Dictyoraphidia veterana ( Scudder, 1890 )

Makarkin, Vladimir N. & Archibald, S. Bruce, 2014, A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha, Zootaxa 3784 (4), pp. 401-444 : 410-412

Dictyoraphidia veterana ( Scudder, 1890)

( Figs 3 , 4 )

Inocellia veterana Scudder, 1890: 156 ; Pl. 14, Fig. 1 ; Handlirsch 1906–1908 [1907]: 907; Cockerell & Custer 1925: 296, 297.

Dictyoraphidia veterana: Handlirsch 1910: 104 ; Cockerell & Custer 1925: 295; Aspöck et al. 1991: 537, 665, Fig. 3047. [ Raphidia ] veterana: Carpenter 1936: 143 –145.

Raphidia veterana: Oswald 1990: 161 ; Engel 2003: 125; Engel 2009: 213 (Tabl. 1); Engel 2011: 79 (Tabl. 2). “ Raphidia veterana” : Engel 2002: 22.

Revised description. Forewing narrow, basal part not preserved; 6 mm long (as preserved; estimated complete length ca. 9 mm), 2.6 mm wide (as preserved; estimated complete length ca. 2.7 mm). Costal space not preserved. ScP relatively long; length from its termination to pterostigma probably less than pterostigma length. One poorly preserved crossvein between ScP, RA at termination of ScP; another crossvein closes pterostigma proximally. Pterostigma rather long; incorporated pterostigmal branches of RA not detected. Posterior trace of RA distad pterostigma zigzagged, with two branches: one closed pterostigma distally, other distad pterostigma. RA space nearly equal in width for most length, with five crossveins (two distad pterostigma). RP with three branches; RP 1 dichotomously branched. RP 2, RP 3 simple. Nine intraradial crossveins irregularly arranged. Five radio-medial crossveins connect RP 1, MA. MA dichotomously branched; one intra-MA crossvein. MP pectinately branched, with two branches; proximal branch deeply forked (alternatively, latter represents anterior trace of CuA). Three intramedian crossveins. Cu, anal veins not preserved. All longitudinal veins (except ScP, proximal RA) strongly zigzagged.

Hind wing 7.3 mm long (as preserved; estimated complete length ca. 8.5 mm), 2.4 mm wide. Costal space narrow. ScP relatively long; length from its termination to pterostigma much less than pterostigma length. Subcostal veinlets simple widely spaced. In subcostal space, two crossveins detected; one near distal termination of ScP; another curved, closes pterostigma proximally. Pterostigma rather long. RA distally zigzagged, with four preserved branches: one incorporated branch not clearly visible; one closed pterostigma distally, other two short, distad pterostigma. Four crossveins between RA, RP; one in middle of pterostigma, two proximad, one distad. Anterior trace of RP shallowly forked distally, with three branches; RP 1 dichotomously branched; RP 2, RP 3 simple. Seven intraradial crossvein detected. Five crossveins between RP, MA; 1r-m short, crossvein-like, slightly curved; connecting RP, MA relatively far distad origin of RP. M forked slightly proximad RP origin. MA deeply forked, at least anterior branch forked (posterior branch not completely preserved). MP pectinately branched, with two simple branches, simple stem. Three intramedian crossveins; one crossvein between branches of MP. Two crossveins between M and Cu/CuA. 1m-cu (‘M5’) short, only slightly oblique; 2m-cu connects M before branching, CuA. CuA simple. CuP, anal veins not preserved. All longitudinal veins (except ScP, proximal RA, CuA) strongly zigzagged.

Type material. PU 6385, EM 1.385, collected by the Princeton Scientific Expedition in 1877, deposited in USNM. A poorly preserved male specimen, consisting today of two isolated parts: (1) an abdomen and incomplete forewing, and (1) a hind wing with hardly visible fragments of another wing which is impossible to identify. Verbatim label data: (1) [typed] “PU 6385 EM 1.385 TYPE / Inocellia veterana Scudder / Florissant Fm., M. Olig. / Florissant, Teller Co, Color. / Princeton Sci. Exped. 1877 / Scudder S. H. 1890, Tertiary / Insects of North America, p. / 156–157, pl. 14 fig. 1 / Princeton University Department of Geology”; (2) [hand written] “EM 1.385 is the type of / Inocellia veterana Scud. / fide Carpenter [’s] letter. / D. Baird 22.iii.1993 ”. The specimen has black ink writing on the rock that says “PU / 6385”, “E M / 1.385.”, and a red label glued to the rock that says “ Type ”.

Type locality. Florissant (precise collecting locality unknown).

Remarks. The holotype was more complete when Scudder (1890: Pl. 14, Fig. 1 ) described the species. It has been damaged since then, with a rather large potion now missing ( Fig. 3 A).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Wing venation of the Jurassic Mesoraphidiidae. A, Mesoraphidia inaequalis Martynov, 1925 (Late Jurassic of Karatau, Kazakhstan), forewing. B, same, hind wing. Re-drawn with slight simplification from Martynov 1925 b. Fused veins are shown by red lines. Identity of the vein stub labeled “? ” in basal-most part of forewing is unknown. Both wings are shown with apex to right. No scale provided or pterostigma shown in original figure.

FIGURE 3. Dictyoraphidia veterana (Scudder, 1890). Holotype PU 6385, EM 1.385. A, the specimen as preserved today. B, forewing. C, hind wing. FW, forewing; HW, hind wing. Scale bars = 4 mm (B, C to scale).

FIGURE 4. Dictyoraphidia veterana (Scudder, 1890). Wing venation of the holotype PU 6385, EM 1.385. A, forewing. B, hind wing. Scale bar = 4 mm.