Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011

Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Tan, Qing-Qing, Zhou, Tong & Li, Tao, 2018, Parastephanellus Enderlein (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) revisited, with description of two new species from China, Zootaxa 4459 (2), pp. 327-349 : 332-335

Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011

Figs 18–34

Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong, van Achterberg & Xu, 2011: 39 –41.

Material: 5 ♀ ( NWUX, RMNH): “[NE China:] Liaoning, Haicheng, Chagou, Hongqiling , 7/ 8.vi.2015, Maoling

Sheng”, “reared from stem of Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. infested by Curculionidae ”; 4 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), same data but 31. v./1 / 3.vi.2015.

Diagnosis. Ivory streak of temple more or less contrasting with chestnut to orange brown posterior part of temple in lateral view ( Fig. 26 ), separated from occipital carina in dorsal view ( Figs 25 , 33 ); temples evenly rounded in dorsal view ( Fig. 25 ); frons of ♀ largely dark brown; medio-anteriorly pronotum steeply arising behind neck ( Fig. 19 ); pronotum below tegulae costate ( Fig. 19 ); vein 1-M of fore wing about as long as vein m-cu and 1.1–1.6 × vein 1-SR ( Fig. 18 ); vein 1-SR of fore wing strongly angled with vein 1-M and approx. 1.5 × as long as vein 2-M+CU1 ( Fig. 18 ); vein m-cu of fore wing 1.5–1.7 × longer than vein 2-SR+M; sclerotized part of vein 2-M of fore wing surpassing level of apex of vein r; vein r of fore wing ends near level of apex of pterostigma ( Figs 18 , 28 ); hind coxa of ♀ 2.1–2.2 × as long as wide in dorso-lateral view ( Fig. 21 ; ♂ up to 2.6 x); first metasomal tergite of ♀ moderately robust, 4.4–5.5 × as long as wide (cf. Fig. 30 ); emargination of pygidial area of ♀ wide ( Fig. 22 ), distinctly protruding and truncate latero-apically; ovipositor sheath 1.4–1.7 × as long as body.

Description. Figured ♂ from Liaoning, length of fore wing 7.4 mm, and of body 10.8 mm.

Head. Antenna with 30 segments; three coronal teeth large and distinctly carinate; frons coarsely transversely rugose ( Fig. 32 ); vertex transversely striate-rugose ( Fig. 33 ); temple smooth and shiny ( Fig. 29 ), evenly convex behind eyes in dorsal view ( Fig. 33 ).

Mesosoma. Pronotum distinctly sculptured; laterally neck with several carinae; posterior part of pronotum rugulose medially and steep anteriorly; scutellum coriaceous and with several foveolae; metapleuron reticulate rugose dorsally; propodeum coarsely foveolate.

Wings. Fore wing ( Fig. 28 ): vein 1-M 1.6 × as long as vein 1-SR and 1.2 × vein m-cu; vein cu-a slightly antefurcal and subvertical; vein 2-SR 1.5 × as long as vein r; pterostigma rather directly narrowed apically, 5.0 × as long as wide; vein r ends near level of apex of pterostigma ( Fig. 28 ); vein 1-SR 1.3 × as long as parastigmal vein; basal 0.3 of vein 3-CU1 tubular, remainder largely nebulous, apically distinctly widened.

Legs. Hind coxa 2.2 × as long as wide (in latero-dorsal view; Fig. 31 ; in other males up to 2.6 x), flat area and laterally densely aciculate and remainder regularly transversely rugose; hind femur ( Fig. 27 ) strongly swollen, shiny, densely aciculate-coriaceous and with 2 large ventral teeth; hind tibia 1.1 × as long as hind femur, basal narrow part 1.1 × as long as widened part; outer side of hind tibia aciculate-coriaceous and ventrally with some oblique carinae; widened part of inner side distinctly V-shaped depressed subbasally and densely setose apically; ventral length of hind basitarsus 3.4 × as long as its apical width.

Metasoma. First tergite coarsely reticulate rugose basally and remainder rather finely transversely rugose, 4.7 × as long as its maximum width ( Fig. 30 ), 1.7 × as second tergite and 0.7 × as second and following tergites combined; second tergite basally rugulose, remainder of metasoma superficially micro-reticulate; pygidial process distinct and tubular apically ( Fig. 34 ); parameres convex, densely and moderately long setose (cf. Fig. 86 ).

Colour. Black; four basal antennal segments, palpi and frons brownish yellow; face, temple ventrally, and temple near eye, streak up to vertex, base of middle tibia and basitarsus, pale yellowish ( Figs 27 , 29 ); temple posteriorly, fore leg (except coxa up to base of femur), reminder of middle tibia and tarsus, middle femur anteriorly, narrow part of hind tibia, hind tarsus and base of second tergite mainly orange brown; pterostigma (but base narrowly ivory) and veins dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline.

Variation. Length of fore wing 6.0– 8.5 mm, and of body 9.1–11.6 mm; hind coxa 2.2–2.6 × longer than its maximum width; whitish basal part of pterostigma is sometimes more conspicuous than shown in Fig. 28 ; narrow part of hind tibia orange or dark brown.

Distribution. China (Zhejiang, * Liaoning).

Notes. Chen et al. (2016) associated a male with this species and described it. Now we have a reared series of P. brevicoxalis with both sexes, it is obviously the incorrect male, because the reared males fit much better with the key characters of the female holotype (as elucidated above in the key). Therefore, we describe below for the first time the male of this species. For the male described by Chen et al. (2016a) see P. evexus .

Figures

FIGURE 27. Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong et al., ♂, China (Liaoning), habitus, lateral aspect.

FIGURES 18–26. Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong et al., ♀, holotype. 18, fore wing; 19, pronotum, lateral aspect; 20, pronotum, dorsal aspect; 21, hind coxa, dorso-lateral aspect; 22, pygidial area at apex of metasoma, dorsal aspect; 23, hind femur and tibia, lateral aspect; 24, head, anterior aspect; 25, head, dorsal aspect; 26, head, lateral aspect. From: Hong et al. (2011).

FIGURES 28–34. Parastephanellus brevicoxalis Hong et al., ♂, China (Liaoning). 28, wings; 29, head, lateral aspect; 30, first metasomal tergite, dorsal aspect; 31, hind coxa, dorso-lateral aspect; 32, head, anterior aspect; 33, head, dorsal aspect; 34, hind leg, lateral aspect.

FIGURES 85–91. Parastephanellus yixiwui sp. n., ♂, paratype. 85, head, lateral aspect; 86, genitalia and pygidial process, dorsal aspect; 87, genitalia, ventral aspect; 88, head, anterior aspect; 89, head, dorsal aspect; 90, hind leg, lateral aspect; 91, base of antenna.