Cloeodes irvingi Waltz & McCafferty, 1987

Lima, Lucas R. C., Jacobus, Luke M. & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2014, First description of imago and redescription of nymph for Cloeodes irvingi Waltz & McCafferty, 1987 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), Zootaxa 3838 (5), pp. 575-582 : 576-580

Cloeodes irvingi Waltz & McCafferty, 1987

( Figs. 1–17 )

Diagnosis. Nymph: 1) antenna about 1.5 × length of head capsule; 2) labrum with dorsal arc of setae composed of 2 + 0 + 2 long, spine-like setae ( Fig. 6 ); 3) segment III of labial palp subquadrangular ( Fig. 11 ); 4) fore femur with apex not projected, with 2 blunt setae ( Fig. 13 ); 5) tarsal claw 0.4 × length of tarsi; 6) abdominal segments I–II brown with blackish transversal mark on the posterior margin; segments III, V–VII and IX–X brown with whitish marks ( Fig. 5 ); 7) paraproct with 10−13 marginal spines ( Fig. 17 ); 8) caudal filaments with posterior margin of segments with short spines on each segment and long spines on every four segments.

Male imago: 1) turbinate eyes with inner margins parallel ( Fig. 1 ); 2) abdominal terga I–II brown with blackish transversal mark on the posterior margin; segments III, V–VII and IX–X brown with whitish marks; 3) marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins ICu1–ICu2, ICu2–CuP single, and between Sc–R1 and CuP–A absent ( Fig. 2 ); 4) segment II of forceps with medial constriction ( Fig. 4 ); 5) segment III of forceps elongated; 6) posterior margin of subgenital plate rounded.

Descriptions. Male imago: Length. Body: 3.3–4.2 mm; antenna: 0.7–0.8 mm; fore wing: 3.8 mm; tibia I: 1.6 mm; tibia II: 0.7 mm; tibia III: 0.6 mm; caudal filament: broken off.

Head ( Fig. 1 ). Brownish. Turbinate portion of compound eyes dorsally dark brown, stalk reddish brown. Antennae light brown. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oblong; length 1.6 × width; stalk height 0.8 × length of dorsal portion; inner margins parallel ( Fig. 1 ).

Thorax ( Fig. 1 ). General coloration brown. Metanotum with grayish margins. Anteronotal protuberance rounded. Metascutellar protuberance pointed and projected dorsally.

Legs. General coloration translucent brown; all femora with transversal blackish mark. Leg I: tibia 2.7 × length of femur; tarsi 2.5 × length of femur and four segments decreasing on length apically. Leg II: 1.4 × tibia length of femur, tarsi 0.8 × length of femur. Leg III: tibia 1.0 × length of femur, tarsi 0.8 × length of femur.

Fore wing ( Fig. 2 ). Membrane hyaline. Longitudinal and cross-veins pale yellow. Stigmatic area with four cross veins touching subcostal vein. Marginal intercalary veins paired, except between veins ICu1–ICu2 and ICu2–CuPsingle, and between Sc–R1 and CuP–A absent; length of each intercalary vein between IMA and IMA2 0.5 × distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of fore wing about 2.3 × width.

Hind wing present ( Fig. 3 ). Membrane hyaline; veins pale yellow; with 2 complete longitudinal veins. Costal process hooked; located on basal third.

Abdomen ( Fig. 1 ). Tergum I brown; terga with segments II −VI whitish translucent and VII −X brown. Tergum I with transversal blackish line on posterior margin; terga II and IV–VII with blackish line interrupted at middle on posterior margin. Tergum IV with medio-postero transversal spots. Tracheation blackish. Sterna with segments II −VI whitish translucent, I and VII −X light brown.

Genitalia ( Fig. 4 ). Light brown. Forceps segment I subrectangular; 0.3 × length of segment II; distance between the base of forceps 0.3 × distance between lateral margins of forceps. Segment II of forceps with medial constriction; inner margin undulated. Forceps segment III 1.7 × longer than wide, 0.1 × length of segment II. Posterior margin of subgenital plate rounded.

Nymph: Length. Body: 4.1−5.5 mm; antenna: 1.3−1.6 mm; cerci: 1.0−1.2; terminal filament: 1.3−1.5.

Head. Light brown with a narrow median longitudinal band brown along the length of vertex; compound eyes and ocellus of male surrounded yellow. Frons with area between antennal bases yellowish. Turbinate portion of compound eyes of male dark brown. Antenna light brown; 1.5 × length of head capsule.

Labrum ( Fig. 6 ). Rectangular, broader than long, length about 0.7 × maximum width; dorsal surface flat; distal margin with medial emargination and small process. Dorsally with many short, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; dorsal arc of setae composed of 2 + 0 + 2 long, spine-like setae. Ventrally with submarginal row of setae decreasing in length toward medial region, composed of lateral and anterolateral bifid and frayed setae, medial setae simple and bifid; ventral surface with 3 short, blunt setae near the anterolateral margins; lateral margin with fine simple setae.

Right mandible ( Fig. 7 ). Inner and outer set of incisors respectively with 3 + 3 denticles. Prostheca slender, bifurcated at middle, inner lobe long, pectinate, outer short and frayed. Margin between prostheca and mola almost straight; tuft of setae between prostheca and mola absent; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; tuft of setae at apex of mola present, reduced to bifid seta. Lateral margins almost straight and bare; basal half bare.

Left mandible ( Fig. 8 ). Inner and outer set of incisors respectively with 3+ 3 denticles. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate and with comb-shape structure at apex. Margin between prostheca and mola almost straight, without crenulations; tuft of setae absent; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; subtriangular process wide, above level of area between prostheca and mola; denticles of mola not constricted; tuft of setae at apex of mola absent. Lateral margins almost straight and bare; basal half bare.

Hypopharynx ( Fig. 9 ). Lingua subequal in length to superlingua; apex with anteromedial lobe rounded, with short, fine, simple setae; medial tuft of short setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua not expanded; fine, simple setae scattered over lateral and distal margin and basal half of lateral margin with short, spine-like setae.

Maxilla ( Fig. 10 ). Crown of galea-lacinia with 3 denticles and one denti-seta; inner dorsal row of setae with 3 pectinate denti-setae. Medial protuberance of galea with 1 short, spine-like setae + 5 long setae. Maxillary palp reaching apex of galea-lacinia; two-segmented; setae on maxillary palp, short, fine and simple, scattered over surface, a simple setae at apex of segment II; palp segment II 1.3 × length of segment I; apex of last segment not constricted at base.

Labium ( Fig. 11 ). Glossa basally broad, narrowing apically and subequal in length to paraglossa; base of glossa well expanded (reaching more than 2/3 of paraglossa); inner margin with 11−14 spine-like setae increasing in length apically, outer margin with 10−12 long, spine-like setae increasing in length apically; ventral surface with a row of 5−6 spine-like setae near inner.Paraglossa sub-rectangular, curved only at apex; apex with 2 rows of spinelike setae; outer margin with a row of 15−16 long and spine-like setae; ventrally with a row of 5 spine-like setae near to inner margin; dorsal surface bare. Labial palp with segment I 0.9 × length of segments II and III combined; segment I covered with short, simple setae and micropores near to outer margin; inner margin of segment II bare; outer margin with short, fine setae; dorsally with row of 4−5 spine-like, simple setae; ventrally with short, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; segment III subquadrangular length 1.2 × width; covered with spine-like simple setae on ventral surface; dorsally with a row of blunt, spine-like, long setae near to apex and inner margin.

Thorax ( Fig. 5 ). General coloration brown with yellow marks. Fore wing pads light brown.

Hind wing pad. Present; light brown.

Fore leg ( Fig. 12 ). General coloration yellowish; femora with a central light brown spot on anterior surface; tarsal claw yellowish brown. Ratio of fore leg 1.4:1.0 (0.5 mm):1.0:0.2.

Fore femur. Length about 3.9 × maximum width; dorsally with a row of 7 blunt setae (in lateral view they look like spine-like setae); length of setae about 0.1 × maximum width of femur; apex not projected with 2 blunt setae ( Fig. 13 ); ventrally with 5 simple setae; anterior surface with abundant scale-bases and scales near to ventral margin.

Tibia. Dorsally with row of abundant, long, fine, simple setae; ventrally with a row of 6 short, spine-like setae; two lanceolate setae subapically; anterior surface with abundant scale bases and scales near to dorsal margin; tibiopatelar suture present. Subtending bristle present ( Fig. 14 ).

Tarsus. Dorsally with a row of abundant long, fine setae; ventrally with row of 11 spine-like setae and a lanceolate setae near the apex; anterior surface with scale bases and scales scattered over surface; tarsal claw bare, 0.4 × length of tarsi.

Mid and hind leg similar to fore leg.

Abdomen ( Fig. 5 ). General coloration brown. Segments I–II brown with blackish transversal mark on the posterior margin. Segments III, V–VII, and IX–X brown with whitish marks. Segments IV and VIII clearer; male mature nymphs showing two spots in medial area of segment IV. Terga surface with abundant scale bases and micropore; posterior margin of terga with regular spines, 1.7 × as long as wide ( Fig. 15 ). Spines present in posterior margin of segments III −X (in some species present spines on segments II–X, but weakly developed on segment II). Sterna with spines present in posterior margin of segments III −IX.

Gills ( Fig. 16 ). Opaque, trachea dark gray; inner and outer margins light brown. Margin with broad spines and short, fine, simple setae on the apex. Trachea extending from main trunk to inner margin. Gill I about 1.0 × length of segment II; oval. Gill IV about 0.5 × length of the segment V and VI combined; oval. Gill VII about 1.0 × length of segment VIII, oblong.

Paraproct ( Fig. 17 ). With 10−13 marginal spines; surface with abundant scale-bases and micropores; posterolateral extension with blunt marginal spines and scale-bases scattered on surface.

Caudal filaments. Yellowish-brown. Posterior margin of segments with short spines on each segment, and long spines on every four segments.

Life cycle association. Rearing male imagos from nymphs.

Distribution. PARAGUAY. BRAZIL: states of Ceará, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo ( Salles et al. 2003, 2004, 2010; Boldrini et al. 2012; Lima et al. 2012).

Material examined. Holotype, male larva, Paraguay, Paraguari, Parque Nacional Ybicui, Arroyo Mina, edge, 02.x.1984, Bonace RT ( PERC). 14 nymphs, Brazil, state of Pernambuco, Amaraji, Rio Amaraji, 20.i.2011, 8°21'48.9"S, 35°28'49.0"W, 320 m, Lima LRC, Nicacio G cols. ( PERC); five nymphs, same as preceding except 21.iv.2012, Lima LRC coll. ( CZNC); six nymphs and three male imagos (reared), same as preceding except 28.iv.2012 (six nymphs CZNC, two male imagos PERC, and one male imago INPA); three nymphs and one male imago (light trap), Brazil, state of Pernambuco, Amaraji, Rio Amaraji, Poço do Carreiro, 28.iv.2012, 8°22'1.94"S, 35°28'8.73"W, 269 m, Lima LRC coll. ( UFPE); one male imago (light trap), Brazil, state of Pernambuco, Correntes, Rio Correntes, Cachoeira Encontro das Águas, 14.ii.2012, 9°11'04.5"S, 36°21'19.7"W, 513 m, Lima LRC, Souza WRM cols. ( UFPE); two nymphs, Brazil, state of Pernambuco, Correntes, Rio Correntes, Barragem da Compesa, 15.ii.2012, 9°08'13.0"S, 36°19' 57.5W ", 386 m, Lima LRC, Souza WRM cols. ( INPA); one nymph, Brazil, state of Pernambuco, Cortês, Sirinhaém, Banho da Ilha, 05.ii.2011, 8°30’06.5”S, 35°31’28.6”W, 223 m, Lima LRC, Nicacio, G cols. ( PERC); same as preceding except 20.iii.2011 ( UFPE).

Additional material. Paratype, slide mounted in Euparal (head capsule and fore leg missing), Paraguay, Departamento. Amambay, Parque Nacional, Cerro Cora, Arroyo Panamy, riffle sample, 05.xi.1983, Bonace RT ( PERC).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Male imago of Cloeodes irvingi. 1. Dorsal habitus; 2. Fore wing; 3. Hind wing; 4. Genitalia (ventral view).

FIGURES 5 – 11. Nymph of Cloeodes irvingi. 5. Dorsal habitus; 6. Labrum (right: ventral view; left: dorsal view); 7. Right mandible (ventral view); 8. Left mandible (ventral view); 9. Hypopharynx (ventral view); 10. Maxilla (ventral view); 11. Labium (right: ventral view; left: dorsal view).

FIGURES 12 – 17. Nymph of Cloeodes irvingi. 12. Fore leg (anterior surface); 13. Apex of fore femur (anterior surface); 14. Subtending bristle (anterior surface); 15. Posterior margin of tergum IV; 16. Gill IV, with detail of margin; 17. Paraproct.