Ariadna bicolor ( Hentz, 1842 )

Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2018, The taxonomy of the American Ariadna Audouin (Araneae: Synspermiata: Segestriidae), Zootaxa 4400 (1), pp. 1-114 : 16-19

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4400.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:59CC08B8-5B13-42EC-943E-C930D7D0DD7F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987857

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B87D1-FFEB-B108-169B-FE74C3B9F84E

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Ariadna bicolor ( Hentz, 1842 )
status

 

Ariadna bicolor ( Hentz, 1842) View in CoL

Figures 12‒13 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13 , 67 View FIGURE67

Pylarus bicolor Hentz, 1842: 225 , pl. 8, figs 3‒4 (♂ ♀ syntypes from north Alabama, USA, lost, according to Beatty, 1970: 458).

Pylarus pumilus Hentz, 1842: 226 , pl. 8, fig. 5 (Immature holotype from North Carolina and north Alabama, lost, according to Beatty, 1970: 458). — Emerton (1875: 22, Syn.).

Ariadna pallida C. L. Koch, 1843: 90 , pl. 350, fig. 817 (♀ holotype from Pennsylvania, USA, unknown depository, not examined).‒ Simon (1893a: 322, Syn.).— Petrunkevitch (1911: 131).— Beatty (1970: 459).

Pylaris bicolor — Emerton (1875: 21).

Ariadne rubella Keyserling, 1877: 229 (♀ holotype from New Orleans [29°58'N; 90°03'W], Louisiana, USA, E. Keyserling leg., deposited in NHM 907.1.480, examined).— Banks (1901: 188, Syn.).

Ariadna bicolor View in CoL — Emerton (1876: 131; 1890: 201, pl. 8, fig. 3; 1902: 23, figs 73‒74).— Simon (1907: 263, fig. 5).— Kaston (1948: 63, figs 11‒16).— Beatty (1970: 458, figs 38, 42‒43).—Platnick et al. (2012: 8, figs 36‒45).— World Spider Catalog (2018).

Ariadna pennsylvanica Simon, 1892: 556 (lapsus for A. pallida ).— Beatty (1970: 458, Nomen nudum, Syn. with A. pallida ).

Ariadna mexicana Banks, 1898: 212 View in CoL (♀ holotype from La Chuparosa [23°34'N; 110°00'W], Baja California, Mexico, N. Banks leg., deposited in MCZ 22044, examined). — Beatty (1970: 458, Syn.).

Ariadna pragmatica Chamberlin, 1924: 606 View in CoL (♀ holotype from Tepoca Bay [30°15'N; 112°49'W], Sonora, Mexico, 25.IV.1921, J.C. Chamberlin leg., deposited in CAS 1389, examined).— Beatty (1970: 463).— World Spider Catalog (2018).— NEW SYNONYMY.

Ariadna philosopha Chamberlin, 1924: 606 View in CoL (♀ holotype from Isla Partida [24°33'45"N; 110°22'42"W], La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, 22.IV.1921, J.C. Chamberlin leg., deposited in CAS 1390, examined; Paratypes: 3 immatures, same data, deposited in CAS 9039597, examined).— Beatty (1970: 458, Syn.).

Ariadna scholastica Chamberlin, 1924: 607 View in CoL (♀ holotype from Patos Island [29°16'14"S; 112°27'16"W], Gulf of California, Mexico, 25.IV.1921, J.C. Chamberlin leg., deposited in CAS 1391, examined).— Beatty (1970: 463, Syn. with A. pragmatica View in CoL ).— NEW SYNONYMY.

Synonymy. Chamberlin (1924) describes A. pragmatica and A. scholastica , distinguishing them based on the distance between the posterior median and lateral eyes presented by the holotypes. After the types examination, this character does not appear to be diagnostic, relatively to others related to the leg macrosetae pattern and the female internal genitalia. Therefore, A. pragmatica and A. scholastica are here proposed as junior synonyms of A. bicolor .

Additional material examined. USA: Massachusetts State: Plymouth County: Wareham [41°45'45"N; 70°43'20"W], 1♀, 20.VI.1961, B.J. Kaston leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Bristol County: SE of New Bedford [41°27'04"N; 70°55'20"W], in Buzzard Bay , Penekese Island , off stone wall, 3♀ 1imm., 7.VIII.1923, R. E.C. leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Nantucket County: Coatue Penninsula [41°18'48"N; 70°03'16"W], 1♀ 2imm., 19.XI.1976, J. Coddington leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Connecticut State: New Haven County: Guilford [41°17'N; 72°41'W], Yale Biological Station , 1♀, 5.IV.1975, J. Coddington leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Guilford, Leete's Island [41°16'58"N; 72°40'55"W], 1♀, 12.IX.1927, B.J. Kaston leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Branford [41°16'40"N; 72°47'59"W], 1♀, 22.V.1936, B.J. Kaston leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; California State: Los Angeles County: Santa Catalina Island [33°23'N; 118°25'W], 1♀, 27.V.1921, J.C. Chamberlin leg. ( CAS 9039605 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Missouri State: Newton County: Neosho [36°51'20"N; 94°22'35"W], 1♀, 31.III.1963, W. Peck leg. ( CAS 9039616 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Newtonia [36°52'43"N; 94°10'58"W], 3♀, 30.V.1962, W. Peck leg. ( CAS 9039601 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Ozark County: 1mi SO. Zanoni Mill , 1♀ 1imm., 16. X.1 983, W. Peck leg. ( CAS 9039614 View Materials ) ; West Virginia State: Monongalia County: Morgantown [39°40'50"; 79°46'49"W], WV Universtity Forest , Chestnut Ridge , 1♂, 22‒30.V.1989, D.T. Jennings leg. ( USNM) ; 2♂, 30.V‒5.VI.1989 ( USNM) ; 2♀, 19‒26.VI.1989 ( USNM) ; 1♀, 26.VI‒3.VII.1989 ( USNM) ; Virginia State: Fairfax County: MacLean , C. & O. Canal near Herzog Island [38°58'31"N; 77°12'47"W], 1♂, 18.X.1935, E.A. Chapin leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Falls Church [38°52'56"N; 77°10'16"W], 1♂ 1imm., Banks leg. ( MNHNP-AR 7048 ) GoogleMaps ; same locality, 1♀, 22.II.1935 ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Rockbridge County: without specific locality, 1♂, 18. VI.1926, Barrows leg. ( USNM) ; Maryland State: Montgomery County: Takoma Park [38°58'48"N; 77°00'08"W], 2♀, 9.V.1943, E.S. Ross leg. ( CAS 9039506 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Rockville [39°05'01"N; 77°08'54"W], 1♂, 23.V.1991, W.E. Steinerd & J.M. Swearingen leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Chesapeake Bay [36°59'45"N; 75°57'34"W], 1♂, 16.IX.1912 ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Prince George's County: Hyattsville [38°57'25"N; 76°57'05"W], in a house, 1♂, 21.IX.1990, G. Hormiga leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; District of Columbia: Washington D. C. [38°53'42"N; 77°02'11"W], 1♂, 9.IX.1969, Dr. J. Stuart leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 2imm. ( USNM) ; Arizona State: Coconino County: 3mi. NE. Sedona, Oak Creek Canyon [34°54'45"N; 111°43'37"W], 1♀, 17.XI.1988, C.P. Kistensen leg. ( CAS 9039608 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Pima County: Tucson [32°13'18"N; 110°55'35"W], Ajo Way in Tucson Mts. , saguaro palo verde desert, 2♀, 1.VIII.1988, D. Richman leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; New Mexico State: Otero County: Mountain Park [32°57'02"N; 105°49'29"W], 1♀, 26.VIII.1960, E.S. Ross leg. ( CAS 9039525 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Texas State: Willianson County: 3 mi S. of Taylor off highway Tex. 95 [30°34'21"N; 97°25'00"W], 2♀, 27.IV.1960, D. Campbell & P.R. Craig leg. ( CAS 9039533 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Travis County: Austin [30°15'N; 97°45'W], 1♀, 1‒10.VIII.1945, D.L.F. & H.E.F. leg. ( CAS 9039609 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Bastrop County: 2 mi W. Cedar Crk. [30°05'11"N; 97°30'05"W], 1♀, 16.I.1969, B. Vogel leg. ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Cameron County: Brownsville [25°55'49''N; 97°29'04''W], Palm Groove , 1♀, 28.IX.1942, W.S. Ross leg. ( CAS 9039558 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Arkansas State: Washington County: Fayetteville [36°04'35"N; 94°09'39"W], 1♀, V.1968, Lowarren leg. ( CAS 9039613 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Louisiana State: New Orleans [29°58'N; 90°03'W], 1♀, 30.I.1942, E.S. Ross leg. ( CAS 9039522 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Alabama State: Cleburne County: Cheaha State Park (33°29'N; 85°49'W), 1♀, VII.1984 ( USNM) GoogleMaps ; Georgia State: Chatahoochee County: Cusseta [32°18'20"N; 84°46'37"W], 1♀, 10.IV.1960, D. Campbell & P.R. Craig leg. ( CAS 9039549 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; North Carolina, Colorado, Louisiana States : without specific locality and date, 2♂ 45♀ 13imm., Morr leg. ( MNHNP-AR 7043 ) ; Without specific information: North America , 1♀ ( NHM 90.7.1.481 ) ; Washington, 1♀ ( NHM 90.7.1.482 ) ; MEXICO: Baja California del Norte State: Ensenada , Isla Cedros [28°10'58"N; 115°13'04"W], 1♀, 22.II.1945, B. F.O. Tafall leg. ( AMNH) GoogleMaps ; Baja California del Sur State: Sierra Laguna [23°34'N; 110°00'W], 17 air mi. ENE Todos Santos 6000', 2♀ 5imm., 12‒18.XII.1979, C.E. Griswold leg. ( CAS 9039538 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Isla San Diego [25°12'01"N; 110°41'53"W], 1♀, 27.V.1921, J.C. Chamberlin leg. ( CAS 9039615 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Isla San Francisco , E. part [24°50'N; 110°35'W], 1♀, 27.III.1971, V.F. Lee leg. ( CAS 9 View Materials 039519) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. Ariadna bicolor is similar to A. pilifera , A. comata and A. weaveri due to the morphology of the palp ( Figs 13A‒B View FIGURE 13 , 28A‒B View FIGURE 28 , 42A‒B View FIGURE 42 ) and macrosetae pattern of the tibia II of females, but differ by the presence of males with the metatarsi I with two lateral conical apophyses, one on each side, bearing no macrosetae ( Fig. 12C‒E View FIGURE 12 ) and females presenting the dorsal lobe longer than the ventral lobe ( Fig. 13C‒D View FIGURE 13 ).

Description. Male (Rockville—USNM). Carapace and chelicerae brownish orange ( Fig. 12A View FIGURE 12 ). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange with darker margins, and three pairs of dark marginal areas ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ). Palps light brownish orange ( Fig. 13A‒B View FIGURE 13 ). Legs brownish orange with pairs I‒II darker ( Fig. 12C‒E View FIGURE 12 ). Abdomen grey dorsal and ventrally, lighter laterally ( Fig. 12A‒B View FIGURE 12 ). Total length 5.6; carapace 2.88 long, 2.08 wide. Chelicerae not projected ( Fig. 12A View FIGURE 12 ). Palps: tibia slightly incrassated, with the dorso-ventral diameter about the same as half of the bulb, sometimes with a prolateral macrosetae; bulb sub-rectangular, mid-portion and embolus of almost equal lengths; embolus tubular, curved and tapered ( Fig. 13A‒B View FIGURE 13 ). Legs: robust and sparsely coated with setae ( Fig. 12C‒E View FIGURE 12 ); tibia I with the one distal ventro-retrolateral macrosetae lanceolated ( Fig. 12D View FIGURE 12 ); tarsal brush of putative chemosensory setae present on legs I‒IV, but reduced in pair I. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 2.96, patella 1.0, tibia 2.52, metatarsus 2.28, tarsus 0.88, total 9.64; II, 2.84, 1.0, 2.56, 2.4, 0.72, 9.52; III, 2.12, 0.88, 1.6, 1.72, 0.64, 6.96; IV, 2.6, 1.04, 2.08, 1.92, 0.64, 8.28. Macrosetae: I, femur D0-0-0-1/ 0-0-2-0, P0-0-0-0-2/1-1-0; tibia P1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-0-0, vr1-1-0-1-0-1-0-1(lanceolated/apophysis), R1-0- 1-0-1-0-1-0; metatarsus P0-0-1-0-0-0-0, vp1-0-0-1-0-0-1, vr0-0-0-1-0-0-1 ( Fig. 12C‒E View FIGURE 12 ); II, femur D0-1-1-1-0-1-0, P0-0-0-0-0-1-0; tibia P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp0-0-0-0-1/0-0-1, vr2-0-1-0-1-0-1, R0-1-0-1-0-1-0; metatarsus P0-1-0-0-0- 0-0, vp1-0-0-1-0-0-1, vr1-0-0-1-0-0-1, R0-1-0-0-1-0-0; IV, femur D0-1-1-1-0-0-0, R0-0-0-0-0-1-0; metatarsus P0- 1/0-0-0-0-1-1, vp0-0-1-0-0-0-1, vr metatarsal comb with 3 setae.

Female (2 mi W. Cedar Crk.—USNM). Carapace and chelicerae dark brownish orange, with the cephalic region and chelicerae darker ( Fig. 12F View FIGURE 12 ). Endites brownish orange; labium dark brownish orange. Sternum brownish orange with darker margins, and three pairs of dark marginal areas ( Fig. 12G View FIGURE 12 ). Palps orange, gradually darkening to distal direction. Legs brownish orange with pairs I‒II darker ( Fig. 12H‒I View FIGURE 12 ). Abdomen as in male ( Fig. 12F‒G View FIGURE 12 ). Total length 10.0; carapace 4.56 long, 2.92 wide. Carapace with wavy margins; cephalic region elevated. Chelicerae as in male ( Fig. 12F View FIGURE 12 ). Legs: robust and densely coated with setae; legs I‒II with ventro-prolateral and ventro-retrolateral tibial macrosetae of similar size, and metatarsal macrosetae of different size ( Fig. 12H‒I View FIGURE 12 ). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III.

Leg measurements: I, femur 3.12, patella 1.52, tibia 2.32, metatarsus 2.2, tarsus 0.68, total 9.84; II, 2.8, 1.52, 2.4, 2.12, 0.68, 9.52; III, 2.32, 1.28, 1.6, 1.64, 0.6, 7.44; IV, 2.92, 1.56, 2.24, 1.72, 0.64, 9.08. Macrosetae: I, femur P0- 0-0-0-1-0-0/1-0; tibia vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1, vr1-0-1-0-1-0-1; metatarsus vp1-1-1-1-1-1/0-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1 ( Fig. 12H‒I View FIGURE 12 ); II, femur P0-0-0-0-0/1-1-0-0; tibia vp0-0-0-0-0-1-1, vr1-0-1-0-1-0-1; metatarsus vp1-1-1-1-1-1/0-1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-0/1-1-1-1; IV, metatarsus vp0-0-0-0-0-0-1, vr metatarsal comb with 3 macrosetae. Internal genitalia: anterior receptaculum with expanded ventral lobe, glandular plate located in the median region of the receptaculum and expanded in the proximal region ( Fig. 13C‒D View FIGURE 13 ).

Variation. Male (n=10): total lenght 5.2‒7.36; carapace 2.8‒3.76 long, 2.0‒2.68 wide; femur I 2.8‒3.96. Female (n=10): total lenght 7.68‒10.48; carapace 3.2‒4.56 long, 2.0‒2.92 wide; femur I 2.24‒3.32

Distribution. Southeast and southwest of USA, and north and northwest of Mexico ( Fig. 67 View FIGURE67 ).

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

NHM

University of Nottingham

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Segestriidae

Genus

Ariadna

Loc

Ariadna bicolor ( Hentz, 1842 )

Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos 2018
2018
Loc

Ariadna pragmatica

Chamberlin 1924: 606
1924
Loc

Ariadna philosopha Chamberlin, 1924 : 606

ChamBerlin 1924: 606
1924
Loc

Ariadna scholastica

Chamberlin 1924: 607
1924
Loc

A. pragmatica

Chamberlin 1924
1924
Loc

Ariadna mexicana

Banks 1898: 212
1898
Loc

Ariadna pennsylvanica

Simon 1892: 556
1892
Loc

Ariadne rubella

Keyserling 1877: 229
1877
Loc

Ariadna pallida

C. L. Koch 1843: 90
1843
Loc

A. pallida

C. L. Koch 1843
1843
Loc

A. pallida

C. L. Koch 1843
1843
Loc

Pylarus bicolor

Hentz 1842: 225
1842
Loc

Pylarus pumilus

Hentz 1842: 226
1842
Loc

bicolor

Hentz 1842
1842
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