Mimachlamys asperrima ( Lamarck, 1819 )

Dijkstra, Henk H. & Beu, Alan G., 2018, Living Scallops of Australia and Adjacent Waters (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae, Cyclochlamydidae and Pectinidae), Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 70 (2), pp. 113-330 : 277-280

Mimachlamys asperrima ( Lamarck, 1819)

Figs 86E–F, 88A,H, 89

Pecten asperrimus Lamarck, 1819: 174 ; Deshayes, 1836: 145; Delessert, 1841: pl. 15, figs 1a–b; G. B. Sowerby II, 1842: 75, pl. 17, fig. 156; Chenu, 1844: pl. 33, figs 4–6; Menke, 1844: 90; Reeve, 1853: sp. 75, pl. 20, fig. 75; Angas, 1877: 293; Tenison Woods, 1878a: 33, 56; E.A. Smith, 1885: 294; Harris, 1897: 315; Tate & May, 1901: 440; Hedley, 1916a: 157; Odhner, 1917: 14; Thiele, 1930: 591; Dijkstra, 1994: 487, pl. 24, figs 101–104 (lectotype).

Ostrea matonii Donovan, 1825 : pl. 91.

Pecten australis G. B. Sowerby II, 1842: 76 , pl. 19, figs 219–220; Reeve, 1853: sp. 103, pl. 25, figs 103a–b.

Pecten rubidus “Martyn ”.– Menke,1843: 36 (misidentification).

Pecten asperrimus Lamarck var.– Tate, 1882: 45.

Pecten antiaustralis Tate, 1886: 106 , pl. 9, figs 7a–c; Harris, 1897: 315; Tate, 1899: 269.

Pecten asperrinus [sic] Lamarck.–Tate & May, 1901: 440.

Chlamys asperrimus [sic] (Lamarck).–Pritchard & Gatliff, 1898: 264; Hedley, 1902: 307; Hedley, 1918a: M9; May, 1921: 10; May, 1923: pl. 3, fig. 7; Macpherson & Gabriel, 1962: 303, fig. 344; Macpherson, 1966: 232; Wells & Bryce, 1985: 158, fig.581; Richmond, [1990]:46, figs 125.

Mimachlamys asperrimus [sic] (Lamarck).– Iredale, 1929: 162; Cotton & Godfrey, 1938: 100, fig. 86; Allan, 1950: 280, pl. 37, fig. 3; Macpherson & Chapple, 1951: 145; Cotton, 1961: 105, fig. 90.

Chlamys asperrimus [sic] antiaustralis (Tate) .–Gatliff & Singleton, 1930: 71, pl. 2, fig. 3; pl. 3, figs 6–7; pl. 4, figs 10a–b.

Chlamys asperrimus asperrimus [sic] (Lamarck).–Gatliff & Singleton, 1930: 73, pl. 2, figs 1, 2, 4; pl. 3, fig. 5; pl. 4, figs 11a–12.

Chlamys asperrimus [sic] dennanti Gatliff & Singleton, 1930: 73, pl. 3, figs 8–9; pl. 4, figs 13a–b.

Chlamys (Chlamys) antiaustralis (Tate) .– Ludbrook, 1955: 30, pl. 5, fig. 11; Ludbrook, 1959: 223.

Chlamys (Aequipecten) asperrimus [sic] Lamarck.–Gabriel, 1956: 14.

Mimachlamys asperrima (Lamarck) .–Garrard, 1961: 5; Iredale & McMichael, 1962: 11; Waller, 1991: 32, pl. 4, figs 4–5; Lamprell & Whitehead, 1992: [22], pl. 9, fig. 50; Beu & Darragh, 2001: 133, figs 46A–C, 47A–D, F, 52C; Raines & Poppe, 2006: 268, 269, lower figs; pl. 212, figs 1–3; pl. 213, figs 1–4; Huber, 2010: 210.

Chlamys (Chlamys) asperrimus asperrimus [sic] (Lamarck).– Ludbrook, 1983: 39.

Chlamys (Chlamys) asperrimus [sic] dennanti Gatliff & Singleton.– Ludbrook, 1983: 39.

Chlamys (Chlamys) asperrima (Lamarck) .– Ludbrook, 1984: 160, 238, fig. 41a, pl. 4f–i; Ludbrook & Gowlett-Holmes, 1989: 642, fig. 11.40a, pl. 42, fig. 4.

Chlamys (Chlamys) asperrima dennanti Gatliff & Singleton. – Ludbrook, 1984: 238.

Chlamys (Mimachlamys) asperrima (Lamarck) ; Rombouts, 1991: 27, pl. 10, figs 3–3b.

Type data. Pecten asperrimus Lamarck : lectotype (pr) MNHN Moll21197, designated by Dijkstra (1994: 488), 10 paralectotypes (8 pr + 2 v) (3 MNHN Moll21198, 7 MHNG1088/66/1-6). Type locality: “Habite les mers australes, à la Nouvelle Hollande [ Australia], les côtes de Diémen” [Tasmania].

Ostrea matonii Donovan : repository of type material not known. Neotype (lectotype of Pecten asperrimus Lamarck ) designated by Beu & Darragh (2001). Type locality: “ Van Diemen’s Land ” [Tasmania].

Pecten australis Sowerby : three possible syntypes (pr) NHMUK [not registered]. Type locality: “ Swan River ”, Western Australia.

Pecten antiaustralis Tate : lectotype (pr) SAM T.928A, designated by Beu & Darragh (2001: 135). Type locality: “ Oyster beds, Aldinga Bay ”, i.e. Hallett Cove Sandstone, Late Pliocene, near Adelaide (Beu & Darragh, 2001).

Chlamys asperrimus [ sic] dennanti Gatliff & Singleton: holotype NMV P13503, paratype NMV P13504. Type locality: Werrikoo Limestone, above Limestone Creek, Glenelg River , western Victoria; early Pleistocene ?

Comments on type data. For more information on type material of the synonyms of Mimachlamys asperrima see Beu & Darragh (2001: 135).

Additional material examined. — AUSTRALIA: QUEENSLAND: Caloundra , 26°49'S 153°10'E, dead (5 v, C.375798) . NEW SOUTH WALES: Smiths Lake Bar, 32°24' S 152°31'E, dead, beach (1 v, C.350406); Port Stephens , Nelson Bay , 32°43'S 152°08'E, dead, 15 m (1 v, C.347403); 5.5 mls E of The Entrance, 33°20'S 151°35'E,dead, 40–49 m (1 v, C.347401);off Tuggerah Lake , 33°20' S 151°39'E, dead ,

Figure 88. A, H, Mimachlamys asperrima (Lamarck) , specimen in Fig. 86E, F; lv exterior (A), rv exterior (H). B–D, F, Mimachlamys cloacata (Reeve) ; (B, C) specimen in Fig. 86H, J; lv exterior (B), rv exterior (C); (D, F) AM C.089670, holotype of Mimachlamys curtisiana Iredale , Port Curtis, Gladstone, QLD; rv exterior (D), lv exterior (F). E, G, Mimachlamys funebris (Reeve) , specimen in Fig. 86D, G; lv exterior (E), rv exterior (G). I, J, Mimachlamys gloriosa (Reeve) , smooth form, AM C.081213, trawled off Moreton Island, QLD; lv exterior (I), rv exterior (J). Scale bars represent 30 mm (A, H–J), 10 mm (B–D, F), 20 mm (E, G).

Figure 89. Distribution of Mimachlamys albolineata (G. B. Sowerby II) (circle), M.asperrima (Lamarck) (stars) and M.cloacata (Reeve) (triangles).

60 m (1 v,C.347409);off Norah Head , 33°20'S 151°56'E,dead , 73–91 m (2 v,C.130120); Sydney N, Collaroy , Long Reef, 33°44.6'S 151°18.6'E, alive (1 pr + 1 v, C.375925); Sydney Harbour, Nielson Park, Bottle & Glass Rocks, 33°50'S 151°16'E, alive , 15 m (3 v, C.007500); Sydney , Port Jackson , Watsons Bay, Green Point, 33°50'S 151°16'E, alive , 15 m (1 pr, C.047344); Sydney , Port Jackson , 33°51'S 151°14'E, alive (1 pr, C.015689; 5 v, C.132923); Sydney Harbour , 33°51'S 151°14'E, alive (22 v, C.094550; 10 v,C.346926); Sydney , Botany Bay , Yarra Bay, 33°58'S 151°13'E,dead (3 v,C.122377); Sydney, off Malabar, 33°58'S 151°17'E, dead , 67 m (4 v, C.347377); Sydney , 3 km E of Long Bay, 33°58'S 151°16'E,dead , 47 m (4 v,C.347381); Sydney , Long Bay , 33°58.3' S 151°15.4'E,dead (1 v,C.375942); Sydney , Botany Bay , Barton St , Monterey to Ramsgate , 33°58.53'– 33°59.2' S 151°08.95'– 151°08.85'E, dead (1 v, C.375933); Sydney , Botany Bay, Yarra Bay, 33°59'S 151°13.3'E, dead, beach (4 v,C.375780); Sydney, 2.3 km E of Malabar, 33°59'S 151°16'E,dead , 64–66 m (2 v, C.347368;3 v,C.347374); Sydney , 2.2 km E of Cape Banks, 34°0'S 151°15'E, dead , 49 m (1 v, C.347370); Sydney , Botany Bay , Kurnell , 34°00.58'S 151°12.38'E,dead (1 v, C.375926; 1 v,C.375941); Sydney S, Cronulla, 34°03'S 151°09'E, dead (2 v, C.347367); Sydney, off Cronulla, 34°03'S 151°12.5'E,dead , 70–80 m (1 v,C.375949); Sydney S, Cronulla, 34°03.5' S 151°09.2'E, dead (18 v,C.375943);off Cronulla, 34°04'S 151°14'E,dead , 40–100 m (6 v,C.347366); off Botany to Wattamolla, 34°05' S 151°14'E,alive , 64 m (1 pr,C.111391); Port Hacking , off Jibbon, 34°05'S 151°13'E, dead , 75–85 m (1 v, C.347369; 6 v, C.375947); Shellharbour , 34°35'S 150°52'E, dead (1 v,C.375935); Gerringong , 34°45'S 150°50' E, dead (many v,C.375930); NE of Nowra, S of Gerringong, Seven Mile Beach, 34°48.8' S 150°46' E,dead(4 v,C.375944);off Shoalhaven Bight, 34°51'S 150°52.5'E,dead , 46–55 m (1 v,C.375936); Shoalhaven Bight , 34°57'S 150°48' E,alive , 27–82 m (1 pr,C.347359); Jervis Bay , Callala Point , 35°0'S 150°43' E, dead (7 v, C.129696); Jervis Bay , 35°02'S 150°44' E, dead (1 pr, C.012062; 1 pr, C.117385); Jervis Bay, 35°02'S 150°40'E, dead (3 v, C.346946); Jervis Bay, Huskisson, 35°02'S 150°40' E, dead (5 v, C.346971; 5 v, C.375919); Jervis Bay, 35°03'S 150°45'E, dead , 27.5 m (3 v, C.346969); Jervis Bay , Honeymoon Bay , 35°03.5' S 150°46.47'E,dead (4 v,C.375917); Jervis Bay, Honeymoon Bay, 35°03.5'S 150°46.50'E, alive , 7.5 m (2 pr, C.375939); Jervis Bay , off Huskisson, 35°05'S 151°0'E, dead , 55 m (1 v, C.375927); off Jervis Bay , 35°05'S 151°0'E, alive , 64–73 m (1 pr, C.375946); Darling Point , S side Jervis Bay, 35°07'S 150°44' E, alive , 18 m (9 pr, C.346945;4 pr,C.375940); Bendalong , N of Lake Conjola, 35°15'S 150°32'E, dead, beach (3 v, C.346970); off Ulladulla , 35°21'S 150°31.5'E, alive (1 pr, C.375920; 1 pr,C.375928); Burrill Lake , S of Ulladulla, 35°22.5'S 150°26'E,dead (20 v,C.375945); Batemans Bay , 35°44'S 150°13'E, dead (1 v, C.346928); Montague Island, Narooma, 36°10'S 150°14' E, alive (7 pr, C.094863); Narooma, 36°13.24'S 150°08.37'E, dead (1 v,C.375937);Narooma, 36°13.4'S 150°08'E,dead (1 v,C.375938);off Montague Island, 36°14.2' S 150°15'E, alive , 82–110 m (2 pr, C.375923); Narooma , off Montague Island, 36°15' S 150°13' E, alive , 9–18 m (11 v, C.040698; 31 v, C.347365); Merimbula Lake , Spencer Park, 36°53.55' S 149°55.4' E, dead , 0–0.25 m (1 v, C.357995); off Merimbula , 36°54'S 150°07'E, dead , 91 m (1 pr, C.094549); 10 mls N of Eden , 36°55'S 149°55'E, dead , 18–46 m (27 v, C.094547); off Merimbula , 36°55'S 150°0'E, alive , 46 m (4 pr, C.375931); 10 mls N of Eden , 36°57'S 150°0' E, dead , 36.5 m (2 v, C.346930); Eden , Twofold Bay , 37°04'S 149°54'E,dead (9 v,C.346972); Eden,off Lookout Point (Middle Head), 37°04'S 149°55' E, dead , 27 m (32 v, C.346956); 5–6 km off Eden , 37°05'S 150°0' E, alive , 46–55 m (1 v, C.346916; 6 v, C.346961; 1 pr,C.375921); Twofold Bay , 37°05'S 149°55'E, dead, beach (8 v, C.007670); Twofold Bay, 37°05'S 149°55'E, dead (2 v, C.047342); Twofold Bay, 37°05'S 149°54'E, alive , 9–46 m (1 pr, C.346910; 5 v, C.346909; 10 v, C.375934); Twofold Bay , 37°05'S 149°57'E, dead , 37 m (many v, C.375924); off Twofold Bay , 37°05'S 150°10'E, alive , 54–91 m (8 pr, C.064360; 1pr, C.097545;2 pr,C.375918);off Eden , 37°05'S 150°10'E,alive , 73–91 m (2 pr,C.375932); Twofold Bay , SSE of Eden, Boydtown, 37°06.24'S 149°52.73'E, dead (1 v, C.375922); 2–3 mls N of Green Cape, 37°14'S 150°03'E, alive , 55–73 m (3 pr, C.051441); Green Cape , 37°16' S 150°03'E,dead , 2–4 m (1 v,C.346904);off Green Cape , 37°17' S 150°12'E, alive , 110 m (1 pr, C.094544); Disaster Bay , 37°16'S 149°59'E, alive (6 v, C.094545); Newtons Beach , Nadgee Fauna Reserve , 37°22'S 149°57'E, dead (3 v, C.346905); Nadgee Fauna Reserve , Black Head, 37°26.5'S 149°58.5'E, dead (4 v, C.375948). VICTORIA: Mallacoota, 37°34' S 149°56'E,dead (2 v, C.050287;4 v,C.050441); Gabo Island, 37°34'S 149°55' E, alive , 18 m (1 pr, C.347505); between Cape Howe & Lakes Entrance, 37°55'S 149°0'E,dead , 75–78 m (1 v,C.347502);off Lakes Entrance , 38°03'S 148°03.5'E,alive (many,C.375787);off Lakes Entrance, 38°03'S 148°03' E,alive , 35–46 m (1 pr, C.347504; 6 v, C.347506); Lakes Entrance , 37°53'S 147°59'E, dead (5 v, C.050296); off Lakes Entrance , 37°53' S 147°59'E, alive (2 pr,C.103820); off Waterloo Bay, Wilsons Promontory, 39°05'S 146°27' E, alive , 46 m (5 pr, C.094313); Western Port , 38°22' S 145°32'E, alive , 15–18 m (2 pr, C.130121); Sandy Point , Western Port, just N of North Arm, 38°24'S 145°14'E, dead , 7.5 m (2 v, C.347460); Bass Strait , off Western Port , 38°34'S 145°10'E, dead (2 pr, C.097542); Port Phillip, Portsea, 38°19' S 144°42'E, alive , 4.5–6 m (3 pr, C.092004;1 pr, C.112573;1 pr,C.347461); Port Phillip , Portsea Pier, 38°19' S 144°42'E, alive , 3–4.5 m (1 pr, C.112790). TASMANIA: Bass Strait , Flinders Island , Warrens Farm , 39°58'S 148°07'E, dead (1 v, C.300317); Bass Strait, Flinders Island , Arthur Bay, 40°03'S 147°56'E, dead (1 v, C.356712); off Cape Naturaliste, 40°49' S 148°32' E, dead , 62 m (1 v, C.124189); Bass Strait , off Devonport, 41°10'S 146°21'E, dead (1 pr,C.375783); 20 mls E of Maria Island, 42°32'S 148°24'E, dead , 234 m (3 v,C.356705); Freycinet Peninsula,W side, Promise Bay , Hazards Beach , 42°10'S 148°16'E, dead (3 v, C.342443); Hobart, Derwent River, 42°53' S 147°19'E, alive (2 pr,C.375782);off Eaglehawk Neck, 43°0'S 148°0'E,dead , 80 m (6 v,C.356710); S of Hobart ,43°43'– 43°42.4'S 147°46'– 147°48.2'E, dead , 160 m (2 v, C.356702); Bass Strait , W of Banks Strait, 40°32'S 147°42'E, alive (13 pr, C.356788); Bass Strait , Deal Island, East Cove, 39°30'S 147°20'E,alive , 6–15 m (2 pr,C.357098);2 mls S of Tasman Head , S Bruny Island, 43°33'S 147°19'E, dead , 73 m (1 v, C.356707); D’Entrecasteaux Channel , SE side Partridge Island, 43°23.9'S 147°06.6'E, alive , 16.5–20 m (8 pr, C.356787); NW of Low Rocky Point , 42°51'S 145°0'E, dead , 146 m (1 v, C.124237); Seven Mile Beach, W side of Frederick Henry Bay , 42°51'S 147°30'E, dead (3 v, C.073930); Cremorne Bay , 42°58'S 147°32'E, dead (6 v, C.356706); Frederick Henry Bay, 42°53'S 147°34'E, dead (1 v, C.094536); Hobart, 42°53' S 147°19'E, dead (1 v, C.094537); D’Entrecasteaux Channel, Pierson’s, Point, 43°02'S 147°20'E, dead , 14.5–16.5 m (6 v,C.120944); D’Entrecasteaux Channel , 43°03' S 147°20' E,alive , 9–18 m (18 v, C.058572;14 v, C.097543;1 pr,C.110176); D’Entrecasteaux Channel , Killora Bay, 43°05'S 147°19'E, dead , 7.5 m (4 v, C.080639; 1 v, C.107275; 9 v, C.300338); D’Entrecasteaux Channel ,0.25 ml W of Roberts Point, 43°08'S 147°15'E,dead , 18–25.5 m (many v, C.096110); 1 ml W of Simpsons Point , 43°14'S 147°15'E, dead , 9–13 m (1 v, C.356598); Sheepwash Bay, W side of Bruny Island , 43°15'S 147°15'E,alive , 10–12 m (5 pr, C.147520); Simpsons Bay, D’Entrecasteaux Channel, South Bruny Island, 43°17'S 147°18'E, alive (1 pr, C.054112); Cox Bight , 43°30'S 146°15'E, dead (1 v, C.356594); Rocky Cape, 40°51'S 145°30'E, alive , 3 m (1 pr, C.357094); The Pinnacle , 1 ml off Cape Woolamai, 38°35'S 145°22'E, alive , 33 m (2 pr, C.357068); Stanley , 40°46'S 145°18'E,dead (1 v,C.356683); N of Three Hummock Island, 40°09'S 145°11' E, dead , 51 m (3 v, C.356708); Bass Strait , King Island, E of Grassy, 40°11'– 40°35' S 144°39'– 143°28'E,dead , 58–77 m (8 v, C.356595); E of King Island , 40°0'S 144°38'E, dead , 46 m (1 v, C.356711); W of Hunter Island , 40°30'S 144°37'E, dead , 44 m (4 v, C.356709); S of King Island , 40°20'S 144°36' E, dead , 55 m (3 v, C.356713). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Lacepede Bay , Kingston SE, 36°50' S 139°51'E,alive (6 pr, C.375791); Nuyts Archipelago, West Island, 35°37'S 138°36' E, alive , 53 m (1 pr, C.357085); 50 mls SE of Kangaroo Island , 37°0'S 138°33'E, dead , 77 m (19 v, C.082928); Adelaide , 34°58'S 138°32'E, alive (2 pr, C.047341); Adelaide , Glenelg Beach , 34°58'S 138°32'E, dead (1 v, C.356364); Port Adelaide , 34°52'S 138°30'E, dead (2 pr, C.375796; 1 pr, C.375797); Adelaide, West Beach, 34°56'S 138°30'E, dead (8 v, C.097544); SE of Kangaroo Island, 37°10'S 138°30'E, dead , 155 m (11 v, C.356484); Adelaide , Outer Harbour, 34°49'S 138°29'E, dead (2 pr, C.073486); Adelaide, Outer Harbour Beach, 34°49'S 138°29'E,dead (1 v,C.356491);Adelaide,Semaphore Beach, 34°50' S 138°29'E, dead (1 pr, C.375794); Gulf of St. Vincent, Largs Bay, 34°49'S 138°29'E, dead (3 v, C.094508);Adelaide, 2 mls off Glenelg, 34°59'S 138°28.5' E, alive , 3.5–11 m (1 pr, C. 357052; 1 pr, C.375792); Seaford , 35°11'S 138°28'E, dead (1 v, C.091011); Port Noarlunga, 35°09.1'S 138°27.8'E, dead (7 v, C.375793); Port Noarlunga, 35°09'S 138°27'E, alive , 5–7 m (1 pr, C.114869); Port Noarlunga , Onkaparinga Point, 35°10'S 138°27' E, alive , 14 m (many, C.117081); NE Kangaroo Island, Penneshaw , 35°43'S 137°56'E, alive , 5 m (1 pr, C.356487); Port Vincent , 34°47'S 137°52'E, dead (2 v, C.068384); Kangaroo Island , Eastern Point , Rocky Point, 35°48'S 137°50'E,dead (7 v, C.090608); Yorke Peninsula, off Edithburgh, 35°05' S 137°45.5'E, alive , 9 m (1 pr, C.357071); Edithburgh , 35°05'S 137°45'E, alive (1 pr, C.357072); Kangaroo Island, Kingscote, 35°39'S 137°38'E, dead (11 v, C.049180); off Pt Hughes, Tiparra Reef, 34°03'S 137°24'E, dead , 6–7.5 m (1 pr, C.356486); N coast Kangaroo Island , Knob Bluff, 35°37'S 137°14'E, alive , 18 m (1 pr, C.356493; 1 pr, C.357087; 8 pr,C.357089); Kangaroo Island, S coast, 36°0'S 137°11' E, dead (5 v, C.356479); N coast Kangaroo Island , Stokes Bay, 35°37'S 137°12'E, alive , 7 m (1 pr, C.356492); Kangaroo Island , 35°50'S 137°06'E, alive (2 pr, C.130119; many, C.303774); Spencers Gulf , 34°0'S 137°0'E,alive (2 pr,C.004561);N coast Kangaroo Island, Western River Cove, 35°41'S 136°58' E, dead , 0–5 m (1 v, C.356488); 40 ml S of Cape Wiles , 35°39'S 136°40'– 136°50'E, dead , 174–183 m (many v, C.032056); Spencer Gulf , Tumby Bay, 34°22'S 136°08'E,dead (16 v,C.356464); Eyre Peninsula, Point Warna, 34°32'S 135°56'E,alive , 1–2 m (1 pr, C.357060); Port Lincoln , Boston Bay, opposite Boston House, 34°51'S 135°56'E, alive , 2 m (1 pr, C.357056;2 pr, C.357091); Port Lincoln , 34°44' S 135°54' E, alive , 15 m (1 pr, C.357079); Port Lincoln , 34°47' S 135°51' E, alive (1 pr, C.012061; 1 pr, C.130118); W side of Thevenard, near Ceduna, 32°09' S 133°39'E, semi-sheltered rock platform,dead (3 v,C.092140); Petrel Bay, N of St Francis Island, 32°29' S 133°18'E, dead , 20–30 m (many v, C.100513); Nuyts Archipelago , St Francis Island, 32°29' S 133°18'E,alive , 15–37 m (1 pr,C.357100); St.Francis Islands , Masillon Island, 32°33'S 133°17'E, alive , 15–30 m (1 pr, C.356481); S of St. Francis Island , 33°0'– 33°05'S 133°05'– 133°10'E, dead , 64 m (19 v,C.356471); Great Australian Bight ,50 mls SW of Cape Adieu, 32°42'S 131°27'E, dead , 79 m (2 v, C.120186; many v, C.356367). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Great Australian Bight , 33°15'S 126°0' – 129°0'E, alive , 146–220 m (1 pr,C.356238); GreatAustralian Bight ,33°05'– 33°20'S 128°40'– 128°45'E, dead , 75–147 m (many v, C.079057); Great Australian Bight , 33°05' S 128°40'E, dead , 75 m (many v, C.094507;2 v,C.356483); 32 mls E of Madura,off Nullabor Plain Road , 32°0'S 126°30'E,dead (2 v,C.356355); GreatAustralian Bight,75 mls E of Rocky Point, 33°43'S 125°04'E,dead , 77–80 m (many v,C.100512); Duke of Orleans Bay , Esperance, 33°55'S 122°35'E, dead (2 v, C.069319); Recherche Archipelago, E of Sandy Hook Island, 34°02'S 122°03'E, dead(1 v, C.069373;1 v,C.356245); Recherche Archipelago, off Woody Island, 33°58'S 122°01'E, dead , 29–40 m (1 v, C.069368); Recherche Archipelago , off Remark Island, 34°04'S 122°0' E, alive , 37 m (5 v, C.356250); Great Australian Bight , E of Hood Point, 34°21'S 121°16' E, dead , 82 m (23 v, C.356354); Esperance area , 33°52'S 121°54'E, dead (1 pr, C.086085; 7 v, C.147408); E of Cheyne Bay, 34°55'S 119°0'E, dead , 71–76 m (13 v, C.094506; 1 v, C.356239); off Albany , 35°06'S 118°39'E, dead , 76 m (1 v, C.356254); King George Sound , 35°03' S 117°58'E, alive (2 pr, C.043569;12 pr, C.048277;4 pr,C.356288); Albany , 35°03'S 117°58'E,alive (3 v, C.010538); Albany , Emu Point, 35°0'S 117°57' E, dead, beach (8 v, C.090933); Albany, off Emu Point, 35°0'S 117°57' E, dead (12 v, C.356351); Albany, 1.5 ml N of Green Island, Oyster Harbour, 34°58'S 117°57' E, dead , 9 m (2 v, C.356252); Albany , Oyster Harbour side of Emu Point , 35°0'S 117°57'E,alive (2 v, C.356255;1 v, C.356353; 2 pr,C.357092); Albany , King George Sound , Middleton Beach , 35°01'S 117°56' E,alive (3 v, C.094504; 2 v, C.095280; 2 pr, C.375789); Albany , 35°02' S 117°53' E, dead (2 v, C.056936); Princess Royal Harbour , Hanover Bay, beach near Albany railway station, 35°02'S 117°53'E, dead (2 v, C.356352); S of Cape Leeuwin, 34°25'– 34°45'S 114°40'– 115°0'E, dead , 73–144 m (1 v, C.356233); W of Dunsborough, Eagle Bay, 33°33' S 115°04' E, dead (5 v, C.356236); off Dunsborough, 33°36'S 115°06'E, alive, 16.5 m (2 pr, C.356251); Geographe Bay , 33°37'S 115°18'E, alive (many, C.018015); Geographe Bay , 5 mls W of Busselton, 33°39'S 115°15'E, dead (1 v, C.083709); Geographe Bay , Busselton , 33°39'S 115°20'E, dead (2 v, C.375786); Geographe Bay, Busselton Jetty, 33°39'S 115°20'E, alive , 7.5 m (1 pr, C.108903); off Dunsborough , 33°36'S 115°06'E, dead , 16.5 m (10 v, C.356231); 3.5 km off Dunsborough , 33°36'S 115°04'E, dead , 16.5 m (4 v, C.086928); Bunbury , 33°0'S 114°41' E, dead (1 v, C.069293; 1 pr, C.093611); Cockburn Sound, Sulphur Rock, 32°11'S 115°40'E, alive , 17 m (3 pr, C.356229); Cockburn Sound , Woodman’s Point , 32°09'S 115°46'E,alive(1 pr,C.357097); Fremantle, 32°03'S 115°44'E, alive (5 pr, C.107392); Perth, Mosman Park, S of Cottesloe, 32°01' S 115°45'E, dead (2 v, C.356256); Cockburn Sound, off Fremantle, 32°09' S 115°43'E, alive , 18 m (3 pr, C.357082); Rottnest Island , Thomson Bay , 32°0'S 115°32'E, dead (5 v, C.118741; 3 v, C.132423); Rottnest Island , NE side, Thomson Bay , 32°0'S 115°33' E, dead (5 v, C.356227); Perth, Cottesloe Beach, 31°59'S 115°45'E, dead (2 v, C.094503; 6 v,C.356253);Perth, Cottesloe Beach & nearby beaches, 31°59'S 115°45'E,dead (many v, C.094505); Perth, City Beach, 31°56'S 115°45'E, dead (2 v, C.356247); Triggs, near Perth, 31°52'S 115°45' E, on open coast platform, dead (1 pr, C.356228); Carnarvon, 24°53'S 113°40'E, dead (5 v, C.375785); off Carnarvon, 24°52'S 113°36'E, alive (5 v, C.375784); 3 km off Carnarvon, 24°52' S 113°36'E, alive , 7.6 m (1 pr, C.357083).

Description. Shell up to c. 100 mm high, most specimens smaller, to c. 60 mm; rather thin to more solid, moderately to strongly inflated, almost equally convex; juveniles elongate, some acline; adults more nearly semi-circular and weakly prosocline; equivalve, slightly inequilateral, anterior auricles much larger and longer than posterior, umbonal angle c. 95° in juveniles, increasing to c. 110° in adults; colour polychromatic, many specimens reddish brown with a range of maculations.

Both valves sculptured with 24–30 evenly spaced, prominent, squamous radial plicae, flanked by subdivided squamous secondary and narrow spinous tertiary riblets in interplical spaces. Herringbone-like (complex of comm- and antimarginal) microsculpture in interstices. Auricles delicately radially sculptured as on disc, anterior auricle of right valve more coarsely sculptured with c. 5 prominent and 4 fine secondary riblets. Byssal notch deep, byssal fasciole moderately broad. Functional ctenolium well-developed, with 4–7 teeth. Internal rib carinae weakly developed on most specimens, short, present around ventral margin of thick shells. Resilial and dorsal teeth moderately prominent.

Dimensions. Illustrated specimen: TAS, D’Entrecasteaux Channel, 18 m (AM C.097543): rv: H 69.6, L 66.6 mm; lv: H 69.8, L 67.6 mm; D 25.5 mm.

Habitat. Mimachlamys asperrima is the most abundant and widespread scallop in southern Australia, living in the littoral zone to the upper bathyal zone in eastern and southeastern Australia from southern Queensland to Carnarvon, Western Australia, byssally attached to jetty piles, Pinna shells and rubble, always covered in sponges ( Hymedesmia species , det. R. W. M. van Soest, ZMA). The significance of epizoic sponges on scallop shells for the avoidance of starfish predators was described by Pitcher & Butler (1987); the sponge helps prevent recognition of the scallop by the predator. Consequently, apparently to help sponge adhesion, many species of chlamydoid scallops secrete more spinous sculpture on their plicae and costae when overgrown with sponge. In New Zealand and southern Australia, this includes most Talochlamys and Mimachlamys species and Zygochlamys delicatula (Dijkstra & Marshall, 2008: 56, 68, figs 53A, E). Adults of Mimachlamys asperrima become detached and live amongst weed and rubble in the littoral zone on soft sediment (sand/mud). In Tasmania, Mimachlamys asperrima grows to a much larger size than elsewhere and is found in similar surroundings to Equichlamys bifrons , in sand, mud and shell rubble (pers. comm. H. Morrison, 2002). Studies of its abundance and distribution in Tasmania have been carried out by (among others) Zacharin (1994) and Mendo et al. (2014).

Distribution. Southern Queensland (c. 26°S) southwards all around southern Australia to Western Australia (c. 24°S). Present specimens alive in the intertidal zone to 110 m (generally in 5–45 m); specimens from the Great Australian Bight live in exceptional depths (146–220 m).

Remarks. Mimachlamys asperrima is variable in size and thickness. The largest and thinnest specimens are found around Tasmania. Smaller and more solid shells occur along the mainland coast. It is also variable in convexity (from weakly to strongly inflated), radial sculpture (primary plicae and secondary costae with variable tertiary sculpture), and colour (polychromatic or uniformly brownish coloured).

This “doughboy scallop” is a locally common and occasionally commercially harvested species in Tasmanian waters.

For biostratigraphy see Beu & Darragh (2001: 136).