Pseudosaldula yungas, Schuh & Polhemus, 2009

Schuh, RT & Polhemus, JT, 2009, Revision And Analysis Of Pseudosaldula Cobben (Insecta: Hemiptera: Saldidae): A Group With A Classic Andean Distribution, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2009 (323), pp. 1-102 : 66-69

Pseudosaldula yungas , new species Plate 5; figures 1 , 3 , 20 ; map 14

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the campanulate pronotum with strongly concave lateral margin, the vestiture of the hemelytra composed of long, erect, black simple setae as seen in lateral view, and the large size. Most similar in pronotal structure to P. antioquia and P. saxicola , but the former species consistently smaller, with only black, suberect, simple setae of moderate length on the hemelytra, and with a more northerly distribution, and the latter species of similar size and distribution but with reclining, mostly golden setae of moderate length on the dorsum.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Total length 4.31, width pronotum 1.43. COLORATION (pl. 5): Hemelytron dark, with several pale maculations, including a contrasting ivory maculation apically on the exocorium; membrane cells partially darkened; antennal segment 1 pale to moderately darkened, segments 2–4 more strongly darkened, often black; legs, including coxae, largely pale, with some dark spots on femora and darkened areas on femora and tibiae; apex of foretibia with a narrow, contrasting dark band. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (pl. 5): Hemelytron smooth and dull, except posteri- or two-fifths of endocorium between cubital and radial veins and adjacent small area on exocorium polished and weakly shining; area of claval commissure narrowly polished on anterior half; hemelytron without pruinose areas. Vestiture of dorsum composed of moderately long, suberect, dark setae; membrane with sparse dark setae on veins. STRUCTURE (pl. 5): Known only from macropterous forms, body broadest at about level of midpoint of claval commissure, not so distinctly ovoid as in most Pseudosaldula spp . Thorax: Pronotum campanulate, lateral margins strongly concave. Hemelytra: Cells of membrane always fully formed. GENITALIA ( figs. 1 , 3 , 20A–C ): Parandria ( fig. 1 ): Inner sclerotized margin nearly straight; posterior margin straight. Parameres: Processus sensualis with,40 setae,

body of paramere at level of processus sensualis distinctly broadened.

Female (pl. 5): Total length 4.21, width pronotum 1.52. COLORATION (pl. 5): As in male; subgenital plate distally pale, translucent. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (pl. 5): As in male. STRUCTURE: Abdomen: See generic description. GENITALIA: See generic description.

ETYMOLOGY: Named for its occurrence in the Yungas region of Bolivia; a noun in apposition.

HABITAT DATA AND ALTITUDINAL RANGE: Known to occur at altitudes between 1000– 2000 meters. Available habitat data indicate specimens were collected on roadside seeps and near a swift stream, on the sides of boulders in the splash zone of very swift cold and clear stream, and on wet rock face and streamlet.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from Cuzco Department, Peru south to the Yungas region of Bolivia.

DISCUSSION: The holotype and paratypes from the type locality above Yolosa (La Paz) are much larger and darker colored than the specimens from Chapare (Cochabamba). Nonetheless, all specimens possess long erect black setae on the dorsum, in distinct contrast to all specimens we are assigning to P. saxicola .

HOLOTYPE: BOLIVIA: La Paz: 4 km above Yolosa along Rio San Juan , 16.2 ° S 67.74 ° W, 1755 m, 06 Sep 1989, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 13 ( AMNH _ ENT 00023458 ) ( USNM).

PARATYPES: BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Chapare, El Palmar, 17.1 ° S 65.4833 ° W, 1000 m, 10 Jan 1958 – 18 Jan 1958, Monros and Wygodzinsky, 13 ( AMNH _ENT 00023462), 1♀ ( AMNH _ENT 00023463) ( IMLA). La Paz: 2 km E of Estancia La Harca, Zongo Valley, 16.12 ° S 68.03 ° W, 1840 m, 05 Sep 1989, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 33 ( AMNH _ENT 00023736, AMNH _ENT 00023999, AMNH _ ENT 00024001), 2♀ ( AMNH _ENT 000- 23741, AMNH _ENT 00024000) ( AMNH). 53 ( AMNH _ENT 00023725– AMNH _ENT 00023729), 3♀ ( AMNH _ENT 00023738– AMNH _ENT 00023740) ( JTPC). 4 km above Yolosa along Rio San Juan, 16.2 ° S 67.74 ° W, 1755 m, 06 Sep 1989, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 3♀ ( AMNH _ENT 00023459– AMNH _ENT 00023461) ( JTPC). Valle Chuchulluni, centro, 16.06666 ° S 68.03333 ° W, 1800 m, 01 Jun 1980, W.H., 43 ( AMNH _ ENT 00023730– AMNH _ENT 00023733) ( JTPC). Valle de Zongo, Harca Collina, 16.12 ° S 68.03 ° W, 2000 m, W.H., 23 ( AMNH _ENT 00023734, AMNH _ENT 000- 23735) ( JTPC). PERU: Cusco: Aguas Calientes, 15.03194 ° S 71.04972 ° W, 4300 m, 07 Sep 1989, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 53 ( AMNH _ENT 00023737, AMNH _ENT 00024014– AMNH _ENT 00024017), 3♀ ( AMNH _ENT 00024018– AMNH _ENT 00024020) ( JTPC).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: BOLIVIA: La Paz: 2 km E of Estancia La Harca, Zongo Valley, 16.12 ° S 68.03 ° W, 1840 m, 05 Sep 1989, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1 nymph (AMNH_ENT 00024002) (AMNH). PERU: Cusco: Aguas Calientes, 15.03194 ° S 71.04972 ° W, 4300 m, 07 Sep 1989, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 3 nymphs (AMNH_ENT 00024021–AMNH_ENT 00024023) (JTPC).

PART 2: PHYLOGENETIC AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC

ANALYSES

RANDALL T. SCHUH, PAOLA PEDRAZA, AND JOHN T. POLHEMUS

Figures

Map 14. Distribution of Pseudosaldula yungas.

Fig. 1. Parandria of 14 Pseudosaldula spp. and two Saldula spp.

Fig. 3. Parameres of Pseudosaldula perula–yungas. Note: The point of insertion of many setae on the paramere cannot be seen because the paramere is heavily sclerotized and nearly opaque. Setae are therefore not drawn to show their exact distribution in many cases, but only to show their lengths and numbers. Nonetheless, the setae of the processes sensualis are drawn so as to accurately portray their number and distribution.

Fig. 20. Pseudosaldula yungas (scanning electron micrographs). Left paramere. A. Apical view showing comblike arrangement of long setae. B. Medial detail view of setae on processus sensualis. C. Apex of paramere showing short setiform sensors. D. Detail of gland pore on paramere.