Anchylorhynchus chrysomeloides, De & Vanin, 2020

De, Bruno A. S. & Vanin, Sergio A., 2020, Systematic revision and morphological phylogenetic analysis of Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr, 1836 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Derelomini), Zootaxa 4839 (1), pp. 1-98 : 34-35

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4839.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CD765A95-2854-4D92-9EFB-B30B2FF40813
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4488546
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389E448-B848-4B7A-FF6F-FF2CFF07FCDE
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Anchylorhynchus chrysomeloides
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Anchylorhynchus chrysomeloides sp. nov.

http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A1C83456-978C-4D0D-BCF5-ED9A00103556

( Figures 3B View FIGURE 3 , 8J View FIGURE 8 , 11E View FIGURE 11 , 15C View FIGURE 15 , 22A View FIGURE 22 )

Holotype: Male ; Grão Mogol, Minas Gerais, Brazil (S16.5696, W42.9943); 15-IV-2009; de Medeiros, B.A.S. col.; in flowers of “ Butia capitata ”. Deposited in MZSP. GoogleMaps

Description. Male: Body size (length of elytra + pronotum) 4.7–5.8 mm.

Head: Rostrum 1.3–1.5 times as long as pronotum; 1.2–1.3 times wider at apex than at base; integument brown to black; with seven longitudinal carinae (including a pair along scrobes), distinct throughout their length; scrobes parallel to rostrum; apex covered by microsetae; areas between dorsal carinae covered by wide yellowish scales directed toward the central carina, distinctively narrower towards the apex of rostrum. Eyes 1.5–1.7 times as high as wide; 0.8–1.0 times more separated above than below. Head integument brown to black, similar to rostrum; entirely covered by scales directed to the inter-ocular fovea; scales usually black to dark brown, sometimes yellow to orange on the sides and above eyes. Antennae with scape straight, barely reaching anterior eye margin; funicle: antennomere I of funicle only slightly wider than II, II about as long as I and about 1.5 times as long as III, VI as wide as long and narrower than club; club as long as antennomeres III–VI of funicle. Left mandible strongly sinuate at outer margin; with one dorsal seta; outer tooth with strongly acute apex, forming a sharp angle with the mandible margin; inner tooth well-developed; molar region slightly concave. Left maxilla with stipes strongly elongate, with a long ventral seta; galeo-lacinial complex not reaching the apex of palpomere I; palpiger with transverse ventral region, dorsal region with an acute angle at base; palpomere I with two apical setae longer than the length of palpomere I; palpomere II longer than palpomere I. Labium prementum slightly narrower than postmentum, about 2 times as wide as long, lateral margins parallel in median region, lobed in lateral-apical region, with a median longitudinal row of short setae in dorsal region; ligula absent; palps separated by less than half the width of palpomere I; palpomere I approximately as long as wide; palpomere II about as long as palpomere III; palpomere III without lateral setae.

Thorax: Pronotum width at base 1.6–1.7 times pronotum length; base slightly lobed at middle; lateral margins in dorsal view subparallel at base and regularly curved to apex, sometimes with a subtle inflexion in the median region, sometimes with a subtle apical constriction; integument brown, similar to head; entirely covered by scales; with a cross of black scales on disk and on the lateral-apical regions, and orange scales elsewhere; scales on disk directed to the apex. Profemur approximately 3 times as long as wide; dorsal margin with curvature about as pronounced as ventral margin; tooth well-defined; about 2 times as wide as protibia. Protarsus with tarsomere I about as long as tarsomere III; tarsomeres I and II slightly wider than long; with short and dense setae on the ventral surface, without sparse and long setae on the sides. Scutellum 0.8–0.9 times longer than wide; integument and scales black. Elytra 1.3–1.3 times wider than pronotum; 1.5–1.5 times longer than wide; 3.1–3.4 times longer than pronotum; humeri rounded; lateral margins distinctively wider at middle; with white to orange scales enclosing a pair of black areas at the base and another at the apex, and a transverse black band in the middle; epipleura without an inflexion on interval IX, covered by dark scales following the disk pattern. Ventral region of thorax integument brown to black; scales whitish, distinctively lighter than those in pronotum. Hypomeron densely covered by mostly non-overlapping scales with truncated apex similar in shape to those in pronotum; scales next to coxal cavities larger. Prosternum length 0.9–1.0 times the width of coxae; postocular lobes indistinct, with apical-lateral margin of prothorax regularly curved to slightly sinuate; covered by overlapping scales, with scales with truncated apex similar to or slightly wider than those in pronotum. Metepisternum entirely covered by overlapping scales. Metasternum central concavity distinct; with very short setae in the center.

Abdomen: Ventrites III–V covered by narrow scales. Aedeagus 2– 2.5 times as long as wide; about 5 times as long as high; slightly wider at opening; without an anterior process; ventral plate strongly sclerotized, extending to approximately 0.4 times the length of apodemes. Apodemes about 1.5 times as long as aedeagus. Endophallus with two pairs of membranous pockets containing microtrichae next to basal sclerite; microtrichae of the apical region organized in a pair of bands, apparently the result of folds in membranes in this area.

Female: Body size 4.7–5.4 mm. Rostrum 1.3–1.4 times longer than pronotum; width at apex 1.2–1.3 times width at base. Eyes 1.5 times as high as wide; 0.9–1.0 times more separated above than below. Pronotum 1.6–1.7 times as wide at base as long. Prosternum length 0.8–1.0 times the coxal width. Scutellum 0.8–1.0 times as long as wide. Elytra 1.4–1.5 times as wide as pronotum; 1.4–1.5 times as long as wide; 3.4–3.5 times as long as pronotum; Metasternum covered with scales. Ventrites III and IV with posterior retraction not sinuate and reaching the middle of the segment.

Etymology. Named after the elongate body and color pattern resembling some galerucine chrysomelids.

Remarks. This species shares with A. bicolor the enlarged antennal club and short antennomeres of the funicle ( Figures 3 View FIGURE 3 A–B) and the lack of ligula in the prementum (as in Figure 6G View FIGURE 6 ), but in A. chrysomeloides the club is not as large as the funicle ( Figure 3B View FIGURE 3 ), as in A. bicolor ( Figure 3A View FIGURE 3 ). In addition to the morphology of the antenna and the distinctive color pattern ( Figure 11E View FIGURE 11 ), it can distinguished by the rostrum about 1.5 times as long as the pronotum, the lateral margins of the pronotum parallel at base, prosternum and hypomeron densely covered by white scales, with those of the prosternum larger than the scales in the pronotum.

The type series includes specimens with whitish bands on the elytra ( Figure 11E View FIGURE 11 ), as is the case of the holotype and also with a similar color pattern, but with scales orange as those in the pronotum.

Geographical Distribution. This species is known only from the type locality, in savanna (cerrado) converted to pasture in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil ( Figure 24 View FIGURE 24 ). The type locality was visited again in 2013, but no additional specimens were found in flowers of Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. It has not been found in two other populations of Butia capitata sampled in Minas Gerais.

Host Plants. Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. (voucher SPF B.A.S. Medeiros 20).

We collected the type series from flowers of a population of Butia capitata growing in a pasture.

Examined Specimens. Type Material. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Grão Mogol, B. A. S. Medeiros, 15/IV/2009 (♂ holotype Anchylorhynchus chrysomeloides MZSP, 10♀, 9 ♂ paratypes Anchylorhynchus chrysomeloides MZSP) .