Perrona emmae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard & Janssen, Ronald, 2022, The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera, Zootaxa 5123 (1), pp. 1-172 : 121-122

Perrona emmae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891)

Figs 36A 1 –A 3 , B 1 –B 3 , C 1 –C 3 , D 1 –D 3 , 4N

Pleurotoma pretiosa Bell. — Hörnes 1854: 348, pl. 38, figs 9a–b [non Perrona pretiosa ( Bellardi, 1847) ].

Clavatula Emmae —Hoernes 1891: 127 [nomen nudum].

* Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Emmae nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 361, pl. 48, figs 1–3.

Clavatula emmae Hö. Au. — Boettger 1902: 48.

Clavatula emmae Hö. Au. — Boettger 1906: 63.

Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Emmae Hörnes & Auinger —Schaffer 1907: 225.

Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Emmae Hörnes & Auinger — Schaffer 1908: 10.

Clavatula letkésensis n. sp. — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1953: 13, pl. 2, figs 13–14.

Clavatula (Clavatula) emmae (R. Hörn. Auing.) — Sieber 1956: 245.

Perrona (P.) emmae (R. Hörn. Auing.) — Sieber 1958b: 150.

P [errona]. (P [errona]) emmae (R. Hörn et Au.) — Sieber 1958a: 157.

Clavatula (Perrona) emmae Hoernes und Auinger 1891 —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 199, pl. 48, fig. 2.

? Clavatula (Perrona) emmae Hoernes et Auinger — Ionesi & Nicorici 1994: 60, pl. 3, figs 15–16.

Clavatula letkésensis Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1953 — Pálfy et al. 2008: 105.

Perrona emmae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) — Landau et al. 2013: 291.

Perrona letkesensis ( Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1953) — Kovács & Vicián 2021: 146, pl. 3, fig. 17.

Type material. Lectotype designated herein: NHMW 1949 /0005/0113a, SL: 48.8 mm, MD: 19.8 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 48, fig. 3), figs 36A 1 –A 3 . Paralectotypes: NHMW 1949 /0005/0113b, SL: 41.2 mm , MD: 15.1 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 48, figs 2a–b), figs 36B 1 –B 3 ; NHMW 1949 /0005/0113c, SL: 32.0 mm , MD: 12.0 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 48, figs 1a–c) ; NHMW 2021 /0127/0005, Enzesfeld ( Austria), SL: 35.7 mm , MD: 13.1 mm, fig. 4N.

Illustrated material. NHMW 1855/0045/0140, SL: 57.3 mm, MD: 20.7 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 38, figs 9a–b), figs 36C 1 –C 3; NHMW 2013/0479/1523, SL: 55.4 mm, MD: 20.8 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), figs 36D 1 –D 3.

Additional studied material. NHMW 2013/0078/0437, 1 spec., Baden ( Austria), NHMW 2013/0479/2035, 2 spec., Gainfarn ( Austria); NHMW 1997z0178/1137, 5 spec., Gainfarn ( Austria); NHMW 1997z0178/1458, 5 spec., Gainfarn ( Austria); NHMW 1846/0037/0332, 10 spec., Enzesfeld ( Austria); NHMW A 1376, 5 spec., Enzesfeld ( Austria); NHMW 2019/0151/0124, 3 spec., Letkés ( Hungary); M.61.4373, SL: 40 mm, MD: 18.5 mm, Letkés ( Hungary), holotype of Clavatula letkésensis Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1953 , illustrated in Csepreghy-Meznerics (1953, pl. 2, figs 13–14), stored in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest ( Hungary),

Revised description. Shell medium-sized, solid, fusiform with conical spire and convex whorls; apical angle ranging around 30–35°. Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch of at least nine whorls. Early teleoconch whorls weakly concave with two flat adsutural spiral cords. Short, strongly opisthocline axial riblets. Sculpture changing around fourth whorl; suprasutural cord develops into poorly developed smooth collar delimited by faint groove. Central riblets and suprasutural cord disappear. Whorl surface below collar bearing very faint, narrow spiral cords that weaken further abapically, subobsolete on last two whorls. Whorl profile increasingly convex abapically. Last whorl ~60% of total height, convex; subsutural collar of medium width, weakly rounded and moderately delimited. Subsutural ramp moderately narrow, weakly concave, rounded at mid-whorl. Base weakly delimited, slightly angled in some specimens, weakly constricted. Siphonal fasciole moderately swollen, twisted with prominent growth increments. Subobsolete irregular spiral sculpture on base and fasciole. Aperture moderately wide, pyriform. Outer lip thin, smooth within. Anal sinus moderately narrow, deep, asymmetrically U-shaped. Siphonal canal short, wide, slightly deflected, moderately notched at tip. Columella excavated in upper third, straight below, slightly twisted at fasciole, smooth. Columellar and parietal callus strongly thickened, sharply delimited, forming broad callus rim.

Discussion. Perrona emmae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) is unique within Paratethyan Clavatulidae due to its convex last whorl and the strongly reduced sculpture. It resembles Perrona pretiosa ( Bellardi, 1847) from the Burdigalian of Italy. Bałuk (2003) even doubted that a separation of Perrona emmae from Perrona pretiosa ( Bellardi, 1847) was justified, although already Hoernes & Auinger (1891) discussed differences between the two. Perrona emmae lacks the prominent beads at the abapical suture of P. pretiosa . Moreover, the parietal area close to the outer lip is weakly convex in P. pretiosa (see Bellardi 1847, 40, pl. 2, fig. 17; Bellardi 1877, 185, pl. 6, fig. 9 and Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981: 78, pl. 15, fig. 2). Perrona mediodepressa ( Sacco, 1890) , established by Sacco (1890) as subspecies of Perrona pretiosa , develops low beads along the abapical suture and a swollen subsutural collar (see Sacco 1904: 48, pl. 13, fig. 2). In our opinion, it is unrelated with P. pretiosa and P. emmae . Clavatula letkésensis Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1953 described based on a specimen from Letkés ( Hungary) falls within the variability of P. emmae and is considered a subjective junior synonym herein.

The specimen from Korytnica ( Poland), erroneously identified by Bałuk (2003) as Perrona pretiosa , is clearly not conspecific with Perrona emmae , based on its prominent beads on early teleoconch whorls and the concave spire whorls. Perrona lydiae has a comparable size and co-occurs at the type locality of P. emmae . The weak to absent subsutural swelling of P. emmae distinguishes this species clearly from P. lydiae .

Paleoenvironment. Inner neritic paleoenvironments with sea grass (Gainfarn, Enzesfeld, Steinebrunn, Zuschin et al. 2007).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Vienna Basin: Enzesfeld, Gainfarn, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1891; Sieber 1958b); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) ( Sieber 1956); Pannonian Basin: Letkés ( Hungary) ( Pálfy et al. 2008; hoc opus); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Boettger 1906); Dacian Basin: Târnene ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E.-Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 3. Early teleoconch whorls of extant and fossil Clavatulidae species. A. Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798), NHMW 1683 6/28, West Africa. B. Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845), NHMW 10203, Gorée (Senegal). C. ‘Clavatula’ diadema (Kiener, 1839), NHMW 1884/0010/0023, Gorée (Senegal). D. ‘Clavatula’ mystica (Reeve, 1843), MNHN-IM-2013-59897, Est de l'ile de Gorée (Senegal). E. ‘Clavatula’ bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN-IM-2013-43369, Dakar (Senegal). F. ‘Clavatula’ pyramidata (Kiener, 1839), MNHN-IM-2009-24982, Baie de Pointe-Noire (Republique du Congo). G. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. ‘Clavatula’ romana (Defrance, 1826), NHMW 1999/0098/0004, Modra-Kráľová (Slovakia). I. ‘Clavatula’ interrupta (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 1861/0033/0420, Buituri (Romania). J. ‘Clavatula’ hirmetzli Kovács & Vicián, 2021, NHMW 1868/0001/0069, Baden-Sooss (Austria). K. ‘Clavatula’ irisae nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0126/0001, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). L. ‘Clavatula’ sophiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 2021/0127/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). M. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). N. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).O. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). P. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Q. Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0127/0003, Enzesfeld (Austria). R. Megaclavatula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 1853/0038/0035a, Korytnica (Poland). S. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0051a, Baden-Sooss (Austria). T. Megaclavatula polonica (Pusch, 1837), NHMW 1862/0001/0324, Bad Vöslau (Austria).U. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria). V. Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841), NHMW 1846/0028/0009, Enzesfeld (Austria). W. Granulatocincta nataliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0035/0021, holotype, Belgrade/Rakovica (Serbia). X. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW1997z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau (Austria).Y. Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0128/0001, Bad Sauerbrunn (Austria). Z. Granulatocincta contorta (Švagrovský, 1958), holotype, SNMB Z 3076, Kuzmice (Slovakia), Aa. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). Ab. Olegia doderleini (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 1858/0015/0147, Wiesen (Austria). Ac. Olegia mandici nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1872/0031/0008a, Bekića vrelo, Čremušnica at Donji Kirin (Croatia). Ae. Olegia dorotheae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0040, Kleinebersdorf (Austria). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Granulatocincta contorta, Olegia doderleini and O. mandici.

FIGURE 4A. ‘Clavatula’ justinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW ex1949/0005/0110b, Buituri (Romania). B. ‘Clavatula’ mariae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1849/0013/0009, Mold (Austria). C. ‘Clavatula’ olgae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1862/0001/0552, Buituri (Romania). D. ‘Clavatula’ orientoromana Báldi, 1960, holotype, M.60.145, Szokolya (Hungary). E. ‘Clavatula’ juliae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0043c, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F. ‘Clavatula’ apolloniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1868/0001/0474a, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). G. Neoperrona harzhauseri (Kovács & Vicián, 2021), NHMW 2019/0151/019a, Letkés (Hungary). H. Neoperrona zoltanorum nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 2019/0151/0108, Letkés (Hungary). I. Scaevatula sidoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0045, holotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). J. Pusionella palatina Strausz, 1954, NHMW 2021/0159/0003, Várpalota (Hungary). K. Pusionella hofmanni nov. sp., NHMW 1867/0019/0136, holotype, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania). L. Perrona barbarae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) NHMW 1949/0005/0103a, Rückersdorf (Austria). M. Perrona descendens (Hilber, 1879), NHMW 1846/0049/0017, St. Florian (Austria). N. Perrona emmae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), NHMW 2021/0127/0005, Enzesfeld (Austria), NHMW 1970/1396/1449, Baden (Austria). O. Perrona ernae (Šuklje, 1929), NHMW 2021/0156/0001, Weinsteig (Austria). P. Perrona floriana (Hilber, 1879), holotype, NHMW 1858/0020/0012, Guglitz at St. Florian (Austria). Q. Perrona ilonae nov. nom., M.61.4367, Szentkút, Mátraverebély (Hungary). R. Perrona lydiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0112, Gainfarn (Austria). S. Perrona oliviae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1873/0026/0027, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). T. Perrona rosaliae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1999z0098/0002, Vienna/Pötzleinsdorf (Austria). U. Perrona sabinae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 2021/0154/0001, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). V. Perrona styriaca (Hilber, 1879), lectotype, NHMW 1846/0037/0309, Pöls (Austria). W. Perrona ursulae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1846/0001/1294, Buituri (Romania). X. Perrona vindobonensis (Quenstedt, 1884), paralectotype, NHMW 1997z0178/1467, Gainfarn (Austria), Y. Perrona wanzenboecki nov. nom., NHMW 2021/0158/0001, neotype, St. Veit an der Triesting (Austria). Z. Tomellana dulaii nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0148/0002, holotype, Nemeşeşti (Romania). Aa. Tomellana aueri nov. sp., NHMW 2013/0078/0436, Baden (Austria). Ab. Striopusionella szekelyhidiae (Kovács & Vicián, 2021), holotype, PAL 2021.19.1, Letkés (Hungary). Ac. Scaevatula sidoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891). NHMW 1855/0043/0045, holotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Perrona barbarae and protoconch of Scaevatula sidoniae.

FIGURE 36 A1–A3. Perrona emmae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0113a, Enzesfeld (Austria). B1–B3. Perrona emmae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0113b, Enzesfeld (Austria). C1–C3. Perrona emmae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 2013/0479/1523, Gainfarn (Austria). D1–D3. Perrona emmae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), NHMW 2013/0479/1523, Gainfarn (Austria). E1–E3. Perrona barbarae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0103a, Rückersdorf (Austria). F1–F3. Perrona barbarae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0103b, Rückersdorf (Austria).