Paratrigonoides mayri, Camargo, João M. F. & Roubik, David W., 2005

Camargo, João M. F. & Roubik, David W., 2005, Neotropical Meliponini: Paratrigonoides mayri, new genus and species from western Colombia (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae) and phylogeny of related genera, Zootaxa 1081, pp. 33-45 : 35-38

Paratrigonoides mayri sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Worker. See discussion and boldface characters under foregoing description of the genus.

Holotype. Worker ( Table 1, Figs. 1–5 ).

Dimensions. Total length ca. 4.66 mm; anterior wing length, from apex of costal sclerite to wing tip, 4.14 mm (including tegula, 4.75 mm); maximum head width 1.94 mm.

Integument color. Body predominantly dark­ferrugineous, except yellow markings described below; mesoscutum dark; legs and wing veins ferrugineous, wing membrane hyaline. Yellow markings pronounced on head, thorax and tibial base of all legs. Paraocular mark widened below, filling space between epistomal suture and ocular orbit, with small gap near antennal socket, continuing above to tangent of superior orbit, terminating in short truncation ( Fig. 1 ); clypeus with massive somewhat anchor­shaped mark (as in P. l i n e a t a); supraclypeal area with widened trapezoidal marking, filling the area to level of mid antennal sockets; on frons, oblong marking each side of median line, closer to antennal sockets than to ocelli and small circular mark beneath lateral ocelli; gena having small band at inferior orbit. Pronotum with transverse band, pronotal lobe entirely yellow, with barely translucent median area. Mesoscutum banded on each side, from anterior edge to axilla, each as wide as 5/8 diameter of third flagellomere; axilla yellow; scutellum with wide postero­marginal band, notched on anterior median line ( Fig. 4 ). On tibiae I and II, yellow marks extend to median line, along basal two­thirds; on tibia III, following posterior margin to little past middle.

Vestiture. Pale­whitish erect hairs on entire body, slightly yellowish on tarsi; paraocular area, clypeus, supraclypeus and inferior face having silvery decumbent micropilosity; upper one­half of face with sparse erect hairs, increasing in length toward vertex; between ocelli, ca. 18 hairs little longer than diameter of median ocellus and slightly serrate; slightly longer on lower gena; scape somewhat micropilose, with some small erect hairs, one­fourth its diameter; a row of robust setae, branched at apex, along preoccipital lamella ( Fig. 2 ), the longest slightly shorter than diameter of median ocellus. Mesoscutum with sparse erect hairs; scutellum with erect finely plumose hairs, longest at posterior edge, approximately one­half scutellum length; ventral hairs of the mesepisternum, up to approximately 0.30 mm in length. Metaposnotum glabrous. Abdominal terga II to V mostly glabrous, some micropilosity at sides and premarginal bands of terga III–V, more abundant and more branched on VI and VII, especially along margin of latter, and as long as the diameter of median ocellus; sternal erect hairs branched, those at edges having recurved tips backward.

Integument. Matte­microreticulate on head and thorax, more densely on face and mesoscutum (ca. 10–15 piligerous micro­punctures per ocellar diameter slightly finer than in P. lineata ); genae slightly smoother and more shining; metapostnotum, particularly in the disc, with marked alveoli (7–8 per ocellar diameter), pentagonal or hexagonal, delimited by fine carinulae. Outer surface of tibia III smooth and shiny, somewhat tessellated at base. Abdominal terga smooth and shiny, in particular on II and III, superficially microreticulate.

Form and proportions (measurements in Table 1). Head 1.09 x wider than long, 1.70 x wider than clypeo­ocellar distance. Eyes 2.62 x longer than wide, converging slightly below. Malar space very short, one­forth diameter of third flagellomere. Clypeus length 0.51 x its maximum width, 0.42 x clypeo­ocellar distance. Mandibles 0.69 x clypeoocellar distance in length, having two denticles on inner apical edge, the internal one truncate on apex ( Fig. 5). Labrum 2.64 x wider than long, normal, convex, apical margin slightly arched. Supraclypeal area widened, forming, at each side, a flange, partly covering antennal sockets. Scape 0.79 x alvelo­ocellar distance in length, normal, diameter approximately that of third flagellomere. First flagellomere somewhat longer than wide. Inter­ocellar distance 1.48 x greater than ocello­orbital, 2.12 x diameter of median ocellus. Upper preoccipital ridge having fine lamella curving upward ( Fig. 2 ). Scutellum 2.7 x wider than long, distal margin semicircular, slightly over­roofing the apex of metanotum. Tibia III subtriangular, 0.79 x head width, 2.51 x longer than wide (as in P. lineata , but somewhat wider and with the postero­distal edge slightly more rounded). Basitarsus III 1.94 x longer than wide, posterior margin sinuous, slightly expanded at apex and posterodistal edge slightly projected, rounded. Forewing 2.54 x longer than wide, 2.13 x head width.

Type material. Holotype, worker, from Colombia “S. Jeronimo (Ant.) en Bacharis [sic] sp, Feb. 1978, A. Molina P.” [San Jerónimo, Antioquia, NW Medellín, 6°25N/ 75°43W]; paratypes, 5 workers, with the same locality label, in addition to one worker taken by malaise trap, from “ Colombia: Bolivar, Los Colorados, Alto el Mirador, 400 m, 9º54” N, 75º07” W ” [ca. 400 km N of San Jerónimo], anonymous. Holotype deposited in USNM (Smithsonian Institution) Washington, D. C., paratypes deposited in the National University, Medellin, STRI (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, D. W. Roubik collection), and Departament of Biology of the Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo ( RPSP, Camargo collection).

1. total length 4.66

2. head width 1.94 3. head length (from clypeal apex to vertex) 1.77

4. compound eye length 1.44 5. compound eye width 0.55

6. superior interorbital distance 1.09 7. maximum interorbital distance 1.30 8. lower interorbital distance 0.97

9. median ocellus diameter 0.18

10. distance between lateral ocelli 0.34 11. ocello­orbital distance 0.23

12. interalveolar distance 0.37 13. alveolus­lateral ocellus distance 0.87 14. alveolar diameter 0.16

15. clypeus length 0.48 16. clypeus width 0.94

17. clypeo­ocellar distance 1.14 18. length of malar space 0.03

19. length of scape 0.69 20. scape diameter 0.11

21. pedicel length 0.15 22. length of first flagellomere 0.14

23. width of first flagellomere 0.13 24. length of third flagellomere 0.13

25. width of third flagellomere 0.12 26. mandible length 0.79

27. mesoscutum length 1.24 28. mesoscutum width 1.33

29. scutellum length 0.42 30. scutellum width 0.87 31. forewing length to apex of costal sclerite 4.14

32. forewing length including tegula 4.75 33. forewing width 1.63 Etymology. The species of this new genus is named in honor of Ernst Mayr, one of the central architects of the synthetic theory of evolution, born on 5 July, 1904, deceased on 3 February, 2005, at 100 years of age.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Paratrigonoides mayri gen. nov., sp. nov. 1, head, frontal view; 2, head, detail of preoccipital carina; 3 – 4, profile and dorsal view. Scale = 1.0 mm.