Isophya kraussii kraussii Brunner

Iorgu, Ionuţ Ştefan & Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, 2013, The bush-cricket Isophya kraussii (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae): bioacoustics, distribution and description of a new subspecies from Romania, Zootaxa 3640 (2), pp. 258-269 : 259-260

Isophya kraussii kraussii Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878

( Figs. 1 a , b; 2 a, c, e, g, i, k, m, o, q; 3 a, b; 4 a, b, c, d, i, j, k, l, q; 5)

Material. 2 ♂, Germany: Bayern, Ailsbachtal, Fraenk. Schweiz, 49°48'N, 11°20'E, 1981.06.25 ( CH 1897, CH 1898); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Germany: Bayern, Altheim westl. Neustadt/Aisch, 49°33'N, 10°29'E, 1984.06.0 5 ( CH 1904– 7,); 1 ♂, Germany: Bayern, Burg Frankenberg, Mittelfranken, 49°34'N, 10°15'E, 1985.05.26 ( CH 2339); 1 ♂ 2 ♀, Germany: Bayern, Obernesselbach, Mittelfranken, 49°35'N, 10°28'E, 1987.07.0 7 ( CH 2633–5,); 3 ♂ 3♀, Germany: Bayern, Pretzfeld östl. Forchheim, 49°45'N, 11°10'E, 1987.07.12 ( CH 2415–20,); 1 ♀, Germany: Bayern, Petersberg bei Bad Windsheim, 49°29'N, 10°27'E, 1987.07.16 ( CH 2632); 1 ♂, Germany: Bayern, Kaubenheim, Mittelfranken, 49°32'N, 10°27'E, 1987 ( CH 2414); 1 ♂ 1♀, Germany: Bayern, Spielberg bei Bad Windsheim, 49°31'N, 10°25'E, 1983.06.0 1 ( CH 0402, CH 1903); 2 ♂ 1 ♀, Germany: Bayern 1986, CHX116–8; 1 ♂, Germany: Bayern, Ebermannstadt, 49°47'N, 11°11'E, 1986.05.01–31, coll. H. Kriegbaum ( CH 1285); 6 ♂ 4 ♀, Germany: Bayern, Würzburg, 49°47'N, 9°6'E, 1981.05.25–06.03, coll. R. Hess ( CH 0445–8,, CH 0461–2, CH 1899–, 1902,); 1 ♂, Germany: Bayern, Forchheim, 49°44'N, 11°5'E, 1996, coll. Ch. Voigt ( CH 4450); 4 ♂, Germany: Bayern, Forchheim, 49°44'N, 11°5'E, 1996.06.01–07.30, coll. Ch. Voigt ( CH 4451, CH 4508–10,); 1 gynandromorph, Germany: Bayern, Münnerstadt, 1982.06.01–30 (CHY040); 2 ♂ 2 ♀, Germany: Hessen, Rhön, Bad Hersfeld, 50°52'N, 9°42'E, 1950–1970, coll. F. Merkel ( CH 7526–9,); 1 ♀, Germany: Bayern, Hammelburg, 50°7'N, 9°54'E, 1970.06.28, coll. F. Merkel ( CH 7534); 2 ♂, Slovenia: 20 km südwestl Ptuj or Kocara National Park, 46°15'N, 15°51'E, 1989.06.22 ( CH 2421, CH 2553), all coll. Heller; 1 ♂, Czech Republic: Pod. Milesovkon, 1953.06.0 9 (CHX214); 1 ♀, Czech Republic: Altvater–Kenit?, 50°5'N, 17°14'E, 1932.07.28, coll. F. Merkel ( CH 7535); 2 ♂ 1 ♀, Hungary: Bükk–Miskolc, Gerepfalu, 48°4'N, 20°38'E, 1996.06.18, coll. von Helversen ( CH 4512–3, CH 5071); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Croatia: Krapina bei Ptuj, 46°9'N, 15°52'E, 1988.05.01–06.30, coll. O. v. Helversen ( CH 2907–8;); 1 ♂, Poland: Wotosate, Bieszczady National Park, 49°4'N, 22°41'E, 2000.07.0 1, coll. J. Theuerkauf ( CH 6323); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Poland: Schlesien, Bolkenhain, 50°55'N, 16°5'E, 400 m, 1938.07.19–20, coll. F. Merkel ( CH 7530–1,); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Poland: Schlesien, Sylsterwitzer Wiesen am Zobten, 50°51'N, 16°42'E, 340 m, 1933.06.0 3, coll. F. Merkel ( CH 7532–3,); 1 ♂, Poland: Schlesien, Hindenburgbaude bei Reinerz, 50°24'N, 16°23'E, 1934.06.30, coll. F. Merkel ( CH 7536); all in collection Heller, except CHX214, 16–8 and CHY040.

Audio recordings. ISKR8101–6 ( CH 0445); ISKR8107–9, ISKR8112 ( CH 1900); ISKR8110–11 ( CH 1899); ISKR8401–8 ( CH 1904); ISKR8611–16 (CHX116); ISKR8617–18 (CHX117); ISKR8801–19 ( CH 2907) (KGH); Bellmann_61Arten_7_Plumpschrecke (Bellmann 1993); NPR Praděd, CHKO Jeseníky, 27.VII.2005, 30°C (Kočárek 2005); 0 0 3 Isophya kraussii _1–4_S.wav; 0 0 3 Isophya kraussii _5–7_ US _S.wav; 0 0 3 Isophya kraussii _Os_a–b_S.wav (Roesti & Keist 2009).

Bioacoustics. Males produce a soft song (at least for the human ear) by tegmino–tegminal stridulation, consisting of a long sequence of syllables ( Fig. 4 a–d, i–l; table 2). A syllable is formed of a compact series of 80– 125 impulses, lasting for about 250–443 ms (up to 600 ms in recordings from Roesti & Keist 2009), followed after 41–183 ms by one (rarely 2–7) after–clicks (n=200 syllables from 9 males). The relatively short syllables recorded in the song of some males from Jeseníky Mountains (N Morava) may be the effect of the high temperature (30°C) during recording (Kočárek 2005). The impulse interval is highly variable, 2–9 ms. The following syllable begins after 58–297 ms. During pair formation, females may respond acoustically to males with simple clicks (Heller 1990). Spectrographic sound analysis reveals frequencies between 20–40 kHz ( Fig. 4 q).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Sound analysis in Isophya kraussii kraussii (a – d, i – l, q) and Isophya kraussii moldavica ssp. n. (e – h, m – p, r): a – h, male song oscillogram; i – p, detailed syllable oscillogram; q, r, spectrum (a, i, light blue line, Würzburg, Germany, 23.5 ºC (ISKR 8109); b, j, brown line, Altheim W Neustadt / Aisch, Germany, 21.5 ºC (ISKR 8401); c, k, black line, Nordbayern, Germany, 27 ºC (ISKR 8613); d, l, purple line, Krapina, Ptuj, Croatia, 26 ºC (ISKR 8813); e, m, red line, Adâncata, Romania, 24 ºC; f, n, green line, Arbore, Romania, 17 ºC; g, o, dark blue line, Putna, Romania, 22 ºC; h, p, orange line, Vârfu Dealului, Romania, 22 ºC).

FIGURE 1. a. Isophya kraussii kraussii male (Germany, Bayern, Ailsbachtal, 1981.06. 21, KGH); b. I. kraussii kraussii gynandromorph specimen (Germany, Bayern, Münnerstadt, 1982.06. 30, KGH); c. I. kraussii moldavica ssp. n. male (Romania, Hilişeu – Crişan, 2012.06. 25, IIŞ); d. I. kraussii moldavica ssp. n. female (Romania, Hilişeu – Crişan, 2012.06. 25, IIŞ); e. habitat at Adâncata, Romania, 2011.06. 24 (IIŞ); habitat at Arbore, Romania, 2011.06. 24 (IIŞ).