Hexacylloepus phalluspilosus, Polizei & Barclay & Bispo, 2020

Polizei, Thiago T. S., Barclay, Maxwell V. L. & Bispo, Pitágoras C., 2020, Hexacylloepus Hinton, 1940 rises again; 18 new species of a neglected genus (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea: Elmidae), Zootaxa 4819 (1), pp. 6-48 : 31-33

Hexacylloepus phalluspilosus sp. nov.

( Fig. 12 A–C)

Type locality: Brazil, Goiás State, Pirenópolis .

Diagnosis: Antennae with few thin setae on the apex of each antennomere. Frontoclypeal suture inconspicuous. Pronotum with a short, narrow, shallow longitudinal impression on disc, reaching the anterior and posterior margins. Hypomera with a complete belt of tomentum covering almost the entire anterior half portion. Hind wings macropterous. Epipleura with tomentum. Tibiae each with two rows of spines and setae. Abdomen covered with tomentum; first ventrite with a deep depression with a pair of carinae extending towards and reaching the metaventrite. Male genitalia spatulate; phallobasis twice as long as wide; parameres reaching 4/5 of the penis length, twice as wide at the base as at the apex; penis with the lateral margin slightly sinuous on anterior half and straight on posterior half.

Description: Male. Body elongated, subparallel. Colour black, with antenna, mouthparts and legs reddishbrown. Total length: 2.24 mm. Greatest width: 1.02 mm.

Head: surface with micropunctures separated from each other by their diameter. Antenna inserted at the anterior margin of the eyes, filiform, with 11 antennomeres each one with long thin setae at apex. Frontoclypeal suture inconspicuous. Clypeus 4x as wide as long; anterior margin straight and posterior margin sinuous; surface similar to that of head. Labrum twice as wide as long; antero-lateral angles rounded; and surface with long and thin setae. Maxillary palpus 4-segmented; terminal palpomere truncated apically. Labial palpus 3-segmented. Mentum and submentum rectangular. Gula rectangular. Genae covered with tomentum.

Thorax: Pronotum slightly as wide as long, arcuate anteriorly and laterally; posterior margin smooth with two prescutellar foveae ( Fig. 12A ). Surface with micropunctures and with posterior half alutaceous. Sublateral carinae complete, sinuous and raised. Longitudinal impression short, narrow and shallow on disc ( Fig. 12A ). A pair of gibbosities behind the scutellum.

Elytra twice as long as wide; anterior margin arcuate; lateral margin moderately arcuate and serrate; rounded apex ( Fig. 12A ). Humeri rounded, slightly prominent. Surface with puncture rows separated from each other by their diameter. Elytral suture moderately elevated. Carina short on interval IV, extending from base to 1/4 of the elytral length; sublateral carinae on intervals VI and VIII, extending from base to 2/3 of the elytral length. Epipleura with tomentum ( Fig. 12B ). Hind wings micropterous. Scutellum oval.

Prosternum broad, with a pair of carinae reaching the anterior margin; surface with micropunctures; anterior margin straight and lateral margin with tomentum. Disc depressed. Prosternal process long and narrow, beyond the procoxae; lateral margin strongly prominent; rounded apex; disc strongly excavated. Notosternal suture slightly sinuous. Hypomera wider posteriorly than anteriorly, surface with micropunctures and with a complete belt of tomentum covering almost the entire anterior half portion ( Fig. 12B ).

Mesoventrite with a slight groove to receive the prosternal process. Mesepimeron and mesepisternum with tomentum. Metaventrite broad with a strongly longitudinal medial depression; surface alutaceous with micropunctures; and with sides covered with tomentum.

Legs (except tarsi) covered with punctures and tomentum ( Fig. 12B ). Coxae rounded; trochanters elongated; femora 3x as long as wide, 1/3 of the length of the elytra; tibiae long and thin, 6x as long as wide, 1/3 of the length of the elytra. Profemora each with a dense row of long setae in distal 2/3. Tibiae each with two complete, dense rows of spines. Tarsi elongate, with setae; apical tarsomere longer than the basal four combined. Claws long and thin.

Abdomen ( Fig. 12B ): five ventrites; as long as wide. Anterior and posterior margins straight on the first and second ventrites and arcuate on the subsequent ventrites; lateral margins rounded. Surface densely covered with tomentum (excepted for disc of first ventrite). Disc of the first ventrite with a deep depression, and a pair of carinae extending towards and reaching the metaventrite. Second ventrite with the anterior half without tomentum. Fifth ventrite with a groove on disc, apex rounded and with long setae.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 12C ): (Total length: 0.67 mm. Greatest width: 0.17 mm), symmetrical and spatulate. Phallobase aproximately 3x as long as wide, slightly longer than penis length. Parameres fused and articulated with the phallobase, wide, reaching 4/5 of the penis length; twice as wide at the base as at the apex; apex slightly acute, curved to internal margin, strongly covered by setae in dorsal and ventral view. Penis spatulate with the lateral margin slightly sinuous on anterior half and straight on posterior half; apex rounded; fibula elongated, wide and approximately the same length as the penis; corona present, as an arrangement of tiny rod-like sclerotizations.

Female: External morphology similar to male.

Material examined: 88 specimens.

Distribution: Brazil: Goiás, Distrito Federal and São Paulo States.

Male holotype: ♂ | Holo- / type | BR-GO-Pirenópolis / 09-10.VII.2010 / G. Paciencia leg. | MZSP 35806 ( MZSP)

Paratypes: 87 specimens: BR-GO-Pirenópolis / 09-10.VII.2010 / G. Paciencia leg. (38 MZSP; 12 NHMUK; 12 USNM). BR-SP-São Luís do / Paraitinga—P.E.S.M. / núcleo Santa Virgínia / Rib. Estrada Catuçaba / 09.X.2006 / P.C.Bispo leg. (4 MZSP; 3 NHMUK; 3 USNM). BR-SP-Cassia dos / Coqueiros / 22.X.2015 / G. Paulon & R. Moretto / leg. | (2 MZSP). | BR-SP-Teodoro Sampaio / P.E.Morro do Diabo / 19.VIII.2012 / T.T.S.Polizei & L.S.M.Costa leg. (2 MZSP). BRASIL: Distrito Federal: / Brasília. APA GAMA—Jardim / Botânico. Córrego Cabeça de / Veado . 15º53’20,4S 47º50’33,6W / 16.I.2019 Renan Casimiro leg. (10 MZSP). BRASIL. São Paulo. Campos do / Jordão. Parque Estadual Campos / do Jordão. Riacho Sensitive . 18.V.2008. Pitágoras Bispo leg. ( MZSP). (MZSP 31170-31179, 31181, 35807-35852).

Etymology: from Latin phalluspilosus , (phallus: penis plus pilosus: covered by hair), referring to male genitalia strongly covered by setae.

Comparative notes: Hexacylloepus phalluspilosus sp. nov. resembles Hexacylloepus flavipes ( Grouvelle, 1889) and Hexacylloepus granosus ( Grouvelle, 1889) , by having the pronotum as long as wide, Hypomera with a complete belt of tomentum covering almost the entire anterior half portion, and frontoclypeal suture inconspicuous. However, the general morphology of the male genitalia of the three species is completely different, and, in addition, the hind wings are micropterous in H. phalluspilosus , while H. flavipes and H. granosus are macropterous. In H. flavipes the tibiae each have a row of short spines at the distal 2/3 and, in males, a proleg with the internal claw shorter than the external claw, while in H. phalluspilosus sp. nov. the tibiae each have two complete, dense rows of spines, and the claws on the proleg are of similar size. H. granosus has the longitudinal impression on the pronotum long and very narrow and the metacoxae each with a short spine, while in H. phalluspilosus sp. nov. the impression on the pronotum is short, narrow and shallow on disc, and the metacoxae lack spines.

Figures

FIGURE 12. Hexacylloepus phalluspilosus sp. nov.. Male. Holotype. (A–B) Habitus. (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Ventral view of male genitalia. Scale bars: (A–B) = 0.5mm. (C) = 0.1mm.