Cis guarani Borlini & Lopes-Andrade, 2023

Borlini, Paula Vieira & Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2023, Two new Neotropical species of the Cis tricornis species-group (Coleoptera Ciidae), Zootaxa 5277 (3), pp. 565-572 : 569-571

Cis guarani Borlini & Lopes-Andrade sp. nov.

Figs 14–26

Etymology. Guarani are a group of indigenous peoples of South America, who originally lived in parts of Argentina, Paraguay, and in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. Noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Cis guarani is morphologically most similar to C. caipora sp. nov., differing in the pronotum smooth on disc ( Figs 14, 18 ), males with the first abdominal ventrite not tumid at disc, and females with baculi of proctiger shorter than the gonocoxites and gonostyli together ( Fig. 26 ). In C. guarani , the body is usually longer than that of C. amazonicus (TL 0.78–1.20 mm), C. delicatulus (TL ~ 1.20 mm) and C. tricornis (0.75–1.00 mm); and Cis miles has comparatively denser and deeper punctation on pronotum and elytra. In males of C. caipora and C. guarani the pronotal plate is shallowly emarginate, forming two short lateral horns when seen from above ( Fig. 14 ), while in males of C. amazonicus , C. delicatulus , C. miles and C. tricornis the anterior pronotal plate is broadly and deeply emarginate, forming two long lateral horns when seen from above; males of C. nasicornis lack conspicuous pronotal projections.

Description. Holotype. Adult in good condition, but right posterior leg glued on another triangle mounted at the same pin. Measurements in mm: TL 1.56; PL 0.63; PW 0.83; EL 0.93; EW 0.83; GD 0.70. Ratios: PL/PW 0.76; EL/ EW 1.12; EL/PL 1.47; GD/EW 0.84; TL/EW 1.88. Body convex, suboval; dorsal surface yellowish brown; ventral surface light yellowish brown; horns, antennae, palpi and tarsi light yellowish brown, except for dark antennal club; dorsal vestiture of very minute decumbent setae, barely visible even in high magnifications; ventral vestiture of decumbent slender setae. Head concealed by pronotal plate, except for anterocephalic edge; anterocephalic edge strongly projected forming a horn ( Figs 15, 17 ), 1.6x longer than wide, bearing decumbent short setae; apical edge of horn slightly curved inward, with rounded corners; dorsum microreticulate, punctate; venter convex, with some minute punctures; gula 0.52x as wide as head (measured in a dissected paratype from Rio Grande do Sul), with gular structures broadly bowed; submentum narrow, barely delimited. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, as follows (in mm, left antenna measured): 0.07; 0.05; 0.04; 0.03; 0.02; 0.02; 0.01; 0.04; 0.05; 0.07 (FL 0.12; CL 0.16; CL/FL 1.33). Eyes with subcircular contour; coarsely facetted, each with about 60 ommatidia; GW 0.12 mm. Pronotum 1.3x as long as wide, sides arcuate; anterolateral corners rounded, not projected forward; lateral margins barely explanate, simple (not crenulate), visible for their entire lengths when seen from above; anterior edge projected forward as a plate; corners of plate projected forward as short triangular horns with acute apex ( Fig. 14 ); anterior area, between horns, impressed, forming conspicuous concavity; punctation fine, single ( Figs 14, 18 ); punctures separated from each other by approximately three to four puncture-widths; interspaces of punctures smooth on disc and microreticulate close to edges; vestiture indiscernible, consisting of minute light-coloured setae. Scutellar shield subtriangular; microreticulate; impunctate; BW 0.07 mm. Elytra suboval; punctation indistinctly dual (usually noticeable as single, but in magnifications>100x there are slight differences among punctures, and macro- and micropunctures can be distinguished), confuse, finer and denser than that on pronotum ( Figs 14, 18 ); each macropuncture lacking a seta; interspaces of punctures smooth; each micropuncture with one minute light-coloured seta (~ 0.006 mm); humeral calli conspicuous. Metathoracic wings fully developed. Hypomera markedly microreticulate, inconspicuously punctate; punctures sparse, shallow, each one slender seta. Prosternum in front of coxae short, microreticulate, impunctate; disc with slender setae, carinate at the longitudinal midline. Prosternal process narrow (but not laminate, Fig. 16 ), about 1.5x as long as prosternum at disc; with sparse slender setae. Protibiae expanded to apex, 3x as long as wide (widest portion without tooth); slender setae regularly distributed at most of their lengths, but concentrated at inner edge; inner apical angle with a row of spines; outer edge straight, without spines; outer apical angle projected as an acute tooth. Meso-and metatibiae barely expanded to apex, 3x as long as wide, with regularly distributed slender setae; outer edge straight, lacking spines; outer apical angle not projected; apical edge with a row of spines. Metaventrite microreticulate; disc with long slender setae; discrimen indiscernible. Abdominal ventrites microreticulate; with regularly distributed long slender setae; length of ventrites (in mm, from base to apex at the longitudinal midline) as follows: 0.22; 0.07; 0.06; 0.07; 0.08; first abdominal ventrite with a large, marginated setose sex patch ( Fig. 19 , arrow; length, 0.06 mm; width, 0.06 mm). Male abdominal terminalia in a paratype ( Figs 20–23 ) as follows: sternite VIII ( Fig. 20 ) very membranous, posterior edge with broad U-shaped emargination at middle, forming two lobes with slender setae at their apices; basal piece ( Fig. 21 ) membranous, about 0.4x the length of tegmen; tegmen ( Fig. 22 ) about 3x as long as wide, lateral margins slightly sinuous, apical portion with V-shaped emargination at middle forming two short lateral lobes with rounded apices; penis ( Fig. 23 ) about 4.5x as long as wide, straight-sided, apical portion subtriangular, apex acute, about 0.9x as long as tegmen.

Females. Without cephalic and pronotal projections ( Fig. 24 ). Anterocephalic edge microreticulate, not projected, but slightly emarginate at middle forming two rounded and very short plates. Anterior pronotal edge broadly rounded. Head with single punctation, with short and decumbent setae. Gula smaller than that of males, 0.40x as wide as head (female from Rio Grande do Sul dissected); submentum barely visible. Elytral and pronotal punctation similar to those of male. First abdominal ventrite lacking sex patch. Female abdominal terminalia ( Figs 25–26 ) as follows: VIII sternite ( Fig. 25 ) as wide as length of spiculum ventrale, posterior edge emarginate at middle forming two lobes with slender setae at their apices; paraprocts ( Fig. 26 ) about 0.8x the length of gonocoxites and gonostyli together; baculi of proctiger ( Fig. 26 ) about as long as baculi of paraprocts; gonocoxites ( Fig. 26 ) transversely divided forming two folds at each side, with pair of gonostyli about one-third the length of gonocoxites together.

Type Series. Holotype ( CELC): \ BRASIL: RS, Canela , “Área CEEE” [29º22’45”S e 50º43’47”W] 28.xi.2015; A. G. Mezzomo, leg. \ Cis guarani Borlini & Lopes-Andrade HOLOTYPUS [red paper]\. Paratypes: 9♁♁ and 4♀♀ (1♁ and 1♀ CAMB; 7♁♁ and 2♀♀ CELC; 1♁ and 1♀ CERPE) “Brasil: RS, Canela “Área CEEE” [29º22’45”S e 50º43’47”W] 28.xi.2015; A. G. Mezzomo, leg. \ Trametes membranacea \ B304; 4♁♁ and 2♀♀ ( CELC) “ Brasil: RS, Canela “Área CEEE” [29º22’45”S e 50º43’47”W] 22.x.2015; A. G. Mezzomo, leg. \ Trametes membranacea \ B243; 2♁♁ and 2♀♀ ( CELC) “BRASIL: ES,Atílio Vivacqua 15.iv.2007 K. S. Furieri leg”. All paratypes additionally labeled \ Cis guarani Borlini & Lopes-Andrade PARATYPUS [yellow paper]\.

Variation. Measurements and ratios: Males, measurements in mm (n = 13): TL 1.17–1.56 (1.33 ± 0.11), PL 0.45–0.63 (0.51 ± 0.05), PW 0.62–0.83 (0.68 ± 0.06), EL 0.70–0.95 (0.82 ± 0.07), EW 0.63–0.83 (0.73 ± 0.05), GD 0.51–0.70 (0.60 ± 0.05), PL/PW 0.71–0.79 (0.75 ± 0.03), EL/EW 1.05–1.21 (1.12 ± 0.05), EL/PL 1.48–1.79 (1.62 ± 0.11), GD/EW 0.73–0.89 (0.83 ± 0.04), TL/EW 1.73–1.89 (1.83 ± 0.06). Females, measurements in mm (n = 7): TL 1.37–1.53 (1.43 ± 0.03), PL 0.50–0.59 (0.54 ± 0.03), PW 0.66–0.79 (0.73 ± 0.05), EL 1.00–0.82 (0.89 ± 0.06), EW 0.72–0.85 (0.79 ± 0.05), GD 0.55–0.70 (0.63 ± 0.05), PL/PW 0.69–0.83 (0.75 ± 0.05), EL/EW 1.06–1.27 (1.13 ± 0.07), EL/PL 1.49–1.89 (1.65 ± 0.13), GD/EW 0.76–0.83 (0.80 ± 0.03), TL/EW 1.71–1.94 (1.82 ± 0.08).

Distribution. Known from only two localities within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome: Canela, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (South region of Brazil); and Atílio Vivacqua, in the state of Espírito Santo (Southeast region of Brazil).

Host fungi. Trametes membranaceae (Sw.) Kreisel ( Polyporaceae ; two records, of which one is a breeding record).

Figures

FIGURES 14–26. Cis guarani sp. nov., male holotype (14–19), male paratype from Canela, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (20–23), female paratypes from Canela, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (24–26). 14. Dorsal view. 15. Lateral view. 16. Ventral view. 17. Frontal view of head, showing the anterocephalic horn. 18. Part of the elytra and pronotum. 19. Part of the abdominal ventrites, showing the setose sex patch at the first ventrite. 20. VIII sternite. 21. Basal Piece. 22. Tegmen. 23. Penis. 24. Dorsal view. 25. VIII sternite with its spiculum ventrale (sv). 26. Ovipositor showing the proctiger plus paraprocts (pt + pp), gonocoxites (gc) and gonostyli (gs). Scale bars: 0.5mm (14–19, 24), 0.1mm (20–23, 25–26).