Zorotypus (Octozoros) hukawngi, 2019

Chen, Xin-Yu & Su, Gui-Fen, 2019, Zorotypus hukawngi sp. nov., a Fossil Winged Zoraptera (Insect) in Burmese Amber, Zootaxa 4571 (2), pp. 263-269 : 264-266

Zorotypus (Octozoros) hukawngi sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–4 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A9869374-1ED3-44A6-9B13-9557FF440500

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar and is a reference to the location discovered of the specimen.

Type material. Holotype: alate female, in Burmese amber, CSCLRCAB100005.

Diagnosis. The new species is similar to the fossil species Z. nascimbenei , especially in the number and distribution of spines on metafemur and metatibiae, the shape of the head, and the regularly spaced stiff setae (i.e., jugate setae) in middle third of posterior margin of forewing. However, the new species can be easily separated from Z. nascimbenei by the following characters: the presence of the pair of strong, thornlike mesonotal spines on anterolateral corners (absent in Z. nascimbenei ); mesonotum subtriangular (subrectangular in Z. nascimbenei ); the presence of the pair of angulate anterolateral corners (absent in Z. nascimbenei ); antennomere II moniliform, approximately equal to 2/3 the length of antennomere III (vs. antennomere II straight, not gently curved outward, approximately equal in size to antennomere III); cerci with apical spinelike seta (vs. cerci without apical spinelike seta); metatibia slightly shorter than metafemur (vs. metatibia slightly longer than metafemur).

Description. Alate female ( Figs. 1 , 2 ) body length (exclusive of antennae) 2.04 mm, antennal length 0.93 mm; forewing length 2.30 mm; hindwing length 1.85 mm; head length 0.31 mm, width 0.43 mm; pronotal length 0.36 mm, width 0.32 mm; mesonotal length 0.26 mm, width 0.30 mm; metanotal length 0.20 mm, width 0.30 mm. Metafemoral length 0.64 mm, width (maximal) 0.29 mm; metatibial length 0.56 mm; abdominal length 0.86 mm; circus length 0.08 mm.

Integument generally reddish-brown and smooth. Head ( Fig.3A ) subtriangular, posterior border slightly broader than pronotum. Antenna ( Fig.3B; a 1–a 8) with eight segments; antennomere I elongate, 2.7× longer than wide, almost as long as combined length of next two segments; antennomere II apparently constricted at the basal half, approximately equal to 2/3 length of antennomere III; antennomere IV nearly twice length of II and longer than third segment, fourth through eighth segments roughly equal in length. Maxillary palpomeres not visible. Pronotum ( Fig. 3C ; prn) elongate, longer than wide, and narrower than head; without crescentic ridges along anterior third; posterior and anterior widths equivalent; anterior and lateral margins with long, dense setae, longer than posterior setae. Mesonotum ( Fig. 3C ; msn) subtriangular, broader than long, with pair of strong, thornlike spines on anterolateral corners and projecting laterally; anterior margin straight. Metanotum ( Fig. 3C ; mtn) trapezoidal, broader than long, shorter than mesonotum, anterolateral corners also somewhat angulate; anterior margin curved backward. Mesonotum and metanotum with sparse, minute setae. Metafemur ( Fig. 3D ) expanded, maximal width slightly less than one-half total metafemoral length, gently tapering toward apex; seven stout and strongly sclerotized spines along posterior border of metafemoral ventral surface ( Fig. 3D ; 1 –7), spines situated on tubercles, slightly angled toward metafemoral apex except for metafemoral slanted spine sp2; basal spine sp7 present, as large as sp6 (spine at midpoint of metafemur); sp1–sp5 distinctly shorter than sp6 and sp7; sp2 slightly longer than other spines of apical series (sp1–sp5); sp1‒sp5 regularly spaced, separated by less than length of an individual spine; sp6 slightly more distantly separated from apical series, separated by 2.5× sp5 length; sp2 slightly shorter and thinner than sp1. Metatibia ( Fig. 4A ) slightly shorter than metafemur, slender, dilated towards apex; metatibia with single spine at about three-quarters length from metatibia base and another spine near apex; length of spines (spa, spb) ( Fig. 4A; a, b ) longer than spines of apical series (sp1–sp5), but shorter than sp6 and sp7; width of basal-most metatarsomere and distal metatarsomere equivalent; claws paired, equal, simple ( Fig. 4B ).

Abdominal terga with scattered, minute setae, transverse rows of setae along posterior margin; terga laterally with stiff, erect, posterolaterally directed setae. Sterna with sparse, minute setae; sternites V–VIII (others not visible) with one transverse row of moderate-length setae along the posterior margin, several long setae in middle area and few setae laterally; cerci ( Fig.4C ) conical except tapering toward apex, unsegmented, with four subapical and one apical spinelike setae.

Wing venation faint with most veins represented by fuscous lines: membrane generally hyaline with scattered minute setae except infuscation forming pterostigma in forewing; marginal setae on both fore and hind wings numerous and short, slightly longer than setae on membrane; posterior margin of forewing with series of 13 regularly spaced, elongate, stiff, jugate setae ( Fig. 4D ; fjs) in middle third. Forewing ( Fig. 2 ; fw) with pterostigma as an elongated area along anterior margin, distal end of pterostigma ending at Rs; R short, faint, distal end of pterostigma ending at Rs; Rs and M separating from the near midpoint of wing, first abscissa of Rs absent, distal half gradually weakening, fusing with pterostigma, reaching anterior wing margin near wing apex; M weakening in apical half, reaching posterior wing margin slightly proximally relative to termination of Rs; CuA absent. Hindwing ( Fig. 2 ; hw) with M+R in anterior half, both R and M reaching wing margins; Cu absent.

Male and apterous morphs. Unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Zorotypus hukawngi sp. nov., female. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 2. Ventral habitus of Zorotypus hukawngi sp. nov., female. Abbreviations: fw = forewing; hw = hindwing. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 3. Zorotypus hukawngi sp. nov., holotype (CSCLRCAB100005). A. Head with right antenna. B. Left antenna. C. Forebody with forewings. D. Left metafemur. Abbreviations: 1–7 = metafemoral spines 1–7; a1–a8 = antennomeres I–VIII; msn = mesonotum; mtn = metanotum; prn = pronotum. Scale bars: 0.1mm.

FIGURE 4. Zorotypus hukawngi sp. nov., holotype (CSCLRCAB100005). A. Left metatibia. B. Claws. C. Cerci with apical spinelike setae. D. Forewing with jugate setae. Abbreviations: a, b = metatibial spines a, b; fjs = jugate setae of forewing. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.