Phthiraptera

R. G. Beutel & S. N. Gorb, 2001, Ultrastructure of attachment specializations of hexapods (Arthropoda): evolutionary patterns inferred from a revised ordinal phylogeny, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Research 39, pp. 177-207 : 180

21 Phthiraptera

Tarsi are one­ or two­segmented. A claw pad, dissimilar from that of ephemeropterans, is present in some representatives of Phthiraptera (Amblycera, Ischnocera part.) ( Fig. 3i ). Euplantulae which allow attachment to smooth surfaces are also present in some mallophagan species.

Figures

Fig. 3. Diversity of the leg attachment devices (gray­colored areas) in hexapods. (a) Arolium (smooth). (b) Pulvilli (smooth or hairy). (c) Empodial pulvillus (ep) (hairy). (d) Hairy adhesive soles of tarsomeres. (e) Eversible pretarsal bladder (smooth). (f) Eversible structure between tibia and tarsus (smooth). (g) Fossula spongiosa (hairy). (h) Euplantulae (eu) and claw pad (cp) (both smooth). (i) Tarsal thorns transformed into adhesive structures (th), claw pad (cp) (both smooth). (j) Adhesive claw setae