Trapeziinae Miers, 1886

Ng, Peter K. L., Ahyong, Shane T. & Castro, Peter, 2023, Re-appraisal of the families and subfamilies of Trapezioidea Miers, 1886, with establishment of a new family, Ectaesthesiidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 71, pp. 606-631 : 620

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.26107/RBZ-2023-0047
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scientific name	Trapeziinae Miers, 1886
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Subfamily Trapeziinae Miers, 1886 View in CoL

Trapeziinae Miers, 1886: 163 View in CoL (in part).

Diagnosis. Carapace trapezoidal, widest anteriorly; antero- and posterolateral margins usually clearly demarcated, sometimes merging gradually, anterolateral margin unarmed or with lateral tooth (excluding outer orbital tooth) ( Fig. 11A View Fig ); front entire to lobate and spinate; posterolateral margin gently concave to gently convex ( Fig. 11A View Fig ); carapace relatively low, dorsal surface gently convex in frontal view; posterior margin of epistome with median lobe distinct, lateral margin relatively short, gently concave, with 2 low triangular lobes, separated by V-shaped cleft from pterygostomial lobe ( Fig. 5B View Fig ). Basal antennal article quadrate, mobile, peduncle excluded from orbit. Maxilliped 3 merus quadrate, as wide as long, as wide as subrectangular ischium at midlength ( Fig. 6B View Fig ). Chelipeds long, slightly heterochelous to homochelous, larger cheliped length about twice carapace width; merus elongated, slender, with sharp spines or denticles on flexor margin; carpus inner angle with or without small spine ( Fig. 11A View Fig ). P2–5 long, longest pereopod shorter than 1.5 times carapace width; merus relatively stout ( Fig. 11A View Fig ). Male thoracic sternum wide, with sternopleonal cavity reaching anteriorly to level of midlength of anterior margin of P2 coxae ( Fig. 7C View Fig ); suture of male thoracic sternites 2, 3 usually visible, sometimes indistinct to absent ( Fig. 7C View Fig ); tubercle of male pleonal-locking mechanism distinct, on anterior third of thoracic sternite 5 or on its posterior edge near suture with sternite 6 ( Fig. 8H View Fig ). Male pleon relatively wide transversely, triangular, lateral margins of somites 3–6 converging, somites 3–5 fused with sutures undiscernible medially ( Figs. 7C View Fig , 8B View Fig ). G1 relatively stout, almost straight to slightly curved; distal margins lined with short spinules ( Fig. 9E View Fig ). G2 about one-third length of G1 ( Fig. 9F View Fig ). Vulva small, round, with flat lateral flexible sternal vulvar cover; vulvae positioned far apart ( Fig. 10C View Fig ).

Genera included. Trapezia Latreille, 1828 .

Remarks. All members of the genus are known from zooxanthellate scleractinian corals, primarily of the family Pocilloporidae ( Castro, 2015) .

References

Castro P (2015) Symbiotic Brachyura. In: Castro P, Davie P, Guinot D, Schram FR & von Vaupel Klein JC (eds.) Treatise on zoology - anatomy, taxonomy, biology. The Crustacea. Decapoda: Brachyura (Part 2), 9 C-II. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 543 - 581.

Latreille PA (1828) Trapezie. In: Entomologie, ou Histoire Naturelle des Crustaces, des Arachnides et des Insectes. Encyclopedie Methodique, Histoire Naturelle, Tome 10. Agasse, Paris, pp. 695 - 696.

Miers EJ (1886) Part II. - Report on the Brachyura collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. In: Wyville Thomson C & Murray J (eds.) Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876 under the command of Captain George S. Nares, N. R., F. R. S. and the late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R. N. prepared under the Superintendence of the late Sir C. Wyville Thomson, Knt., F. R. S. & c. Regius Professor of Natural history in the University of Edinburgh of the civilian scientific staff on board and now of John Murray one of the naturalists of the Expedition. Zoology, Published by Order of Her Majesty's Government, London, Edinburgh and Dublin, vol. XVII (XLIX), l [= 50] + 362 pp., pls. I - XXIX.

Figures

Fig. 11. Dorsal habitus (A, B, E, F, I–K); cephalothorax anterior view (C, G, H); D, left P4, ventral view. A, Trapezia cymodoce, male (11.6 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 1999.2385), Singapore; B, Quadrella maculosa, male (7.2 × 6.1 mm) (ZRC 2003.0352), Sulawesi, Indonesia; C, D, Hexagonaloides bathyalis, holotype male (3.8 × 5.5 mm) (CBM-ZC 9935), Japan); E, G, Calocarcinus africanus, male (12.6 × 9.3 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; F, H, Philippicarcinus oviformis, male (16.0 × 11.3 mm) (ZRC 2009.0058), Philippines; I, Domecia acanthophora, male (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; J, Cherusius triunguiculatus (6.4 × 4.6 mm) (ZRC 2016.0121), Easter Island; K, Palmyria palmyrensis (4.9 × 3.4 mm) (UF 12897), Réunion. Scale = 0.5 mm. (C, after Komai et al., 2010: fig. 2B; D, courtesy of T. Komai).

Fig. 5. Frontal view of cephalothorax showing epistome, orbits, antennules, and antenna. A, Tetralia cinctipes, male (9.5 × 9.5 mm) (ZRC 2019.0701), Japan; B, Trapezia cymodoce, male (11.6 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 1999.2385), Singapore; C, Sphenomerides trapezioides, male (7.8 × 5.9 mm) (ZRC 2000.2103), Madagascar; D, Calocarcinus africanus, male (9.3 × 7.2 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; E, Domecia acanthophora, male (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; F, Cherusius triunguiculatus, female (6.4 × 4.6 mm) (ZRC 2016.0121), Easter Island.

Fig. 6. Right maxilliped 3 (A–F); right major chela (G, H). A, G, Tetralia cinctipes, male (9.5 × 9.5 mm) (ZRC 2019.0701), Japan; B, Trapezia cymodoce, male (11.6 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 1999.2385), Singapore; C, Quadrella maculosa, male (7.2 × 6.1 mm) (ZRC 2003.0352), Sulawesi, Indonesia; D, Sphenomerides trapezioides, male (7.8 × 5.9 mm) (ZRC 2000.2103), Madagascar; E, Calocarcinus africanus, male (9.3 × 7.2 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; F, Domecia acanthophora, male (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; H, Tetraloides heterodactylus, male (7.6 × 7.1 mm) (ZRC 2019.0699), Japan.

Fig.7. Male anterior thoracic sternum and pleon.A,Tetralia cinctipes (9.5 × 9.5 mm) (ZRC 2019.0701), Japan; B, Tetraloides heterodactylus (7.6 × 7.1 mm) (ZRC 2019.0699), Japan; C, Trapezia cymodoce (11.6 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 1999.2385), Singapore; D, Quadrella maculosa (7.2 × 6.1 mm) (ZRC 2003.0352), Sulawesi, Indonesia; E, Sphenomerides trapezioides (7.8 × 5.9 mm) (ZRC 2000.2103), Madagascar; F, Calocarcinus africanus (9.3 × 7.2 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; G, Philippicarcinus oviformis (16.0 × 11.3 mm) (ZRC 2009.0058), Philippines; H, Domecia acanthophora (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; I, Cherusius triunguiculatus (4.7 × 3.9 mm) (ZRC 2016.0121), Easter Island.

Fig. 8. Posterior part of male thoracic sternum and pleon (A–F); sternopleonal cavity showing tubercle of pleonal-locking mechanism on sternite 5 (G–L). A, G, Tetralia cinctipes, male (9.5 × 9.5 mm) (ZRC 2019.0701), Japan; B, Trapezia cymodoce (11.6 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 1999.2385), Singapore; C, I, Quadrella maculosa (7.2 × 6.1 mm) (ZRC 2003.0352), Sulawesi, Indonesia; D, J, Sphenomerides trapezioides (7.8 × 5.9 mm) (ZRC 2000.2103), Madagascar; E, Calocarcinus africanus (9.3 × 7.2 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; F, L. Domecia acanthophora (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; H, Tetraloides heterodactylus (7.6 × 7.1 mm) (ZRC 2019.0699), Japan; K, Calocarcinus africanus (12.6 × 9.3 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia.

Fig. 9. Left G1 and G2, pleonal view. A, B, Tetralia cinctipes (9.5 × 9.5 mm) (ZRC 2019.0701), Japan; C, D, Tetraloides heterodactylus (7.6 × 7.1 mm) (ZRC 2019.0699), Japan; E, F,Trapezia cymodoce (11.6 × 9.9 mm) (ZRC 1999.2385), Singapore; G, H, Quadrella maculosa (7.2 × 6.1 mm) (ZRC 2003.0352), Sulawesi, Indonesia; I, J, Sphenomerides trapezioides (7.8 × 5.9 mm) (ZRC 2000.2103), Madagascar; K, L, Calocarcinus africanus (12.6 × 9.3 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; M, N, Philippicarcinus oviformis (16.0 × 11.3 mm) (ZRC 2009.0058), Philippines; O, P, Domecia acanthophora (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; Q, R, Cherusius triunguiculatus (4.7 × 3.9 mm) (ZRC 2016.0121), Easter Island. A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, left G1; B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, left G2.

Fig. 10. Vulvae. A, Tetralia nigrolineata (9.8 × 8.6 mm) (ZRC 2019.0701), Japan; B, Tetraloides heterodactylus (8.3 × 6.7 mm) (ZRC 2019.0699), Japan; C, Trapezia cymodoce (12.2 × 10.1 mm) (ZRC 2007.0079), Singapore; D, Quadrella maculosa (5.9 × 5.0 mm) (ZRC 2003.0352), Sulawesi, Indonesia; E, Sphenomerides trapezioides (7.5 × 5.7 mm) (ZRC 2000.2103), Madagascar; F, Calocarcinus africanus (12.0 × 10.1 mm) (ZRC 2008.1281), New Caledonia; G, Philippicarcinus oviformis (14.5 × 10.0 mm) (ZRC 2009.0058), Philippines; H, Domecia acanthophora (7.4 × 5.4 mm) (ZRC 2000.1551), Caribbean Sea, Panama; I, Cherusius triunguiculatus (6.4 × 4.6 mm) (ZRC 2016.0121), Easter Island; J, Palmyria palmyrensis (4.9 × 3.4 mm) (UF 12897), Réunion.