Cortinarius chailluzii Frøslev & T. S. Jeppesen, 2006

Frøslev, Tobias G., Jeppesen, Thomas S. & Laessøe, Thomas, 2006, Seven new calochroid and fulvoid species of Cortinarius, Mycological Research 110, pp. 1046-1058 : 1051

Cortinarius chailluzii Frøslev & T. S. Jeppesen , sp. nov.

MycoBank no.: MB 500728

( Figs 1B , 2B , 3B & 4B )

Etym.: chailluzii (Latin), after Forêt du Chailluz.

Pileo 38–65 mm lato, hemisphaerico, dein plano-convexo, glutinoso, primo luteo, dein brunneo, margine luteo, KOH ope roseo. Lamellis griseo-violaceis. Stipite 40– 60 X 8–15 mm, bulboso, bulbo marginato, pallido, interdum in apice violaceo. Margine bulbi e velo pallido vel brunneo. Facie externa mycelioque albida, KOH ope roseo. Carne albida, sapore miti, odore nullo, KOH ope nullo vel pallido rosea. Sporis amygdaliformibus vel limoniformibus, grosse verrucosis, 9.5– 10 X 5.5–6.5 µm.

Typus: France: Doubs: Forêt du Chailluz , Quercus spp. and Carpinus betulus, 16 Oct. 2000, T. G. FrØslev & T. S. Jeppesen, TSJ2000-085 ( C - holotypus).

Pileus 38–65 mm, hemispherical then plano-convex, glabrous, glutinous, margin yellow (2A4–2A5), towards centre soon becoming more or less brown (6D6–6D7–7D7). Lamellae emarginate, greyish violet (17A2–17A2), most coloured towards the edge. Stipe 40– 60 X 8–15 mm, with a marginate bulb (– 35 mm), whitish, sometimes with a fugacious violaceous tinge in the upper part. Bulbipellis and mycelium white, bulb margin (veil) stains brown (6D6-6D7). Context whitish. Taste mild and smell neutral to slightly earth-like. Spores narrowly amygdaliform to slightly citriform with narrow apex, with coarse ornament, 9.5–10(–10.5) X 5.5–6.5 µm, average 10.1 ± 0.3 X 5.7 ± 0.3 µm; Q ¼ 1.77 ± 0.10.

Chemical reactions: KOH on pileipellis brick-red (9C8) to red brown (9E8) within 60 s, darkest on centre, on bulbipellis pastel red (9A4–9A5), in context negative to very weak rose.

Habitat: Frondose forests with Fagus sylvatica, Carpinus betulus and Quercus spp. At the type locality we also found C. nymphicolor , C. arcuatorum , C. citrinus and C. xanthophyllus .

Observations/Discussion: C. chailluzii is recognised by the bright yellow pileus margin, which contrasts the brown centre, recalling the oxidation seen in several fulvoid species, and distinguishing it from C. cisticola , which has a more uniformly coloured pileus. Other similar species have either a negative reaction (C. calochrous, C. ochraceopallescens etc.) or an intense pink KOH reaction ( C. catharinae ) on the bulbipellis. Microscopically, it occupies an intermediate position ( Figs 2 and 3B ), and with the limited knowledge of its variation it might be difficult to separate from several others on microscopy alone. Presently, we only know this species from two collections including the type. The collection published under the name C. caroli in Consiglio et al. (2004) has an identical ITS sequence and morphology and represents the second record of this species. (For a discussion of the binomial C. caroli see the discussion under C. cisticola .) The species is named after the forest where we first found it, Forêt du Chailluz, in Doubs, France. As we have only encountered the species once ourselves among many hundred collections of calochroid species, it seems probable that the species is very rare in the investigated area. An ITS sequence from the holotype of C. chailluzii is available at GenBank (accession DQ323962 ).

Additional specimens examined: Italy: Emilia-Romagna: Bologna, Monterenzio , Ronchi , in mixed forest with Quercus pubescens and Q. cerris, 8 Oct. 1996, G. Consiglio & G. Spisni, 96216 (as C. caroli ) (hb. Consiglio).

Figures

Fig 1 – Fruit bodies of the new species of Cortinarius. (A) C. albertii, TF2000-058 (holotype). (B) C. chailluzii, TSJ2000-085 (holotype). (C) C. cisticola, TSJ2002-081 (holotype). (D) C. langeorum, TF2000-012 (holotype). (E) C. sancti-felicis, TSJ2002-072 (holotype). (F) C. selandicus, TF2004-104 (holotype). (G) C. vesterholtii, TT1997-009 (holotype). Photographs A, D and G by T.G.F., B, C, E and F by T.S.J.

Fig 2 – Basidiospores. (A) Cortinarius albertii, TF2000-058 (holotype). (B) C. chailluzii, TSJ2000-085 (holotype). (C) C. cisticola, TSJ2002-081 (holotype). (D) C. langeorum, TF2000-012 (holotype). (E) C. sancti-felicis, TSJ2002-072 (holotype) (F) C. selandicus, TF2004-104 (holotype). (G) C. vesterholtii, TT1997-009 (holotype). (H) C. catharinae, TF2004-105. Scale bar = 10 Mm in each case.

Fig 3 – Spore scatter diagrams with each point representing average spore size of single collections. (A) Cortinarius albertii and C. catharinae (B) C. calochrous, C. catharinae, C. chailluzii, C. cisticola and C. sublilacinopes. (C) C. vesterholtii, C. insignibulbus, C. nymphicolor, C. parasuaveolens, C. sanctifelicis and C. selandicus.

Fig 4 – Fruit body habit of the new Cortinarius species. C. albertii, TF2000-058 (holotype). (B) C. chailluzii, TSJ2000- 085 (holotype). (C) C. cisticola, TSJ2002-081 (holotype). (D) C. langeorum, TSJ2003-057 (middle) and TSJ1999-089. (E) C. sancti-felicis, TSJ2002-072 (holotype). (F) C. vesterholtii, TSJ1999-039 (right) and TF2004-101. Drawn to scale. Scale bar = 1 cm in each case.