Halozetes capensis

Pfingstl, Tobias, Wagner, MaXimilian, Hugo-Coetzee, Julia Baumann Elizabeth A., Neethling, Jan Andries & Bardel-Kahr, Iris, 2022, Contrasting phylogeographic patterns of intertidal mites (Acari, Oribatida) along the South African shoreline, Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 22 (3), pp. 789-801 : 796

Halozetes capensis

In NMDS on H. capensis , males overlapped in raw as well as in size-corrected data, but there was some separation between the females of different populations: the populations from Nature’s Valley and Wilderness were largely separated from the populations from De Hoop and Kayser’s Beach, and this separation was clearer in the size-corrected data ( Fig. 6 ).

LDAs on females and males, based on raw as well as on size-corrected data, revealed similar patterns ( Fig. 6 ): in all cases, the two populations from Nature’s Valley and Wilderness were separated from the populations from De Hoop and Kayser’s Beach on axis 1. Axis 2 separated the population from Kayser’s beach from the other populations, whereas a small overlapping area remained in the males. The power of classification by LDA was also similar in all analyses: LDA on females correctly classified 67.8% in raw data and 61.02% in size-corrected data; in males, the percentages were higher with 72.73% correctly classified in raw data and 70.91% in size-corrected data. Thus, in both sexes, more specimens were correctly classified in the raw data.

Variables with highest loadings in females were db and nwdp for axis 1 and dga, al, and aw for axis 2 in the raw data, and gl, db, and nwda for axis 1 and dga and nwdp for axis 2 in the size-corrected data (Supporting Table S3). In males, the variables with highest loadings were db, nwdm, nwdp, and ddis for axis 1 and nwdp, dga, aw, and nwdm for axis 2 in the raw data. In size-corrected data, variables with highest loadings were db and nwda for axis 1 and nwdm and nwdp for axis 2 (Supporting Table S3).

PERMANOVA on both sexes, based on raw as well as on size-corrected data, showed that there were highly significant differences (p <0.001) between at least one of the populations and the others. In pairwise comparisons between the female populations, significant differences (p> 0.05) were encountered between Nature’s Valley and De Hoop and Nature’s Valley and Kayser’s Beach in both raw and size-corrected data. Pairwise comparisons of the male populations (raw as well as size-corrected data) showed significant differences (p <0.01) between all possible pairings except between Wilderness and Nature’s Valley, where no significant differences were present.

Significant differences in the dispersion of populations (p <0.05) were found in the female populations between Wilderness and Nature’s Valley and between Wilderness and De Hoop in the raw data. In size-corrected data of females, significant differences (p <0.01) in dispersion were present only between Wilderness and Nature’s Val - ley. In raw data of the male populations, the dispersion of the populations from Wilderness and Nature’s Valley also differed significantly (p <0.05); there were no significant differences in size-corrected data of males. In all mentioned cases, the population from Wilderness showed smaller dispersion than the other populations.

Figures

Fig. 6 Graphs showing results of multivariate analyses performed on size-corrected data of four different Halozetes capensis populations; left side non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), right side linear discriminant analysis (LDA)