Hippeastrum canastrense J.Dutilh & R.S.Oliveira, 2013

Oliveira, Renata Souza De, Semir, João & Dutilh, Julie Henriette Antoinette, 2013, Four new endemic species of Hippeastrum (Amaryllidaceae) from Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, Phytotaxa 145 (1), pp. 38-46 : 39

Hippeastrum canastrense J.Dutilh & R.S.Oliveira , sp. nov. ( Fig. 1A–G & Fig. 3A–D )

Species nova H. elegans affinis , sed individua minor, folia linearia teretiuscula (non lorata, nec plana) stigma trifidum (non obsolete trilobium) differt et florem rubro fucata vel saepe striata.

Type: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , Chapadão antes da descida para a cachoeira Casca D'Anta, no alto da Serra Grande, campo limpo em solo arenoso, 20 o 16'37.7"S 46 o 31'35.6W, elev. 1395 m, 30 October 2011, F. B . Paula-Lima et al. 5 (holotype SPF!, isotypes HUFU!, K!, RB!) .

Perennial herbs 28–42 cm tall. Subterranean bulb in sandy-rocky field, 1.6–2.3 cm diam., brown; neck formed by sheath in the base of leaves 1.8–2.6 cm long. Leaves linear, half-terete, up to 17 cm long during flowering, 0.2–0.3 cm wide, margins rounded, apex acute. Inflorescence 1(–3) flowered; scape slightly laterally compressed, 18.1–31 cm tall, 0.2–0.4 cm wide in distal portion; bracts free, 3–6 cm long, reddish-green in bud, turning papery. Pedicel 1.9–4.5 cm long, pinkish-green. Perigone funnel-shaped, 7.7–11.2 × 5.5–8 cm. Hypanthium tube 3–4.6 cm long, 0.4–0.5 cm diam. at ovary, 0.7–0.8 cm diam. at throat, reddish. Paraperigone absent. Tepals in free portion white, internally with a cream colored strip, sometimes tinged of rose; sepals obovate, upper 4.7–6.6 × 1.6–2.2 cm, lateral 4.7–6.6 × 1.4–2.1 cm, apex acute; petals narrowly obovate, lateral 4.6–6.5 × 1.2–1.9 cm, lower 4.6–6.5 × 1–1.7 cm, apex acute. Staminal filaments declinate-ascending, free portion white with greenish base, in four lengths: lateral episepal 1.3–2.9 cm long; upper episepal 1.5–3.1 cm long; lower epipetal 1.9–3.6 cm long; lateral epipetal 2.3–3.8 cm long. Anthers oblong, 1–1.3 cm long before anthesis, cream colored, with yellow pollen. Style declinate-ascending, 6.2–10.6 cm long, white with greenish base; stigma trifid, lobes 0.2–0.4 cm long, white. Ovary obovate, 0.7–0.9 × 0.3–0.4 cm, brown, 24– 48 ovules per locule. Capsule globose-compressed, 1.2–1.5 × 1.8–2.2 cm. Seeds flattened half-discoid, about 0.7 cm diam., black. Chromosome number 2n = 22.

Distribution and ecology:— Hippeastrum canastrense has been found only in the Serra da Canastra National Park, mainly near the “Casca d’Anta” waterfalls, with extensive populations in sandy-rocky fields, “campo rupestre”, among grasses and other herbs. Most plants bloom in October/November.

Etymology: —The epithet “ canastrense ” is in reference to locality where it occurs.

Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional Serra da Canastra, 2.5 km da sede administrativa, estrada para Sacramento, campo limpo arenosopedregoso, 7 December 1994, J. N . Nakajima & R . Romero 675 ( HUFU!); estrada para o síto do João Domingos, Serra da Canastra , campo rupestre, 15 October 1997, J. N . Nakajima et al. 2812 ( HUFU!, UEC!); estrada São Roque de Minas–Sacramento , campo limpo a ca. de 1 km da Cachoeira Casca D'Anta, parte de cima, 23 November 1998, M. A . Farinaccio et al. 215 ( SPF!, HRCB!); caminho para Cachoeira Casca D'Anta , 20 March 1998, P. T . Sano et al. 957 ( SPF!); cachoeira da Casca D'Anta, campo limpo, 2 meses após queimada, 10 December 1994, R . Romero & J. N . Nakajima 1569 ( HUFU!); estrada para cachoeira Casca D’anta parte de cima, 26 September 2002, R. A . Pacheco et al. 211 ( HUFU!); campos próximos à trilha para Cachoeira Casca D'anta parte alta, 20°14’32.471”S, 46 o 34’55.067”W, 2 November 2009, R. S . Oliveira & R.P. Camargo 124 ( UEC!); estrada São Roque de Minas– Sacramento, Garagem de Pedras , campo rupestre, 18 October 1994, R . Romero et al. 1365 ( HUFU!) .

Taxonomic remarks: — Hippeastrum canastrense is similar to H. elegans (Spreng 1815: 59) H.E. Moore (1963: 16) , but differ by its smaller stature, its linear and half-terete leaves and trifid stigma. Hippeastrum elegans has flat, lorate leaves and a triangularly lobed stigma.

Figures

FIGURE 1. A–G. Hippeastrum canastrense (from Nakajima et al. 2812). A–B. Habit. A. Bulbs in reproductive phase. B. Bulb in vegetative phase. C. Longitudinal section in perigone, showing absence of paraperigone, staminal filaments and style position. D–G. Papillary region at the adaxial apex of tepals. D. Upper sepal. E. Lateral sepal. F. Lateral petal. G. Lower petal. H–N. Hippeastrum diniz-cruziae (from Romero & Nakajima 3789). H–I. Habit. H. Bulb in reproductive phase. I. Bulb in vegetative phase. J. Longitudinal section in hypanthium tube and throat region, showing paraperigone of bristles. K–N. Papillary region at the adaxial apex of tepals. K. Upper sepal. L. Lateral sepal. M. Lateral petal. N. Lower petal.

FIGURE 3. A–D. Hippeastrum canastrense. A. Flower in lateral view. B. Biflora inflorescence with a flower in front view. C. Uniflora inflorescence. D. Population in field, some months after fire. E–H. Hippeastrum roseoalbum. E. Biflora inflorescence. F. Close-up of throat region. G. Uniflora inflorescence with flower in lateral view. H. Flower in front view. I–L. Hippeastrum dinizcruziae. I. Habit. J. Biflora inflorescence, a flower in front view with a pillager insect. K. Close-up of throat region. L. Triflora inflorescence, with flowers in bud. M–O. Hippeastrum sanfranciscanum. M. Uniflora inflorescence with flower in lateral view. N. Flower in front view. O. Flower in lateral view. P. Hippeastrum glaucescens. Inflorescence with flowers in front and lateral view. (A– I, K, M–O photos by R. S. Oliveira; J, L by R. Mello-Silva; P by J. Dutilh).