Cerciplanus maricaensis, Maia, 2022

Maia, Valéria Cid, 2022, A new species of gall midge (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) on Ouratea cuspidata (A. St. - Hil.) Engl. (Ochnaceae), a plant endemic to Brazil, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20220034) 66 (3), pp. 1-5 : 2-5

Cerciplanus maricaensis , sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0E8A066D-EC47-4C22-890B-3083643344C ( Figs. 1-7 )

Adult. Length:male: 1.9 mm (n=1), female: 1.6–2.1 mm (n=5). Head

( Fig. 1a ). Eye facets hexagonal, closely approximated. Antennae: scape trapezoid; pedicel globose; two first flagellomeres connate ( Fig.1b ); male flagellomeres subequal in length, binodal and bicircumfilar, circumfilar loops regular in length, internodes and necks without setulae ( Fig.1c ); female flagellomeres cylindrical with ring-like circumfila, necks without setulae ( Fig. 1d ); 12 th flagellomere with setulose apical process in both sexes ( Fig. 1e ). Frontoclypeus with 10 setae. Labrum triangular, longattenuate, with three pairs of ventral sensory setae. Hypopharynx with anteriorly directed lateral setulae. Labella subtriangular, each with lateral setae and two short mesal setae. Palpus: first segment with 0.030 mm of length; second segment with 0.050 mm of length; third segment with 0.065 mm of length; fourth segment with 0.070 mm in male (n=1); in female: 0.010 mm; 0.015 mm; 0.020 mm and 0.04 mm, respectively (n=1). Second segment the widest in both sexes.

Thorax. Anepisternum with seven setae. Other pleura bare. Wing length (from arculus to apex):male, 1.4–2.3 mm (n=3); female, 1.2–1.3 mm (n=2); R5 joining C at wing apex; Rs barely evident, present only at its junction with R5 and situated slightly before midlength of R1, M3 absent, CuA forked ( Fig. 2a). Tarsal claws simple and bowed near 2/3 length in both sexes, empodium longer than bend in tarsal claws ( Figs. 2b–c).

Abdomen. Male ( Fig. 2d): 1 st –8 th tergites sclerotized, longer than wider, narrowing laterally, 1 st –7 th tergites with single posterior row of setae along entire posterior margin, no lateral setae, no anterior trichoid sensilla, and sparsely scales elsewhere; 8 th tergite bare; 2 nd –7 th sternites sclerotized, rectangular, with single and dense posterior row of setae, several setae irregularly distributed at midlength (less dense than in the posterior row), no anterior trichoid sensilla, and sparsely scales elsewhere; 8 th sternite sclerotized, ovoid with scattered setae and scales, no anterior pair of trichoid sensila. Female ( Figs. 3 a-b): 1 st –7 th tergites rectangular, with single posterior row of setae along entire posterior margin, no lateral setae, no anterior trichoid sensilla, and sparsely scales elsewhere; 8 th tergite not sclerotized; 2 nd –7 th sternites as in male, 8 th sternite not sclerotized. Male terminalia ( Fig. 4a ): gonocoxite stout, conical, truncated at apex, wide, 2.0 times longer than wide,; gonostylus claviform, slightly curved, 0.7 times the length of the gonocoxite, 6.7 times longer than wide, setulose at basal third and ridged elsewhere; cerci stout, widest basally, deeply bilobed, with irregular internal margin; hypoproct deeply bilobed, each lobe wider distally than basally, longer and thinner than cerci; aedeagus conical, elongate, longer than hypoproct, tapering to apex with few setose papillae dorsally. Ovipositor short, barely protrusible; cerci separate, 3.0 times wider than long, with setae evenly distributed, and microsetulae elsewhere ( Fig. 4b ); hypoproct short, bilobed, setose, with two long setae laterally at apex.

Pupa ( Fig. 4c ). Length: 1.6 mm (n=2). Head ( Fig. 5a ): apical seta with 0.17 mm of length (n=2), longer than dorsal plate length ( Fig.5b ); antennal horns absent; antennal papilla present; upper cephalic margin thickened laterally; lower and lateral facial papillae absent. Thorax: prothoracic spiracle setiform, with 0.19 mm of length (n=2), as long as palpus sheath ( Fig.5a ). Abdomen: 2 nd –8 th tergites with dorsal spicules, dorsal spines absent ( Fig. 5c ).

Larva. Body cylindrical; integument smooth; length: 5.2 mm (n=1); spatula clove-shaped with 0.35 mm of length (n=1), stalk long, less sclerotized distally than apically ( Figs. 6a, b ), full complement of lateral papillae; terminal segment ( Fig. 6c ) with four pairs of papillae, two pairs setose and two pairs asetose, ventral anus slit-shaped.

Gall ( Figs.7 a-b). Leaf gall, cylindrical with a pointed apical projection; length: 0.5 cm; basal wide: 0.3 cm; glabrous; brown, one-chambered. Number of larva/gall: 01. Pupation in the gall.

Etymology. The name maricaensis refers to the type locality.

Material examined. Holotype male, BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Grumari , 21.III.2003, Oliveira & Maia col., MNRJ . Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1 male ; Rio de Janeiro State, Maricá, Restinga of Barra de Maricá , 20.IX.2000, Maia & Azevedo col., 1 male, 2 females ; same locality, 13.IV.1987, Maia col., 1 male ; same locality and collector, 24.X.1987, 1 male ; 25.VII.1989, 1 male ; 25.VIII.1989, 1 female; 25.X.1998, 1 pupal exuvia; 23.XII, 1998, 1 male, 1 pupal exuvia, 1 larva; MNRJ .

Geographical distribution. The new species is restricted to Brazil, since its host plant is endemic to this country. Cerciplanus maricaensis occurs exclusively in the Atlantic Forest domain, where it has been recorded in two states:1) Espírito Santo: Guarapari (Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha) ( Bregonci et al., 2010), and 2) Rio de Janeiro: Angra dos Reis ( Ilha Grande) ( Maia and Oliveira, 2010), Mangaratiba (Ilha de Marambaia) ( Rodrigues et al., 2014), Rio de Janeiro (Grumari and Marambaia) ( Oliveira and Maia, 2005; Maia and Silva, 2016, respectively), Maricá (Itaipuaçu and Barra de Maricá), Carapebus (Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba) ( Maia, 2001), and São Francisco de Itabapoana (Estação Ecológica Estadual de Guaxindiba) ( Maia and Carvalho-Fernandes, 2016).

Comments. The new species was included in the genus Cerciplanus by presenting all diagnostic morphological characters of adults (male and female). The genus was previously known from two species: C. cipo Garcia & Urso-Guimarães, 2020 and C. tocantinensis Garcia & Urso-Guimarães, 2020 . The former induces galls on Heteropterys sp. ( Malpighiaceae ) and the latter on Ouratea spectabilis (Mart.) Engl. ( Ochnaceae ). The known geographic distribution of both species includes only Brazilian Cerrado: Serra do Cipó (State of Minas Gerais) and Araguaína (State of Tocantins), respectively. Therefore, Cerciplanus maricaensis , sp.n. is the first species described from the Atlantic Forest and the second associated with the plant genus Ouratea Aubl .. All Cerciplanus species induce galls on leaves, those of C. cipo and C. tocantinensis are conical, while the galls of Cerciplanus maricaensis , sp.n. are cylindrical with a pointed apical projection.

Cerciplanus maricaensis , sp.n. is easily distinguishable by the male tergites shape (narrowing laterally), female cerci shape (conspicuously wider than long), pupal antennal horns absent, elongate prothoracic spiracles, larval prothoracic spatula with wide teeth, long stalk and inner incision neither flat, nor wide, and asetose terminal papillae not equal in length. Based on larval morphological characters, the genus diagnosis need to be revised, as according to Garcia et al. (2020), larva has spatula with flat and wide inner incision, and asetose terminal papillae of equal size. As larva, pupa, male and female were obtained from gall rearing at laboratory and no other specimens of immature phases or adults of different morphology were obtained, there is no reason to doubt that immature phases and adults were correctly associated.

Key to the known species of Cerciplanus Garcia & Urso-Guimarães, 2020 ( Cecidomyiidae )

1. Males with tergites rectangular, females with cerci as long as wide or slightly wider than long, pupa with rudimentary antennal horns and reduced prothoracic spiracle .................................................................. 2

1`. Males with tergites narrowing laterally, females with cerci conspicuously wider than long, pupal antennal horns absent, elongate prothoracic spiracle ................................................. Cerciplanus maricensis sp.n.

2. Male with cercal lobes rounded apically (Fig. 9 of Garcia et al., 2020), pupa with antennal horns somewhat developed and prothoracic spiracle slightly projected (Fig. 12 of Garcia et al., 2020) .... Cerciplanus tocantinensis Garcia & Urso-Guimarães, 2020

2`. Male with cercal lobes not rounded apically (Fig.29 ofGarcia et al., 2020), pupa with antennal horns rudimentary and prothoracic spiracle not projected (Fig. 30 of Garcia et al., 2020) .... Cerciplanus cipo Garcia & Urso-Guimarães, 2020

Figures

Figure 1. Cerciplanus maricaensis sp. n.: a) Female head, frontal view; b) Male scape, pedicel and 1st–4th flagellomeres;c) Male 5th flagellomere; d) Female 5th flagellomere; d) Male 12th flagellomere.

Figure 3. Cerciplanus maricaensis sp. n., female abdomen: a) 3rd to 5th tergites, dorsolateral view; b) 4th and 5th sternites, ventrolateral view.

Figure 4. Cerciplanus maricaensis sp. n.: a) Male terminalia, dorsal view; b) Female cerci, dorsal view; c) Pupal exuviae, general aspect, ventral view.

Figure 5. Cerciplanus maricaensis sp. n., pupal exuviae: a) Head and prothoracic spiracle, ventral view; b) Apical plate, dorsal view (apical seta broken); c) Last abdominal segments, dorsal view.

Figure 6. Cerciplanus maricaensis sp. n., larva: a) Head and prothoracic spatula, ventral view; b) Prothoracic spatula, sternal and lateral papillae, ventral view; c)Terminal segment, ventral view.

Figure 7. Cerciplanus maricaensis sp. n.: a) Galled leaf of Ouratea cuspidata (A.St.- Hil.) Engl.(Ochnaceae), general aspect; b) Galls on Ouratea cuspidata (A.St.-Hil.) Engl. (Ochnaceae), longitudinal section.