Sadala velox Simon, 1880

Rheims, Cristina A. & Jäger, Peter, 2022, Revalidation of the genus Sadala Simon, 1880 with the description of a new genus of Neotropical huntsman spiders (Araneae, Sparassidae), Zootaxa 5135 (1), pp. 1-80 : 23-25

Sadala velox Simon, 1880 comb. rest.

Figs 5–11 , 72–82 , 89

Sadala velox Simon, 1880: 325 (1 male, 3 female syntypes from Pebas [‑3.3167, ‑71.8167], Loreto, Peru, MNHN 1134 , examined).

Sparassus velox: Simon 1897: 35 .

Olios velox: Simon 1903a: 1020 ; Petrunkevitch 1911: 503; Jäger 2020: 81 (misplaced in Olios ).

Additional material examined. FRENCH GUIANA: 1♀, Parc Amazonien de Gyuane, Mount Itoupé [3.5500, ‑53.5500], 15–30 March 2010, V. Vedel leg. ( MNHN) . BRAZIL: Roraima: 1♀, Alto Alegre, Aldeia Halikatu‑U ( Yanomami ) (3.2251, -63.1990), 20–10 April 2005, C. Kirsch leg. ( IBSP 55487 ) ; Rondônia: 1♂, 7♀, Usina Hidrelétrica de Samuel [‑8.7500, ‑63.4500], December 1988, Equipe Butantan leg. ( IBSP 6628 , 6637 , 6641 , 6629 , 6652 , 6644 , 6623 , 6615 ) ; 1♀, Porto Velho [‑2.5519, ‑56.2247], Mutum, 30 August 2010, Equipe Jirau leg. ( MZSP 35130 ) ; 1♀, same locality as previous specimen, Abunã (transecto 10), 18 March 2011, M.C. Silveira, R. Y. Lemos & S. Outeda‑Jorge leg. ( MZSP 40184 ) ; 1♀, same locality as previous specimen, 14 March 2011, M.C. Silveira, R. Y. Lemos & S. Outeda‑Jorge leg. ( MZSP 40185 ) ; 1♀, same locality as previous specimen, Abunã (transecto 11), 3 September 2010, Equipe Jirau leg. ( MZSP 35356 ) ; 1♂, same locality as previous specimen, Abunã (transecto 9), 1 September 2010, M. Silveira leg. ( MZSP 34550 ) ; 1♂, same locality as previous specimen, Caiçara (transecto 1), 23 November 2010, R. Y. Lemos leg. ( MZSP 37048 ) ; 1♂, same locality as previous specimen, Caiçara (transecto 1), 1 March 2010, A.A. Nogueira leg. ( MZSP 33349 ) ; 1♂, same locality as previous specimen, Caiçara (transecto 3), 27 August 2010, R. Y. Lemos leg. ( MZSP 34732 ) ; 1♀, same locality as previous specimen, Caiçara (transecto 3), 7 August 2010, S. Outeda Jorge leg. ( MZSP 34862 ) ; Acre: 1♂, Manoel Urbano, Parque Estadual do Chandless (‑9.4081, ‑69.9292), 23–25 November 2010, W.E.F. Morato leg. ( UFMG 6180 ) ; 2♂, 6♀, Senador Guiomard, Reserva Extrativista de Catuaba [‑10.0667, ‑67.6167], 2000–2002, E. Morato leg. ( IBSP 87538 , 87535 , 87528 , 87531 , 87537 , 87536 , 87533 , 87529 ) ; 1♂, 2♀, Rio Branco, Estação Experimental Catuaba (‑10.0733, ‑67.6239), January–April 2011, M. R. B. Andrade leg. ( UFMG 10167 , 10169 , 10166 ) . PERU: Huanuco: 1♀, ACP Panguana, Rio Yuyapichis (-9.6167, -74.9333), 1–21 May 2015, F. Wachtel & E.-G. Burmeister leg. ( MUSM) .

Diagnosis. Males of S. velox resemble those of S. keyserlingi ( Figs 24–26 ) by the palp with cymbium bearing a dorsal proximal hook-shaped projection (DpP, Fig. 74 ). They are distinguished from the latter species by the RTA short, two times longer than wide, not surpassing proximal margin of alveolus, with the same width throughout ( Fig. 73 ) (RTA long, more than three times longer than wide, surpassing proximal margin of alveolus, distally spoon-shaped in S. keyserlingi ). Females resemble those of S. nigristernis ( Figs 38–40 ) by the epigyne with MS roughly trapezoid, widest anteriorly ( Fig. 75 ). They are distinguished from the latter species by the MS as long as wide and margins of CO roughly longitudinal ( Fig. 75 ) (MS two times longer than wide and margins of CO oblique in S. nigristernis ).

Redescription. Male (MZSP 34550): Total length 13.4. Prosoma: 6.1 long, 5.7 wide. Opisthosoma: 7.0 long, 4.0 wide. Eyes: diameters: 0.56, 0.41, 0.30, 0.39; interdistances: 0.23, 0.07, 0.53, 0.53, 0.34, 0.20. Legs: I: 34.1 (9.4, 3.2, 9.0, 10.0, 2.5); II: 36.0 (10.1, 3.4, 9.5, 10.5, 2.5); III: 25.7 (7.8, 2.7, 6.5, 6.7, 2.0); IV: 28.9 (8.5, 2.6, 7.5, 8.0, 2.3). Spination follows the generic pattern except tibia III: d1-0-1; patella IV: p1. Palp: RTA two times longer than wide, concave, distally blunt; PTA triangular, as long as wide; subtegulum visible prolaterally in ventral view; tegulum oval; conductor 3.5 times longer than wide, surpassing the anterior margin of alveolus by 1/3 its length; embolus arising from tegulum at 5:30–6 o’clock position ( Figs 72–74 , 78–80 ).

Female (MZSP 34862): Total length 17.7. Prosoma: 7.5 long, 6.8 wide. Opisthosoma: 9.5 long, 5.5 wide. Eyes: diameters: 0.55, 0.42, 0.35, 0.45; interdistances: 0.45, 0.30, 0.75, 0.73, 0.40, 0.32. Legs: I: 31.0 (8.7, 3.6, 7.9, 8.6, 2.2); II: 32.4 (9.4, 3.7, 8.5, 8.5, 2.3); III: 23.8 (7.4, 3.0, 5.7, 5.9, 1.8); IV: 26.4 (8.1, 2.8, 6.5, 7.0, 2.0). Spination follows the generic pattern. Epigyne: EF as long as wide; MAB inconspicuous; TP as wide as long ( Figs 75 , 81 ). Vulva: FW antero-mediad; GP longer than wide, arising from ducts at second turn; SP spherical; FD antero-laterad ( Figs 76–77 , 82 ).

Variation. Males (n = 10): total length 11.0–14.5; prosoma length 5.0–6.2; femur I length 8.3–9.6. Females (n = 10): total length 15.4–22.8; prosoma length 7.1–8.8; femur I length 7.8–10.2.

Distribution. North and northwestern South America (French Guyana, Brazil and Peru) ( Fig. 89 )

Figures

FIGURES 5–8. Sadala velox Simon 5–6 IBSP 87533, female; 7–8 MZSP 35356, female. 5 right chelicerae, ventral view; 6 right endite, ventral view; 7 left palp, claw, prolateral view; 8 right leg II, metatarsus, trilobate membrane, dorsal view.

FIGURES 9–12. 9–11 Sadala velox Simon 9 IBSP 87553, female; 10–11 MZSP 35356, female; 12 Sadala punicea Simon IBSP 165051, male. 9 left leg I, tarsus, trichobothria, dorsal view; 10 right leg II, tarsus, tarsal organ, dorsal view; 11 right leg I, tarsus, claws, retrolateral view; 12 epiandrium, epiandrous spigots, dorsal view (arrows point at clusters of spigots). DP—dorsal plate; PP—proximal plate.

FIGURES 72–77. Sadala velox Simon 72–74 Male (MZSP 33349), left palp (72 prolateral, 73 ventral, 74 retrolateral); 75–77 Female (IBSP 9361) (75 epigyne, 76 vulva, 77 schematic course of internal duct system). C—conductor; DpP—dorsal proximal projection; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; ft—first turn of duct system; GP—glandular projection; LL—lateral lobe; MS—median septum; TP—triangular projection; PTA—prolateral tibial projection; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP— spermathecae; st—second turn of duct system; ST—subtegulum. Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 78–82. Sadala velox Simon 78–80 Male (MZSP 34550) left palp (78 prolateral, 79 ventral, 80 retrolateral); 81–82 Female (IBSP 6637) (81 epigyne, 82 vulva). Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 89–90. Distribution maps for Sadala spp. 89 S. tabatinga spec. nov., S. velox Simon, S. nanay spec. nov., S. punicea Simon 90 S. rufa (Keyserling), S. kaiabi spec. nov., S. keyserlingi Simon, S. nigristernis Simon, S. yuyapichis spec. nov.

FIGURES 24–29. Sadala keyserlingi Simon 24–26 Male (INPA 4563), left palp (24 prolateral, 25 ventral, 26 retrolateral); 27–29 Female (MNHN 2459, syntype) (27 epigyne, 28 vulva, 29 schematic course of internal duct system). C—conductor; DpP—dorsal proximal projection; E—embolus; FD—fertilization duct; ft—first turn of duct system; GP—glandular projection; LL—lateral lobe; MS—median septum; TP—triangular projection; PTA—prolateral tibial projection; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SP—spermathecae; st—second turn of duct system; ST—subtegulum. Scale lines: 1 mm.

FIGURES 35–40. 35–37 Sadala nanay spec. nov., female (MUSM, holotype) (35 epigyne, 36 vulva, 37 schematic course of internal duct system); 38–40 Sadala nigristernis Simon, female (MNHN 1672, holotype) (38 epigyne, 39 vulva, 40 schematic course of internal duct system). FD—fertilization duct; ft—first turn of duct system; GP—glandular projection; LL—lateral lobe; MS—median septum; SP—spermathecae; st—second turn of duct system; TP—triangular projection. Scale lines: 1 mm.