Bengalia tibiaria Villeneuve, 1926

Rognes, Knut, 2012, 3553, Zootaxa 3553, pp. 1-79 : 49-57

7. Bengalia tibiaria Villeneuve, 1926

Figs. 140–173.

? Bengalia depressa: Villeneuve, 1913a: 153 , lines 9–13; female only. Misidentification, not depressa Walker. More on this in a note at the end of the section Diagnosis, female, below.

Bengalia tibiaria Villeneuve, 1926: 69 . Holotype male (MRAC, examined), by monotypy. Type locality: Democratic Republic of Congo, Beni à Lesse. [For a discussion of the confusion concerning the status of this and another specimen identified by Villeneuve as B. tibiaria , see below under Type material.]

Bengalia cuthbertsoni Zumpt, 1956: 171 . Holotype male (NMSA, examined), by original designation. Type locality: Zimbabwe, Balla-Balla. Syn. nov.

Bengalia cuthbertsoni: Zumpt 1956: 174 . Zambia (Ndola), South Africa (Pretoria). Material not seen.

Bengalia tibiaria: Zumpt 1956: 164 , 174. Erroneous entry in synonymy with B. depressa .

Bengalia tibiaria: Zumpt 1962b: 240 . Democratic Republic of Congo (Rutshuru). Specimen examined.

Bengalia tibiaria: Zumpt & Stimie 1965: 8 . A single male from Zimbabwe (Mapembe). Not examined.

Bengalia cuthbertsoni: Pont 1980: 791 . Catalogue entry.

Bengalia tibiaria: Pont 1980: 791 . Catalogue entry.

Afridigalia cuthbertsoni: Lehrer 2005: 31 . Namibia [a specimen with several labels, one of which is stated to read “… S.W. Africa (W48), Komba, 1–6.IV.1972 ”, is miscited to be from Madagascar by Lehrer; the locality name must refer to Kombat in Namibia], Zambia (same specimen from Ndola as reported earlier by Zumpt). Not seen.

Afridigalia tibiaria: Lehrer 2005: 73 . Democratic Republic of Congo (Beni à Lesse, Rutshuru). Both specimens examined. Lehrer gives the capture date of the Beni à Lesse specimen as “fin IV 1911 ”, but this is an error (cf. Fig. 153).

Bengalia cuthbertsoni: Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs 2006: 60 , 109. Namibia and Zimbabwe. I have examined all the material identified by Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs as B. cuthbertsoni ( Namibia and Zimbabwe), which includes several dissected specimens, both by Kurahashi and by myself.

Bengalia floccosa: Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs 2006: 61 , 109. Misidentifications, not floccosa Wulp. I have examined all their material from Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe which include material dissected both by the authors and by myself. For details, see Discussion, below.

Bengalia gaillardi: Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs 2006: 62 . Misidentifications, not gaillardi Surcouf & Guyon , which apply to 1 male from Salambala forest (dissected by Kurahashi), 1 male from Hamoye Nat. Forest, 4 males and 4 females from Nama and 1 male from 10km W of Dussi (all in Namibia).

Bengalia cuthbertsoni: Rognes 2006: 468 .

Bengalia cuthbertsoni: Rognes 2009: 14–15 .

Bengalia tibiaria: Rognes 2009: 14–15 .

Diagnosis. The safest and simplest way to identify males of this species is to look at the shape of the distal finger in dorsal view. Females are easily identified on the presence of stiff spinous setae on an elongate and upturned ovipositor tip, in combination with presence of usual weak setae on the hind and lateral margins of ST2–5 (in contrast to B. gaillardi ).

Male. Length: 10–12mm (n=4). Frons at vertex / head width ratio: 0.30–0.33 (mean 0.32, n=4). Males are recognisable by the shape of the ST5 flap in combination with (1) absence of v spine-like setae or presence of very weak and very short such setae in a row on the proximal third of the fore tibia and (2) presence of a long and strongly curved distal finger of the distiphallus.

Anepimeron with pale setulae in lower half or more; a bundle of densely set black setulae dorsally. Fore tibia without or with extremely weak ventral spine-like setae in proximal half. Mid tibia with prolonged setae in distal third ( Fig. 147). Hind tibia with a conspicuous but not very dense fringe of long thin setae on the lower two thirds or lower half of av and v surfaces, not reaching the pv surface.

ST5 flap variable, outer and inner corners of the hind edge usually sharp; the posterior excavation varying from a shallow V (or nick), to a U, to an almost circular hollowing-out with a narrow opening (in holotype of B. cuthbertsoni ). Hind edge of ST5 flap often oblique.

In distiphallus, the upper lip is a horizontal, as seen in lateral view, and semicircular, as seen in dorsal view, projection being very slightly concave below as seen from front. The distal finger clearly visible in lateral view of the distiphallus, not hidden from lateral view by the vertical sheet of sclerotisation passing between the upper lip and base of antler. Distal finger, in dorsal view, a rather long, conspicuously curved horizontal hook, with a deep concavity facing laterally, and with tip pointing at an angle of more than 45 degrees from the longitudinal axis of the distiphallus, its tip being situated outside a line drawn through the base of the distal finger parallel with the longitudinal axis of the distiphallus. Tip of distal finger separated from distal edge of upper lip by a distance about 0.25 of length of finger itself. Antler distally bifurcate ( Fig. 159) with no toothed flange along the anterior side.

Female. Length: 12mm (n=2). Frons at vertex / head width ratio: 0.31–0.34 (mean 0.33, n=2). ST2 with a pair of strong marginal setae, a few weaker setae outside each seta in pair, usually no setae along lateral margin. Strong marginal pair of setae also on ST3 and ST4. In ovipositor T6 confined to sclerotised area around spiracles, marginal setae absent from membrane between T6 halves. T7 narrow sclerotised rods down on the sides of the ovipositor, marginal setae almost meeting in midline. T8 broader rectangular sclerites with marginal setae. ST6 of usual shape, undivided along midline. ST7 a large sclerite, broader than long, with an oval unsclerotised area in middle of front two thirds. ST8 with a very broad triangular basal part, and a vertical, circular distal part with strong setae in a kind of fan below the opening of the vagina. Epiproct and cerci elongate and curving dorsally as seen in lateral view and carrying erect and rather spinous “stiff” setae with thinner setae in between. Similar setae are present on the hypoproct. The cerci appear fused distally, and appear as a shining brown structure with a blunt tip in dorsal view. The ovipositor of B. gaillardi also has a strongly upturned spinous ovipositor tip, but in that species the ST2–5 are quite different. [1 female B. tibiaria dissected; all examined females have a similar ovipositor tip, easily inspected in dried specimens, cf. Fig. 172.]

Both females in NMSA that I have examined (a paratype female of B. cuthbertsoni , and a female from Namibia) have prominent marginals on ST2 like in B. floccosa . I have not dissected any of them. In the paratype the spinous setae on the upturned ovipositor tip are visible and shaped as in Figs. 168–172. In the latter the ovipositor is withdrawn deeply into the abdomen and the tip cannot be observed.

Note. It is possible that Villeneuve (1913a: 153) was actually the first to observe that there are two Afrotropical species where the female has a noteworthy ovipositor tip. After having described the very characteristic “armed” sternites of the female of B. gaillardi, Villeneuve adds: “Cette ♀ [i.e., the female of B. gaillardi ], …, porte en outre une petite tarière absolument pareille à celle d’une autre espèce africaine [my emphasis] si voisine d’aspect et de coloration que je dois la considérer comme Bengalia depressa Walk. ♀ … Cette dernière montre des sternites III et IV du type étroit, elliptiques, non armés; elle est donc facile à distinguer [this ♀, …, has a little sting absolutely similar to the one of another african species so close in aspect and coloration that I ought to consider it as Bengalia depressa Walk. ♀ … This last one displays sternites III et IV of a narrow, elliptical, unarmed type; it is thus easy to distinguish].”. This other species is not B. depressa , as he believed, but possibly B. tibiaria , described in 1926 on the basis of a single male only.

Discussion. The figures of the antler of the distiphallus of A. cuthbertsoni and A. tibiaria by Lehrer (2005: 32 fig. 11C; 74 fig. 32C) are quite misleading for diagnostic purposes, especially the former figure, which bears no resemblance to the true antler.

I have examined all the material misidentified (consistently so) by Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs (2006) as B. floccosa ( Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe). All male specimens lack the strong spine-like setae on fore tibia universally present in B. floccosa , and the tip of the distiphallus of all dissected specimens (by the authors or by myself) shows the characteristic features of B. tibiaria , e.g., the shape of distal finger, easily inspected in dorsal view of the distiphallus. All the females have an upturned somewhat elongate ovipositor tip bearing strong “stiff” spinous setae ( Figs. 168–172), ressembling the one in B. gaillardi , but the latter has quite different vestiture on ST2–5. The abdominal T3–5 are very dark in many specimens, as noted by the authors in key on p. 15, while others have a quite pale abdomen. Their figures 4 and 5 (on p. 17) of the ST5 flap are both representing extremes of the variation of its shape (cf. Figs. 163–165). Some specimens listed by Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs under “ B. gaillardi ” are also misidentified B. tibiaria specimens; for details see Material examined, under NMNW.

Biology. Capture dates for the material I have examined (including Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs’ material) are January–April, July, September–December. Lehrer’s material of B. cuthbertsoni ( Lehrer 2005: 33) is from December and April. The capture date for the holotype of B. tibiaria given by Lehrer (2005: 75) as “fin IV 1911 ”, is erroneous and based on a misreading of a label (cf. Fig. 153).

Distribution. Botswana, * Democratic Republic of Congo, * Namibia, South Africa, * Zambia, * Zimbabwe.

Material examined. Type material. Bengalia tibiaria Villeneuve, 1926 . This nominal species was described by Villeneuve (1926) on the basis of a single male specimen “reçu … du Congo belge ”. Unfortunately Villeneuve gave no further locality or label information about the specimen. Other species described in the same paper from “ Congo Belge / belge” were from localities named “Albertville”, “Beni”, “Mayumbe”, “Beni à Lesse” and “Aberdare Mts”. There are two specimens in MRAC bearing determination labels in Villeneuve’s hand reading “ Bengalia / tibiaria / Typ. Villen.” ( Figs. 153, 154). The problem, then, is to decide beyond any doubt which of these two specimens is the holotype, i.e., the one before Villeneuve when he named B. tibiaria in his 1926 paper.

One specimen is labelled ( Fig. 153) (1) HOLOTYPUS [black print on orange label, also with black frame]; (2) MUSÉE DU CONGO / Beni à Lesse / fin VII-1911 / Dr. Murtula [left hind leg glued to this label]; (3) Bengalia / tibiaria / Typ. Villen. [in Villeneuve’s handwriting]; (4) R. DÉT. / W / 2170 [printed, except for “W” which is handwritten]; (5) Bengalia ♂ / gaillardi S.&G / det. Zumpt 60 [Zumpt’s handwritten label]; (6) Bengalia ♂ / tibiaria Villeneuve, 1926 / HOLOTYPUS / Det. Dr. A.Z.LEHRER / VII.2004; (7) RMCA ENT / 000012153 [printed with black and white QR Code]. It lacks all legs on left side, but mid and hind legs are present on right side.

The second specimen is labelled ( Fig. 154) (1) Rutschuru / 20.IX.- 14 [handwritten]; (2) COLL. MUS. CONGO [printed] / Rutshuru / 20 – IX – 1914 (J. Bequaert) [handwritten]; (3) Bengalia / tibiaria / Typ. Villen. [in Villeneuve’s handwriting]; (4) Bengalia ♂ / tibiaria Villeneuve, 1926 / Det. Dr. A.Z.LEHRER / VII.2004 [pink label, printed]; (5) KR’s determination label as B. tibiaria [printed]. It is staged and in fairly good condition.

Both the Beni à Lesse and the Rutshuru specimens fit the description.

Zumpt (1962b: 240) cited the Rutshuru specimen as the “only specimen known” of B. tibiaria . He had removed the cerci and surstyli and glued them to a card on the pin, but leaving the aedeagus unexamined inside the tip of the abdomen. He figured the ST5 flap (“apical plate”), which was left intact at the abdominal tip, and noted the absence of spine-like setae on the fore tibia (“the totally wanting basal comb of the foretibia”), both of which features he decided made B. tibiaria separate from B. cuthbertsoni . In the legends to his figures of the cerci and surstyli and the ST5 flap ( Zumpt 1962b: 242–243 figs. 5a, 5b) he stated that the Rutshuru specimen was the holotype. It is surprising that Zumpt (1962b) treated the Rutshuru specimen as the only specimen known of B. tibiaria , since in 1960 he had attached his own determination label to the Beni à Lesse specimen, which was bearing an identical Villeneuve “ Bengalia tibiaria ” determination label. However, since Zumpt considered (erroneously) the Beni à Lesse specimen to belong to another taxon, i.e., to B. gaillardi , there may have been, to him, only one B. tibiaria specimen, notwithstanding Villeneuve’s identical B. tibiaria determination labels on two specimens to the contrary.

Zumpt & Stimie (1965: 8) repeated the claim that only the Rutshuru specimen was known of B. tibiaria , before they reported that “Mr. D. M. Cookson has now succeeded in catching a second male at Mapembi, Rhodesia, 9.II.1964 ”. “Mapembi” is the present day Mapembe in Zimbabwe.

Lehrer (2005) examined both specimens, and considered the Beni à Lesse specimen as the holotype, in accordance with the attached holotype label. Not having seen Zumpt’s (1962b) paper, at least to judge from his bibliography ( Lehrer 2005: 186–187), he was apparently unaware of the problems created by Zumpt’s assignment of the Rutshuru specimen as holotype.

The museum holotype label on the Beni à Lesse specimen has several pin holes, indicating it is an old label. In a document in MRAC named “Liste des types déposés dans les collections du MRAC ”, there is an entry (under Diptera Calliphoridae ) for Bengalia tibiaria Villeneuve , with a note reading “Ht ♂. (= T. ♂ unique sans localité)” [Ht = holotype; T. = type] in addition to a short bibliographic reference to the original paper (as “RZBA, 14, 1926, p.69”). However, the decisive clue to which specimen is the holotype resides in the label reading “R. DÉT / W / 2170”. The letters in the fist label line refers to a “Registre Déterminations Entomologiques” in MRAC. In this register there is a handwritten entry line reading (in columns named from left to right “NUMÉRO”, “FAMILLE”, “NOM SPÉCIFIQUE”, “DÉTERMINATEUR, DATE, TYPE): “2170 W” “ Diptera ” “ Bengalia tibiaria Vill. ” “Villeneuve” “Type”. The entry is undated like several entries above and below it, but a previous entry (for “2170 A” with an identification done by Cockerell) on the same page is dated “ XII-1932 ” and a succeeding entry (for “2181 S” with an identification done by Neyrick) is dated “ I – 1933 ”. Thus the entry “2170 W” for the holotype of B. tibiaria was probably made late in 1932 or early 1933. Interestingly, the journal name was Revue Zoologique Africaine (published in Brussels) from 1911–1927 but changed to Revue de zoologie et de botanique Africaines (published in Tervuren, MRAC) in 1928, a name it kept until 1973. Thus the abbreviation “RZBA” is consistent with an entry for B. tibiaria in the “Liste des types déposés dans les collections du MRAC ” (above) made after 1927, even though Villeneuve’s paper was published in the journal under its older name.

According to correspondence between Zumpt and the staff of MRAC during the years 1955–1961, it is also evident that the existence and identity of the Rutshuru specimen of B. tibiaria only came to the knowledge of MRAC after Villeneuve’s death (vide letter from P.L.G. Benoit to F. Zumpt dated 18 October 1955). Villeneuve died in 1944. Thus the Rutshuru specimen cannot ever have been considered to be the specimen that was entered as holotype some time in 1932–1933 into the MRAC registers cited above .

Zumpt apparently was confused by the presence of two specimens with Villeneuve’s determination label and borrowed one or both a few times. After first having entered B. tibiaria as a questionable synonym of B. depressa ( Zumpt 1956: 164, 174) he ended up by (mis)identifying the Beni à Lesse specimen (the holotype) as B. gaillardi and the Rutshuru specimen as “a distinct species” (in letters to Benoit 26 April 1956, and to Basilewsky 3 January 1961).

When I received the holotype from Beni à Lesse all legs on the left side were absent, except for the left hind leg which was glued to label no. 2. On the right side the mid and hind legs were present. Thus the specimen had no fore legs. It had been dissected and figured by Lehrer (2005). On the pin was a Lehrer-type big plastic genitalia vial, but all its contents had dried out. The original fluid appeared to have been absorbed by the inner end of the stopper. The stopper was held in place securely but was removed without damage to the contents of the vial. The dried out genitalia were moved to a big hollow glass vessel and KOH was added. It was possible to ascertain that the aedeagus was identical to the one in B. cuthbertsoni because of the unique shape and size of the distal fingers ( Fig. 162). The surstyli were also straight on the inner side, thus not = B. gaillardi . The left surstylus was covered by a clump of white matter, which, after a while in KOH, loosened from the rest of the hypopygium. The ST5 flap could not be found, even though it had been figured by Lehrer (2005: 74 fig. 32A) to be fairly similar to the one in Fig. 163. The holotype had earlier been identified as B. gaillardi by Zumpt 1960, according to an attached label ( Fig. 153). This is an error since the hind tibia has only an av fringe, and the distiphallus is clearly the same as the one in B. cuthbertsoni Zumpt. The left antler tip (figured by Lehrer 2005: 74 fig. 32C) was at first covered with white matter (not revealing the distal bifurcation), but after 30 hours in KOH and a long stay in water it was possible to remove much of the white dirt. It turned out that the left antler tip was bifurcate, the bifurcation not being visible in lateral, but only in apical view. The right antler tip was intact and with a distal bifurcation, thus with a strong tine in addition to the distal tip, but the main tine was broken near its base ( Fig. 162, magenta arrows). The Rutshuru specimen, when I received it from MRAC, was in good condition, and all legs were intact. It had the cerci and surstyli removed from the dried abdomen and glued to a piece of card by Zumpt. The aedeagus remained inside the abdomen. The ST5 flap was intact in situ. Both the very characteristic ST5 flap, and the cerci and surstyli were illustrated by Zumpt (1962: 242–243 figs. 5a, 5b). Lehrer (2005) did not dissect the abdomen. I have now dissected it, and the aedeagus is identical with the one in the holotypes of both B. tibiaria and B. cuthbertsoni , also with distally bifurcate antlers. The ST5 flap was rather aberrant ( Fig. 165) with only a small V-like incision in the hind margin. The dried T1–5 are now glued to a card and the ST1–5 and genitalia are in glycerol in a glass microvial on the pin.

Bengalia cuthbertsoni Zumpt, 1956 . Bengalia cuthbertsoni was described by Zumpt on the basis of 6 males and 1 female from Balla-Balla in Zimbabwe. The syntypic material was captured in December 1932 and in January and March 1933. I have seen the holotype and a male and female paratype, all in excellent condition, in addition to a microscope slide made of the genitalia of the male paratype examined. Holotype male, in NMSA, labelled (1) Balla-Balla / S. Rhodesia / 29.XII.1932 / A. Cuthbertson [printed on yellowish label, except day and month which are handwritten in pencil; the year is printed as “1931” but the last digit is overwritten in pencil with the digit “2”; above last line is a stippled line across label; on each side of label is a black line]; (2) On path; preys / on ♀ Termites / on old cowdung [handwritten in pencil on red label]; (3) HOLOTYPUS [printed on red label]; (4) Bengalia ♂ / cuthbertsoni n. sp. / det. Zumpt 55 [handwritten by Zumpt]; (5) NMSA-DIP / 17837 [printed; text facing down]; (6) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label]; (7) Dissected / 23.vi.2011 by / K. Rognes [handwritten except for printed last line]. Note. The dried abdominal tergites T1–5 are glued to a card above the labels. The dissected genitalia are in glycerol in a glass microvial on the pin above label no. 7. Paratypes. NMSA: Zimbabwe: [1 male and 1 female]: 1 male labelled (1) Balla- Balla / S. Rhodesia / 9 Jan. 1933 / A. Cuthbertson [printed on yellowish label, except day and month which are handwritten in pencil; the year is printed as “1931” but the last digit is overwritten in pencil with the digit “3”; above last line is a stippled line across label; on each side of label is a black line]; (2) slide 5 [handwritten by Zumpt]; (3) PARATYPE [printed]; 4) Bengalia ♀ / cuthbertsoni n.sp. / det. Zumpt 55 [handwritten by Zumpt]; (5) NMSA-DIP / 17839 [printed; text facing down]; (6) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label]. Note. The specimen has had the genitalia removed, but the ST5 flap is clearly visible. It is shaped as the one in the holotype, thus with an excavation tending to be almost circular, and with a distal “opening” narrower than the deeper part of the excavation. The genitalia have been mounted in Canada balsam on slide no. 5 in NMSA (examined). It is labelled (upper label) Bengalia / cuthbertsoni / Zpt. n.sp.; (lower label) Balla Balla / S. Rhodesia / 9.I.1933 [all text handwritten in Zumpt’s hand]. Under the circular coverglass are the cerci, surstyli and epandrium as a squashed flat unit, and the aedeagus and gonites flattened in left side view. The curved distal fingers and the bifid antlers are clearly visible. 1 female labelled (1) Balla-Balla / S. Rhodesia / 20.XII.1932 / A. Cuthbertson [printed on yellowish label, except day and month which are handwritten in pencil; the year is printed as “1931” but the last digit is overwritten in pencil with the digit “2”; above last line is a stippled line across label; on each side of label is a black line]; (2) 737 [handwritten]; (3) PARATYPE [printed]; (4) Bengalia ♀ / cuthbertsoni n.sp. / det. Zumpt 55 [handwritten by Zumpt]; (5) NMSA- DIP / 17838 [printed; text facing down]; (6) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label]. Tip of ovipositor visible, with “stiff” setae.

Other material. NMNW: Namibia [81 males, 60 females] , Zambia [1 female from 5 km S Choma ] ,

Zimbabwe [7 males and 6 females, all from Vomba Mountain ]. I have examined all material listed by Kurahashi &

Kirk-Spriggs (2006) under B. cuthbertsoni (p. 60, 109; correctly identified) and under B. floccosa (p. 61, 109; all misidentified). All belong to B. tibiaria . Among those listed under B. gaillardi (p. 61–62) 1 male from Salambala forest (dissected by Kurahashi), 1 male from Hamoye Nat. Forest, 4 males and 4 females from Nama, and 1 male from 10km W of Dussi are also B. tibiaria , as evidenced by the lack of spinous setae on the ventral side of the fore tibia in the males, the elongate oval and “unarmed” ST2–4 and the spinous and curved ovipositor tip of the females. I will not repeat the details of these records, but refer to the lists by Kurahashi & Krik-Spriggs (2006). Several specimens had been dissected by Kurahashi when I received the material, and I have dissected some additional specimens. I have given all specimens my identification label. Two females, left as “ Bengalia sp. nr. cuthbertsoni ” by Kurahashi & Kirk-Spriggs (2006: 61), are not included in the above numbers. The one from Mahanene Research station is very pale and has the ovipositor fully extended. The vestiture on the ovipositor tip is white and structurally different from the one usually observed in B. tibiaria females, but the ovipositior sclerites correspond with those on Figs. 168–170. In the specimen from Kubunyana camp, the tip of the ovipositor cannot be observed, and I have not dissected it. The ST2–5 of both females are of the simple oval “unarmed” types, so B. peuhi and B. gaillardi can be excluded. Similarly, the distance between the medial marginal setae of T4 and the presence of both black and pale setulae on the anepimeron preclude any species of the B. spinifemorata species-group. This leaves their identiy most likely as B. tibiaria . NMSA: Namibia [3 males and 1 female]: 1 male labelled (1) SOUTH WEST AFRICA 2115Bd / Omaruru Dist. 25 km. N.W. / Omaruru, 1200m. 5-II-1974 / ME Irwin dry wash in / Acacia covered plain [printed]; (2) ♂ [printed]; (3) Bengalia ♂ / cuthbertsoni Zpt. / det. Zumpt 79 [handwritten]; (4) NMSA-DIP / 17841; (5) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label] (6) KR’s determination label as B. tibiaria . The genitalia have been removed and the epandrial complex is glued to a card above the labels. The dried aedeagus is visible, but the extreme tip of the distiphallus is broken off, one antler visible. The ST5 flap is in situ. It has a U-shaped opening, with no constriction at the hind end. 1 male labelled (1) SOUTH WEST AFRICA 2115Bd / Omaruru Dist. 25 km. N.W. / Omaruru, 1200m. 5-II-1974 / ME Irwin dry wash in / Acacia covered plain [printed]; (2) Bengalia ♂ / cuthbertsoni Zpt. / det. Zumpt 79 [handwritten]; (3) NMSA- DIP / 57893; (5) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label] (6) KR’s determination label as B. tibiaria . The genitalia have been removed and the epandrial complex is glued to a card above the labels. The dried aedeagus is broken near base. The ST5 flap is in situ. It has a U-shaped opening, with no constriction at the hind end of the excavation. 1 male labelled (1) SOUTH WEST AFRICA 2115Bd / Omaruru Dist. 25 km. N.W. / Omaruru, 1200m. 5-II-1974 / ME Irwin dry wash in / Acacia covered plain [printed]; (2) ♂ [printed]; (3) Bengalia ♂ / cuthbertsoni Zpt. / det. Zumpt 79 [handwritten]; (4) NMSA-DIP / 57894; (5) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label]; (6) distal finger / visible [pencil script by KR]; (7) KR’s determination label as B. tibiaria . The genitalia have been removed and the epandrial complex is glued to a card above the labels. The dried aedeagus is visible and complete. Distal fingers, upper lip, antlers are all clearly visible. The ST5 flap is in situ. It has a U-shaped opening, with no constriction at the hind end. 1 female labelled (1) SOUTH WEST AFRICA 2116Ca / Omaruru Dist. 20 km. S.E. / Omaruru, 1580m. 4-II-1974 / ME Irwin sandy plain with / Acacia trees [printed]; (2) ♀ [printed]; (3) Bengalia ♀ / cuthbertsoni Zpt. / det. Zumpt 79 [handwritten]; (4) NMSA-DIP / 17842; (5) NATAL MUSEUM / Pietermaritzburg / South Africa [printed on green label]; (6) KR’s determination label as B. tibiaria . Tip of ovipositor not visible. ZMUC: Namibia: 1 male labelled (1) SOUTH WEST AFRICA 2116Ca / Omaruru Dist. 20km. S.E. / Omaruru, 1580m. 4-II-1974 / L. Lyneborg, sandy plain / with Acacia trees [printed]. Dissected by KR.