Lepidocyrtus bilobatus, Mateos, Eduardo, 2008

Mateos, Eduardo, 2008, Definition of Lepidocyrtus lusitanicus Gama, 1964 species-complex (Collembola, Entomobryidae), with description of new species and color forms from the Iberian Peninsula, Zootaxa 1917, pp. 38-54 : 39-44

Lepidocyrtus bilobatus sp. nov.

Figs 2–20 , Tab. 1

Type material. Spain, Salamanca (LOC139, see Tab. 1 and Fig. 1 ), on herbaceous vegetation along the Alayón river, 2.viii.2007, E.Mateos coll. Holotype: female ( CRBA 1272) on 1 slide, paratypes: lot LP175 (unpigmented specimens) composed by 11 specimens prepared on slides and 80 specimens in alcohol, lot LP176 (pigmented and unpigmented specimes) composed by 4 specimens mounted on slides and 16 specimens in alcohol. Holotype and 7 paratypes mounted on slides deposited at the Centre de Recursos de Biodiversitat Animal, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona (http://www.crba.ub.edu): Slide CRBA 1341 with one pigmented specimen, slides CRBA 1342 and CRBA 1343 with one unpigmented specimen each, slide CRBA 1344 with two pigmented and two unpigmented specimens. Other paratypes deposited in the E. Mateos collection.

Etymology. The species name refers to the bilobed morphology of the ant. IV apical bulb, which is a diagnostic character for the new species within the European Lepidocyrtus fauna.

Description. Holotype body length (without head nor furca) 1 mm, paratypes 0.7–1.0 mm. Holotype body unpigmented; paratypes body color highly variable with yellow-white (form A) and purple (form B) specimens present in the same population ( Figs 2–3 ); all specimens with purple pigment on anterior region of the head and ant. II–IV. Ocular areas densely black pigmented. Antenna, legs, and dorsal side of manubrium without scales. Body dorsoventrally compressed; mesothorax not projecting over the head.

Ratio antenna:cephalic diagonal = 1.5 for holotype, for paratypes 1.4–1.7; ant. I:II:III:IV = 1:1.9:2.1:3.6. Basis of ant. I dorsally with three microchaetae arranged in triangle. Ant. III organ as in Fig. 4 . With bilobed nonretractile ant. IV apical bulb ( Fig. 5 ). 8+8 eyes of equal size.

Smooth prelabral and labral setae in typical number 4/554; prelabral setae ciliated; the four labral setae of the third row are shorter, more curved, and with more developed insertion than setae of the other two rows; inverted U-shaped labral apical intrusion; with four rounded labral papillae ( Fig. 6 ). Subapical seta of outer maxillary palp smooth and slightly longer than or subequal to apical seta, with three smooth setae on sublobular plate ( Fig. 7 ). Outer differentiated seta of labial appendage curved, tip almost reaching the apex of the papilla ( Fig. 8 ).

Labium anterior row (a1–a5) formed by smooth setae; posterior row formed by ciliated setae (M2R*EL1L2), with R half in length on seta M2 (marked as R*) ( Fig. 9 ). Ventral cephalic groove with 3+3 ciliated macrochaetae and 2+2 scales.

The dorsal macrochaetae formula is R0R1R2STSo/10/0301+3, with a pair of supplementary macrochaetae R1s between R0 and R1 ( Fig. 10 ). Maximum number of macrochaetae A on the head 9+9 ( Fig. 11 ). Interocular chaetotaxy with s, t, r, q, p ciliated setae, without scales ( Fig. 12 ). The th. II dorsal macrochaeta correspond to p3 ( Fig. 13 ). Abd. II–III chaetotaxy as in Figs 14–15 ; abd. II setae a2, m3 and m3e ciliated macrochaetae, seta a2p absent; abd. III seta m7a acuminate thin ciliated macrochaeta. Abd. IV chaetotaxy as in Fig. 16 -A; trichobothrium T2 without accessory seta s; seta D1p ciliated and double in length than other setae of the trichobothrial complex ( Fig. 17 ); seta Fe4 can be thin ciliated macrochaeta or smooth mesochaeta depending on the specimens ( Fig. 16 -B). Bilateral asymmetries can be observed in some specimens in which Fe4 is thin ciliated macrochaeta on one side and smooth mesochaeta on the other; without correlation between the morphology of seta Fe4 and other characters like size, color pattern nor locality. Three posterior smooth mesochaetae on abd. IV present. All setae associated with the trichobothria on abd. II–IV are acuminate and strongly ciliate, except pi and pe on abd. IV which are fan-shaped.

V-shaped trochanteral organ formed by 6–8 smooth straight setae ( Fig. 18 ). Unguis with basal pair teeth at 46 % of the inner edge, and with two inner teeth at 66 % (the bigger) and 83 % of the inner edge respectively; unguiculus lanceolate with finely serrated outer margin; spatulate tibiotarsal tenent hair ( Fig. 19 ).

Ratio manubrium: dens: mucro = 23:21:1. Manubrial plate with 2 inner setae and 4–5 external setae ( Fig. 20 ).

Ecology and distribution. All the individuals were obtained beating the herbaceous vegetation along the Alayón river.

Discussion. The bilobed antennal apical bulb is a diagnostic character that separates L. bilobatus sp. nov. from all other European species. The new species is very close to L. lusitanicus and L. selvaticus , from which it can be differentiated by abd. IV chaetotaxy: In L. bilobatus sp. nov. setae E1, De1 and E4p are ciliated macrochaetae ( Fig. 16 ), whereas in the other two species are smooth mesochaetae ( Fig. 27 ). The new species also differs from L. selvaticus by the presence of labial seta R (absent in L. selvaticus ) and by having 3+3 ciliated setae along ventral cephalic groove (2+2 ciliated and 1+1 smooth in L. selvaticus , see: Fig. 29 ). As L. lusitanicus , the new species has high color pattern variability, with white ( L. bilobatus form A) and purple pigmented specimens ( L. bilobatus form B) living in the same population. The fact that specimens with different color pattern live together in the same population, suggests that body pigment distribution cannot be considered a good subspecific character in L. bilobatus sp. nov.; for this reason L. bilobatus form A and form B have been described as color forms and not as subspecies.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Localities (in letters, see: column “ ref ” in Table 1) and taxa (in numbers). 1 –– L. lusitanicus lusitanicus, 2 –– L. lusitanicus coloratus, 3 –– L. lusitanicus nigrus, 4 –– L. lusitanicus piezoensis, 5 –– L. lusitanicus form A, 6 –– L. selvaticus, 7 –– L. bilobatus sp. nov.

FIGURE 16. Lepidocyrtus bilobatus sp. nov.: 16 - A, abd. IV complete chaetotaxy, large black circles –– blunt broad ciliated macrochaetae, small black circles –– acuminate thin ciliated macrochaetae, white circles –– smooth mesochaetae, oval (Fe 4 seta) –– thin ciliated macrochaetae or smooth mesochaetae, triangles –– fan-shaped setae, lines –– microchaetae, x –trichobothria, # –– pseudopore; 16 - B, bcm –– blunt broad ciliated macrochaeta, tcm –– acuminate thin ciliated macrochaeta, Fe 4 –– two different morphologies of seta Fe 4.

FIGURES 2 – 10. Lepidocyrtus bilobatus sp. nov.: 2, L. bilobatus form A; 3, L. bilobatus form B; 4, ant. III sensillar chaetotaxy; 5, apical antennal bulb; 6, labrum; 7, maxillary palp; 8, outer labial appendage; 9, labium and ventral cephalic groove; 10, dorsal macrochaetae (circles), trichobothria (lines) and pseudopora (#).

FIGURES 11 – 13. Lepidocyrtus bilobatus sp. nov.: 11, dorsal head chaetotaxy, broad circles –– long ciliated macrochaetae, small circles –– short ciliated macrochaetae; 12, interocular chaetotaxy (right ocular area); 13, th. II dorsal chaetotaxy, large circles –– ciliated macrochaetae, pse –– pseudopore.

FIGURES 14 – 15. Lepidocyrtus bilobatus sp. nov.: 14, abd. II complete chaetotaxy, large circles –– blunt broad ciliated macrochaetae, pse –– pseudopore; 15, abd. III complete chaetotaxy, large circles –– blunt broad ciliated macrochaetae, small circles –– acuminate thin ciliated macrochaetae, pse –– pseudopore.

FIGURES 17 – 20. Lepidocyrtus bilobatus sp. nov.: 17, abd. IV trichobothrial complex; 18, trochanteral organ (other setae than trochanteral organ omitted); 19, p-III unguis and unguiculus; 20, manubrial plates, black circles –– pseudopora.

FIGURES 26 – 27. Lepidocyrtus lusitanicus: 26, apical antennal bulb; 27, abd. IV chaetotaxy, broad circles –– broad ciliated macrochaetae, small circles –– thin ciliated macrochaetae, white circle –– pseudopore.

FIGURES 28 – 29. Lepidocyrtus selvaticus: 28, habitus; 29, labium and ventral cephalic groove.

Tables

TABLE 1. Material studied data (all material collected by the author); ref –– locality reference (see: Fig. 1); code –– locality code; lat –– latitude (all N latitudes); long –– longitude (positive values means East, negative values means West); elev – – elevation above sea level in m; date –– collection date in dd-mm-yy format; method (capture methodology): v –– beating herbaceous vegetation, s –– active searching in soil by hand with an aspirator (between litter-fall, under stones and under logs); species: 1 –– L. lusitanicus lusitanicus, 2 –– L. lusitanicus coloratus, 3 –– L. lusitanicus nigrus, 4 –– L. lusitanicus piezoensis, 5 –– L. lusitanicus form A, 6 –– L. selvaticus, 7 –– L. bilobatus sp. nov.

ref	code locality	province country	lat	long	elev date	method	species
a	LOC137 Bandeira	Coimbra Portugal	40.2016	-8.8798	241 29-07-07	v	1, 5
b	LOC126 Arrimal	Leiria Portugal	39.4995	-8.8712	320 12-07-07	v	4
c	LOC129 Pragais	Leiria Portugal	39.5785	-8.8221	308 18-07-07	v	1
d	LOC125 Mira	Coimbra Portugal	40.4457	-8.7988	13 08-07-07	v	5
e	LOC131 San Jacinto	Aveiro Portugal	40.6706	-8.7252	9 21-07-07	v	1, 2
f	LOC134 Arzila	Coimbra Portugal	40.1830	-8.5462	120 26-07-07	v	1, 2
g	LOC133 Taveiro	Coimbra Portugal	40.2013	-8.5376	4 26-07-07	v	3
h	LOC124 Curia	Coimbra Portugal	40.4260	-8.4655	42 08-07-07	v	2
i	LOC132 Coimbra	Coimbra Portugal	40.2231	-8.4458	34 25-07-07	v	1, 5, 3
j	LOC123 Buçaco	Coimbra Portugal	40.3796	-8.3763	243 08-07-07	v	1, 2
k	LOC135 Coimbra	Coimbra Portugal	40.2227	-8.3349	9 28-07-07	v	1, 3
l	LOC136 Casal de Santo Amaro	Coimbra Portugal	40.2845	-8.3046	165 28-07-07	v	2
m	LOC127 Gerês	Braga Portugal	41.7371	-8.1579	465 14-07-07	v	1
n	LOC128 Gerês	Braga Portugal	41.7507	-8.1528	720 14-07-07	v	1
o	LOC052 Pardieiros	Coimbra Portugal	40.2168	-7.9096	600 22-07-07	v	1
p	LOC138 El Casarito	Salamanca Spain	40.5218	-6.1382	1065 02-08-07	v	1, 4
q	LOC139 Sotoserrano	Salamanca Spain	40.4110	-6.0535	364 02-08-07	v	7
r	LOC120 Pina de Ebro	Zaragoza Spain	41.4793	-0.2415	400 31-05-07	s	3
s	LOC091 Vall d'Aran	Lleida Spain	42.7755	0.7851	1450 17-07-06	v	1
t	LOC097 Taull	Lleida Spain	42.5102	0.8779	1800 20-07-06	s	1
u	LOC108 Montsant	Tarragona Spain	41.2370	0.8843	385 17-02-07	v	3
v	LOC156 Vila-seca	Lleida Spain	41.6850	0.9434	230 29-05-08	v	3
w	LOC102 Prades	Tarragona Spain	41.3594	1.0804	990 03-01-07	v	1
x	LOC101 Viladecavalls	Barcelona Spain	41.5469	1.9601	200 25-10-06	v	6
y	LOC144 Blanes	Girona Spain	41.6867	2.8165	2 28-02-08	v	6
z	LOC143 Tossa de Mar	Girona Spain	41.7190	2.9028	2 21-02-08	v	6