Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010

Yan, Fanhu & Lin, Yucheng, 2018, A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species, Zootaxa 4392 (2), pp. 329-346 : 334

Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010

Figures 1A–H , 2A–E , 6F–f , 8A

Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010: 26 , figs 29–37

Examined material. Topotypes 11♂ 25♀ ( NHMSU), CHINA: Guizhou, Suiyang , Wenquan Town , Guihua Village , Hejiao Cave , 28°15´N, 107°17´E, altitude 695 m, 17 April 2015, Y. Lin and H. Yang leg.

Diagnosis. With the exception of S. wulongensis , male of S. bifurcata can be distinguished from all other congeners by the embolus with an asymmetrically furcate end ( Fig. 6f vs. Fig. 6a–d, 6g –h ), and female of S. bifurcata differs by the stubby, sclerotized central process ( Fig. 8A vs. Figs. 5C–D , 7A–C , 9A–B ). S. bifurcata similar to S. wulongensis in the shape of palpal bulb and the configuration of vulva, but male of S. bifurcata can be distinguished from that of S. wulongensis by the starting position of embolus ( Fig. 6F vs. Fig. 6E , the position indicated by the blue arrow) and the unequal length of branches of embolic tip ( Fig. 6f vs. Fig. 6e ); female of S. bifurcata separated by the smaller, “Ω”-shaped inner vulval plate, and the shorter central process ( Fig. 8A vs. Fig. 8B ).

Description. See Figs 1A–H , 2A–E , 6F–f , 8A and Lin & Li, 2010: 26.

Distribution. China (Guizhou) ( Fig. 10 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010 A–C, male habitus; D–F, female habitus; G, male prosoma; H, female prosoma. A, D, dorsal; B, E, ventral; C, F, lateral; G, H, anterior. Scale bars: 0.50 for A–F, 0.20 for G–H.

FIGURE 2. Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010 A, male left palp, prolateral; B, ditto, retrolateral; C, female opisthosoma, ventral; D, genital area, ventral; E, genital area (lactic acid-treated), ventral. Scale bars: 0.20.

FIGURE 5. Singaporemma takensis sp. n. female paratype. A, opisthosoma, ventral; B, genital area, ventral; C, genital area (lactic acid-treated), ventral; D, vulva (lactic acid-treated), dorsal. Scale bars: 0.20 for A–B, 0.10 for C–D.

FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h.

FIGURE 7. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–C). A, S. adjacens B, S. halongense C, S. banxiaoensis (paratype); A–B, ventral (cited from Lehtinen, 1981, slightly modified); C, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10.

FIGURE 8. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. bifurcata (topotype); B, S. wulongensis (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10.

FIGURE 9. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. singulare (specimen from type locality); B, S. lenachanae (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10.

FIGURE 10. Distribution records of Singaporemma spp. in the world. White balloon—S. adjacens; Blue balloon—S. banxiaoensis; Red-black circle—S. bifurcata; Red round—S. halongense; Red triangle—S. lenachanae; Red balloon—S. singulare; Red-black concentric circle—S. takensis sp. n.; Yellow square—S. wulongensis.