Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882

Calder, Dale R., 2013, Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA, Zootaxa 3648 (1), pp. 1-72 : 12-14

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3648.1.1
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treatment provided by	Felipe (2021-08-25 01:24:48, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-04 18:20:38)
scientific name	Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882
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Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882 View in CoL

Fig. 1i View FIGURE 1

Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882: 137 View in CoL , pl. 7, figs. 10–17.— Winston, 1982: 160; 2010: 232.— Jones 2002: 218.

Type locality. USA: Virginia, Hampton Roads, Fort Wool ( Clarke 1882) .

Voucher material. Fort Pierce Inlet , north jetty, north side, 27°28’24.1”N, 80°17’21.2”W, intertidal zone, on rocks, 14.vii.2012, 28° C, 35‰, collected manually, five colonies, up to 3.4 cm high, without gonothecae, coll. D.R. Calder, ROMIZ B3960 GoogleMaps .

Remarks. Colonies of the eurytopic hydroid Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882 are large, conspicuous, and widespread in shallow temperate and tropical waters. Female colonies are particularly distinctive in bearing fenestrated embryo-bearing perisarcal capsules along ultimate branchlets. Winston (1982) found it to be abundant during warmer months of the year at coastal sites in the Indian River region of Florida, where it provided substrate for bryozoans.

Evidence suggests that shipping has played a significant role in dispersal of Eudendrium carneum globally ( Watson 1985; Calder 2010). In the western North Atlantic, Fraser’s record of the species from 75 fathoms (137 m) off Cape Canso, Nova Scotia, is regarded as erroneous based on known temperature tolerances ( Calder 1990) and overall distribution of this warm-water hydrozoan.

Reported distribution. Atlantic coast of Florida. Indian River area ( Winston 1982, 2010).—Biscayne Bay ( Jones 2002).

Western Atlantic. South coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts ( Fraser 1944) to Brazil (Oliveira et al. submitted), including Bermuda ( Calder 1988), the Gulf of Mexico ( Calder & Cairns 2009), and the Caribbean Sea ( Calder & Kirkendale 2005).

Elsewhere. Circumglobal in tropical and warm-temperate waters ( Schuchert 2008; Calder 2010).

ORDER LEPTOTHECATA Cornelius, 1992

SUBORDER CONICA Broch, 1910

References

Broch, H. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Arktischen Meere. Fauna Arctica, 5, 127 - 248.

Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107.

Calder, D. R. (1990) Seasonal cycles of activity and inactivity in some hydroids from Virginia and South Carolina, U. S. A. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 442 - 450. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 90 - 065

Calder, D. R. & Kirkendale, L. (2005) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from shallow-water environments along the Caribbean Coast of Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41, 476 - 491.

Calder, D. R. & Cairns, S. D. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. & Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico. Origin, waters, and biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity. Texas A & M University Press, College Station, pp. 381 - 394.

Calder, D. R. (2010) Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago. Zootaxa, 2590, 1 - 91.

Clarke, S. F. (1882) New and interesting hydroids from Chesapeake Bay. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, 3, 135 - 142.

Cornelius, P. F. S. (1992) Medusa loss in leptolid Hydrozoa (Cnidaria), hydroid rafting, and abbreviated life-cycles among their remote-island faunae: an interim review. Scientia Marina, 56, 245 - 261.

Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp.

Jones, T. (2002) Biology and ecology of athecate hydroids in Biscayne Bay, Florida: potential use as bioindicators. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Miami, Coral Gables, 287 pp.

Schuchert, P. (2008) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115, 677 - 757.

Watson, J. E. (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 97, 179 - 221.

Winston, J. E. (1982) Marine bryozoans (Ectoprocta) of the Indian River area (Florida). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 173, 99 - 176.

Winston, J. E. (2010) Stability and change in the Indian River area bryozoan fauna over a twenty-four year period. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 38, 229 - 239.

Figures

FIGURE 1. a, Pennaria disticha: part of hydrocaulus with annulated pedicel and juvenile hydranth, ROMIZ B1118; scale equals 0.5 mm. b, Cladocoryne floccosa: stem and hydranth, ROMIZ B1114, scale equals 0.5 mm. c, Velella velella: juvenile, left-sailing form, ROMIZ B1113, scale equals 1 mm. d, Zanclea alba: pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B3961, scale equals 0.25 mm. e, Solanderia gracilis: tip of branch with three hydranths, ROMIZ B3962, scale equals 0.25 mm. f, Turritopsis fascicularis: pedicel and hydranth with medusa bud, ROMIZ B1106, scale equals 0.25 mm. g, Parawrightia robusta: part of pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B1110, scale equals 0.25 mm. h, Bimeria vestita: pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B1116, scale equals 0.25 mm. i, Eudendrium carneum: part of hydrocaulus with pedicel and hydranth, ROMIZ B3960, scale equals 0.25 mm.