Fig. 7I View FIGURE 7 ; small, obtuse in P. gimsatgat sp. nov., see Fig. 8I View FIGURE 8 ); 5) lateral concave area large, not flattened ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ) (large, flattened in P. hwangjeong sp. nov., see Fig. 7I View FIGURE 7 ; small, not flattened in P. gimsatgat sp. nov., see Fig. 8I View FIGURE 8 ); 6) pore plates oblong ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ) (ovoid in P. gimsatgat sp. nov., see Fig. 8I View FIGURE 8 ).

Description. Male (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1G View FIGURE 1 . Total length 6.1. Prosoma 1.8 long, 1.8 wide. Carapace round, pale yellow, with dark brown radial marks and marginal band on thoracic area. Eye area slightly elevated, posteriorly with dark brown marks laterally and medially. Diameter of AME 108 µm, ALE 159 µm, PME 157 µm, PLE 165 µm. AME–AME 57 µm, PME–PME 229 µm, PME–ALE 42 µm. Clypeus with large brown mark, without process. Chelicera ( Fig. 2G–H View FIGURE 2 ) with thumb-like proximo-lateral apophysis, slender and straight frontal apophysis longer than distal apophysis and pointing upwardly, and ventrally curved, notched triangular distal apophysis as long as proximo-lateral apophysis. Sternum longer than wide, shield-like, pale yellow with brown marks laterally and posteriorly. Opisthosoma 4.3 long, 1.6 wide, cylindrical, pale yellow, without cuticular patterns, with cardiac pattern and many black granular spots dorsally and laterally. Leg femora and tibiae yellowish brown with two whitish and two dark brown bands distally, two dark brown bands proximally; patellae, metatarsi, tarsi dark brown, without bands; leg Ⅰ femur distinctly darker. Leg Ⅰ 50.8 (12.6 + 0.8 + 12.9 + 22.0 + 2.5), leg II 34.2 (9.4 + 0.9 + 8.6 + 13.7 + 1.6), leg III 23.3 (6.7 + 0.7 + 5.8 + 9.0 + 1.1), leg IV 31.3 (8.9 + 0.7 + 7.9 + 12.2 + 1.5). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (16.1: 1.0: 16.5: 28.2: 3.3), leg II (10.7: 1.0: 9.9: 15.8: 1.9), leg III (9.3: 1.0: 8.1: 12.5: 1.6), leg IV (12.2: 1.0: 10.9: 16.6: 2.1). Leg formula 1243. Tibia Ⅰ L/d 81. Tibiae, metatarsi, tarsi with short vertical setae, tibiae and metatarsi Ⅰ, II with long curved hairs. Tibiae with three trichobothria, except tibia Ⅰ (prolaterally absent). Retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia Ⅰ at 5% proximally. Tarsus I with 31 pseudosegments, mostly irregular. Palp ( Fig. 6A–G View FIGURE 6 ). Trochanter apophysis ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ) less than half as long as femur, straight, slender, blunt, ventro-subdistally with single curved hair, proximo-retrolaterally with tubercle; femur ventrally swollen; tibia with prolatero-ventral tubercle; procursus ( Fig. 6A–E View FIGURE 6 ) dark brown, curved perpendicularly dorsally, with large ventral knee; dorso-subdistally swollen, with single short spine slightly far from retrolateral ridges ( Fig. 6C–D View FIGURE 6 ); procursus tip ( Fig. 6C–E View FIGURE 6 ) with two large ridges and several small ridges retrolaterally ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ), prolateral process broad and membranous, strongly sclerotized at retrolateral edge (arrowed 1 in Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ), medially semi-transparent, distal margin round and denticulate (arrowed 2 in Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ), prolateral margin linear, strongly sclerotized with thick longitudinal mark close to proximal procursus, distally with single straight and thin projection slightly widened and dentate (arrowed 3 in Fig. 6C–D View FIGURE 6 ), and triangular ventral process (arrowed 4 in Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ); genital bulb oval, pale yellow; uncus ( Fig. 6F–G View FIGURE 6 ) about half as long as genital bulb, dark brown, ovoid, distal half of outer margin extended and curved outwardly, with numerous tiny scales; pseudoappendix ( Fig. 6F–G View FIGURE 6 ) distinctly longer than uncus, thin, medially strongly curved nearly perpendicularly and crossing over embolus in lateral view, distally pointed; embolus ( Fig. 6G View FIGURE 6 ) slender, distally fringed, weakly sclerotized, about twice as long as uncus.

Female (one of paratypes, KNU-Ar 20230058). Habitus as in Fig. 1H View FIGURE 1 . Somatic characteristics generally similar to male, but cheliceral apophyses absent, legs slightly shorter. Total length 6.6. Prosoma 1.8 long, 1.8 wide. Diameter of AME 105 µm, ALE 169 µm, PME 169 µm, PLE 168 µm. AME–AME 52 µm, PME–PME 244 µm, PME–ALE 31 µm. Opisthosoma 4.5 long, 2.4 wide. Leg Ⅰ 40.4 (10.2 + 0.8 + 10.2 + 16.7 + 2.5), leg II 28.2 (7.7 + 0.9 + 7.0 + 11.1 + 1.6), leg III 20.4 (5.9 + 0.8 + 4.9 + 7.7 + 1.2), leg IV 27.4 (8.0 + 0.7 + 7.0 + 10.4 + 1.4). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (12.5: 1.0: 12.6: 20.6: 3.1), leg II (9.1: 1.0: 8.2: 13.1: 1.9), leg III (7.7: 1.0: 6.4: 10.1: 1.6), leg IV (11.4: 1.0: 10.0: 14.8: 2.0). Leg formula 1243. Tibia I L/d 57. Epigyne ( Fig. 6H View FIGURE 6 ). Anterior plate obtuse triangular, anteriorly with brown wide triangular mark, posteromedial margin slightly extended; posterior plate ivory medially, yellowish brown laterally and posteriorly, wide hexagonal, slightly shorter than anterior plate, posterolaterally very slightly extended, with pair of sclerotized areas only at anterolateral margin; epigynal knob brown, thick, blunt, half as long as posterior plate; posterior sclerotized cuticle yellowish brown, slightly procurved, slightly longer than half as long as posterior plate; interspace between posterior plate and posterior sclerotized cuticle slightly shorter than posterior plate, yellowish brown. Internal genitalia ( Fig. 6I View FIGURE 6 ). Anterior arch slightly sinuated, medially elongated anteriorly with large sclerotized area; anterolateral portion extended, triangular, pointing laterally; genital valve wide and round; lateral portion strongly concave; pore plates oblong, positioned at posterolateral edge of median portion of anterior arch, close together anteriorly, gradually wide apart posteriorly; interspace between anterior arch and pore plates wrinkled, M-shaped.

Variation. Males. Prosoma width: 1.8–1.9, tibia Ⅰ: 12.9–14.1 (n=2). The palpal shapes were largely consistent ( Fig. 15A View FIGURE 15 ).

Females. Prosoma width: 1.6–1.9 (mean 1.7), tibia Ⅰ: 8.8–10.2 (mean 9.4) (n=10).An intrapopulational variation was observed on the size of pore plates of internal genitalia ( Fig. 15D–E View FIGURE 15 ), but the epigynal shapes were largely consistent ( Fig. 15B–C View FIGURE 15 ).

Habitat information. This species was found on rock walls and crevices under rocks in mountainous regions.

Distribution. Korea (Yeongwol) ( Fig. 18 View FIGURE 18 ).