Haemulidae Gill 1885

Angulo, Arturo, Betts, Joel T., González-Alemán, Néstor J., Castañeda, Edgar, Berghe, Eric Van Den, Elías, Diego J., Mcmahan, Caleb D. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2023, Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families, Zootaxa 5376 (1), pp. 1-89 : 74

Family Haemulidae Gill 1885 ( Fig. 5B ). Grunts, Porkfishes, Salemas; Roncadores, Burros, Salemas, Tenientes, Corocoros, Roncos, Viejas, Corcovados

Description: Body oblong, compressed; up to 75 cm in length; mouth relatively small, usually with thick lips; teeth on jaws usually cardiform, generally absent on vomer; a pair of conspicuous pores plus (in almost all genera) a central groove under the chin; scales rough, over entire body and head, except in the front of the snout, lips and chin; dorsal fin continuous, with 9–14 spines and 11–26 soft rays; anal fin with three spines and 6–18 soft rays; caudal fin concave to forked ( Robertson & Allen 2015, Nelson et al. 2016). Distribution: Marine (many in brackish water, rarely in freshwaters); Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans (Nelson et al. 2016). Four genera and six species in Nicaraguan freshwaters.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Families of continental fishes of Nicaragua, part 4; Gerreidae (A), Haemulidae (B), Sciaenidae (C), Lobotidae (D), Ephippidae (E) and Tetraodontidae (F). Illustrations adapted (with permission) from Nelson et al. (2016) and Angulo et al. (2021).