Orthochirus carinatus, Navidpour & Kovařík & Soleglad & Fet, 2019

Navidpour, Shahrokh, Kovařík, František, Soleglad, Michael E. & Fet, Victor, 2019, Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part X. Alborz, Markazi and Tehran Provinces with a description of Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. (Buthidae), Euscorpius 276, pp. 1-20 : 8-12

Orthochirus carinatus sp. n.

( Figs. 1–45, 48 , 56 , Table 1 ) http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:88720126- 9271-4C7B-9EC1-22655130E03F

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Iran, Tehran Province, Tehran to Firoozkooh, Absard-Keylan , 35°31' 33"N 52°10'42"E, 1761 m a.s.l. ( Fig. 48 ); FKCP.

TYPE MATERIAL. Iran, Tehran Province, Tehran to Firoozkooh , Absard-Keylan , 35°31'33"N 52°10'42"E, 1761 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Teh-114), V.2012, 1♂ (holotype) ( FKCP), leg. Rabiei, Barzegar and Fallahpour. Alborz Province, Karaj-Baraghan road, 35°54'36.7"N 50°58'22"E, 770 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-101), VI. 2013, 2♀ (paratypes) ( FKCP) 4♀ (paratypes) ( RRLS), leg. Rabiei, Barzegar and Fallahpour ; Atashgah to Baraghan road, 35°56'29.1"N 50°56'17"E, 880 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-112), VI.2013, 4♀ (paratypes) ( RRLS), leg. Navidpour, Rabiei, Barzegar and Fallahpour; Ateshgah-Baraghan road, 35°55'52.9"N 50°57'30.6"E, 336 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-113), VI.2013, 1♀ (paratype) ( FKCP) 2♀ ( RRLS), leg. Rabiei, Barzegar and Fallahpour; Atashgah road, 35°55'58.8"N 51°0'29.4"E, 258 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-114), VI.2013, 5♀ (paratypes) ( RRLS), leg. Rabiei, Barzegar and Fallahpour ; Doran village , 35°59'03.1"N 51°01'55.1"E, 400 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-115), VI.2013, 2♀ (paratypes) ( FKCP) 1♀ (paratype) ( RRLS), leg. Rabiei, Barzegar and Fallahpour .

ETYMOLOGY. Named after ventrolateral carinae on fifth metasomal segment.

DIAGNOSIS. Total length of adult 26–42 mm. Patella of pedipalp without ventral trichobothria. Dorsal trichobothria of femur arranged in beta-configuration. Long tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Pectines with fulcra and densely hirsute. Movable and fixed fingers of pedipalps with 7–8 rows of granules with internal and partly with external granules and 2–5 distal granules. Carapace, in lateral view, distinctly inclined downward from median eyes to anterior margin. Metasoma I–II with 10 carinae. Metasoma IV –V ventrally punctate with ventrolateral carinae present. Spaces among punctae smooth, without granules. Telson elongate, aculeus as long or longer than vesicle. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson sparsely hirsute. Dorsal surface of all metasomal segments smooth, without granules. Tarsomere I of legs I to III with bristlecombs, legs IV without bristlecombs.

Description : The adult male holotype is 26.05 mm long, females paratypes are 34–42 mm long. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 1 . For habitus see Figs. 1–4 .

Coloration ( Figs. 1–4 ): Carapace, tergites and metasoma are usually black, pedipalps and patella of pedipalps and femur of legs are yellow or reddish black, patella and tarsomeres of legs are yellow, pedipal chela yellow to reddish brown, and telson is reddish brown. The sternite VII is usually black, other sternites are yellowish green to brown.

Mesosoma and carapace ( Figs. 5–8 ): The mesosoma bears a median carina and is densely granulated. The carapace is densely granulated, including the middle of interocular triangle. There are developed only anterior median carinae which are smooth. The seventh sternite bears four granulated carinae, the other sternites are smooth in the male and laterally finely granulated in the females. Pectinal teeth number 22–23 in male and 18–21 in females.

Metasoma and telson ( Figs. 14, 17–22 ): The segments I–II bears 10 granulated carinae. The segment III lack lateral carinae, the segment IV bears only dorsal and ventolateral carina which can be incomplete, and the segment V bears incomplete dorsal carinae and two complete ventrolateral carinae present and composed of large teeth in the posterior half. Segments I–II are coarsely granulated on ventral and dorsal sufaces. Segment III is coarsely granulated on ventral and weakly punctated on lateral surfaces. Segments IV–V are punctated. Spaces among punctae are smooth. The dorsal surface of all segments are smooth. The entire metasoma and telson are only very sparsely hirsute. The telson is punctate and lacks granules.

Pedipalps ( Figs. 23–44 ): The distance between trichobothria d 1 and d 3 on the femur of pedipalp approximately equals that between d 3 and d 4; trichobothrium e 1 is situated between d 3 and d 4 or in level with d 4. Trichobothrium d 2 of pedipalp femur is absent ( Fig. 31 ) or present ( Fig. 42 ) on dorsal surface. The femur of pedipalp bears four granulate carinae. The patella has seven smooth carinae, and the chela has smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalps are only sparsely hirsute. The movable fingers bear 7–8 rows of granules with external and internal granules and 2–5 distal granules. Most of the female paratypes has present only two or three external granules for anterior rows of granules ( Fig 43 ) but male holotype has present these external granules completely ( Fig. 32 ).

Legs ( Figs. 9–13 ): The femur bears four partly granulated carinae, the patella bears five carinae, and the tibia is smooth. The patella bears only a few solitary hairs and spines. The tibia bears several spines, namely on the outer side. Tarsomere I of first to third legs bears bristlecombs composed of 5–8 bristles, fourth legs lack bristlecombs.

Affinities. The described features distinguish Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. from all other species of the genus. O. carinatus sp. n. is close to O. zagrosensis Kovařík, 2004 and O. fuscipes (Pocock, 1900) . These three species it is possible reliably distinguish according to ventrolateral cainae on metasoma V which are missing or incomplete, present only in posterior half in O. fuscipes ( Fig.16 ) and O. zagrosensis ( Fig.15 ) but strongly developed in O. carinatus sp. n. ( Fig.14 ).

Figures

Figures 1–2: Orthochirus carinatus sp. n., male holotype, dorsal (1) and ventral (1) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 3–4: Orthochirus carinatus sp. n., female paratype from locality No. Al-101, dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 5–13: Orthochirus carinatus sp. n.. Figures 5, 7, 13. Male holotype, carapace and tergites I–IV (5), coxosternal area and sternites (7), and right leg III, retrolateral aspect (13). Figures 6, 8–12. Female paratype from locality No. Al-101, carapace and tergites I–IV (6), coxosternal area and sternites (8), and right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (9–12).

Figures 14–22: Figures 14–16. Metasoma V ventral view of Orthochirus carinatus sp. n., female paratype from locality No. Al-115 (14), O. zagrosensis, male holotype (15) and O. fuscipes, male from Pakistan, Karachi (16), UV fluorescence. Figures 17–19. Orthochirus carinatus sp. n., female paratype from locality No. Al-101, metasoma and telson lateral (17), ventral (18), and dorsal (19) views. Figures 20–22. Orthochirus carinatus sp. n., male holotype, metasoma and telson lateral (20), ventral (21), and dorsal (22) views. Scale bars: 10 mm (17–19, 20–22).

Figures 23–44: Orthochirus carinatus sp. n., pedipalp segments. Figures 23–33. Male holotype, pedipalp chela, dorsal (23), external (24), and ventral (25) views, pedipalp patella, dorsal (26), external (27) and ventral (28) views, pedipalp femur and trochanter ventral (29), internal (30) and dorsal (31) views, pedipalp movable (32) and fixed (33) finger dentate margins. Figures 34–44. Female paratype from locality No. Al-101, pedipalp chela, dorsal (34), external (35), and ventral (36) views, pedipalp patella, dorsal (37), external (38) and ventral (39) views, pedipalp femur and trochanter ventral (40), internal (41) and dorsal (42) views, pedipalp movable (43) and fixed (44) finger dentate margins. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 24–27 and 30–31 (white circles).

Figures 45–49: Localities. Figure 45: Iran, Alborz Province, Karaj-Baraghan road, 35°54'36.7"N 50°58'22"E, 770 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-101). Recorded occurrence of Iranobuthus krali Kovařík, 1997, Mesobuthus eupeus eupeus (C. L. Koch, 1839), Odontobuthus doriae (Thorell, 1876) and Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. Figure 46: Iran, Alborz Province, Mahdasht-Eshtehard road, Akhtar abad, 35°43'36.3"N 50°40'04"E, 155 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-111). Recorded occurrence of Odontobuthus doriae (Thorell, 1876) and Scorpio kruglovi Birula, 1910. Figure 47: Iran, Alborz Province, Taleghan road to Samghabab village, 36°06'24.8"N 50°34'29.9"E, 1781 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Al-118). Recorded occurrence of Hottentotta saulcyi (Simon, 1880). Figure 48: Iran, Tehran Province,Tehran to Firoozkooh,Absard-Keylan, 35°31'33"N 52°10'42"E,1761 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Teh-114), type locality of Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. Figure 49: Iran, Western part of Immam Khomayni Airport, 35°25'25"N 51°04'46"E, 1035 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Teh-116). Recorded occurrence of Odontobuthus doriae (Thorell, 1876).

Figures 56–57: Distribution of Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. (top) and Odontobuthus doriae (bottom), yellow icons. Outlines in each map delineate three provinces in northern Iran: Alborz (upper left), Markazi (lower left) and Tehran (upper right).

Tables

Table 1: Comparative measurements of Orthochirus carinatus sp. n. types. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W, in carapace it corresponds to posterior width), depth (D).

		O. carinatus sp. n.	O. carinatus sp. n.
Dimensions (MM)		♂ holotype	♀ paratype, Al-101
Carapace	L / W	3.271 / 3.877	4.935 / 5.901
Mesosoma	L	5.821	11.748
Tergite VII	L / W	1.738 / 4.142	2.984 / 6.420
Metasoma + telson	L	16.957	25,169
Segment I	L / W / D	1.973 / 2.585 / 2.147	2.934 / 3.706 / 3.156
Segment II	L / W / D	2.270 / 2.662 / 2.129	3.421 / 3.755 / 3.259
Segment III	L / W / D	2.470 / 2.806 / 2.260	3.847 / 3.989 / 3.291
Segment IV	L / W / D	3.256 / 2.919 / 2.220	4.824 / 4.168 / 3.220
Segment V	L / W / D	3.446 / 2.827 / 2.035	5.053 / 4.164 / 3.017
Telson	L / W / D	3.542 / 1.307 / 1.040	5.090 / 1.944 / 1.555
Pedipalp	L	9.323	14,769
Femur	L / W	2.674 / 0.719	3.861 / 1.120
Patella	L / W	3.271 / 0.906	4.640 / 1.416
Chela	L	3.378	6.268
Manus	W / D	0.812 / 0.840	1.197 / 1.198
Movable finger	L	3.042	4.037
Total	L	26.05	41.85