Scolopostethus pilosus Reuter, 1875

Neimorovets, Vladimir V., 2024, Review of the genus Scolopostethus Fieber, 1860 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae) from Central Asia with description of a new species, Zootaxa 5477 (4), pp. 401-435 : 415-419

Scolopostethus pilosus Reuter, 1875

( Figs. 16–19 , 37, 38 , 55, 56 , 75–78 , 91, 92 , 103 , 110 , 116 , 125 , 131 )

Scolopostethus pilosus Reuter, 1875: 562 ; new name for affinis sensu Thomson, 1870 .

Material examined. KAZAKHSTAN: Alma-Ata [Almaty], Zhenzhurist leg., 8 VII 1946, 1♀ .

Extralimital material examined. BELARUS: Lavy, Vitebsk Governorate and uezd [now in Gomel Prov., Rogachev Distr. ] , Birulya leg., 19 V 1926, 1f; BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: Central-Bosnia , Reitter leg., 1♂ ; POLAND: Bodzentin Kielce County, Jakobson leg., 29 IV 1895, 1♀ ; RUSSIA: Astrakhan Prov.: Astrakhan, collection of Jakovlev , 1♀ ; Bashkortostan Rep.: Village Aleksandrovskaya, Belebeyev uezd, Ufa Governorate [now in Bashkortostan Rep.], I. Sokolov leg, VIII 1907, 1♂; Belgorod Prov.: Shebekino, Kursk Governorate [now in Belgorod Prov.], Oak Forest , A. Serebryanikov leg., 23 III 1906, 1♂; Bryansk Prov.: Bryansk, Oryol Governorate [now in Bryansk Prov.], V . Stark leg., 27 VI 1925, 1♂; Bryansk, Oryol Governorate [now in Bryansk

Prov. ], Vinogradov-Nikitin leg., 28 V 1908, 1♀ ; Bryansk, Oryol Governorate [now in Bryansk Prov.], V. Stark leg., 26 VI 1921, 1♂ ; Bryansk experimental forestry, Vinogradov-Nikitin leg.; 27 VI 1907, 2♀♀ ; Crimea Rep.; Simferopol , collection of V. Jakovlev, 25 IV 1907, 1♂ ; Komi Rep.: Studenets , G.A. Kozhevnikov leg., 1 X 1902, 1♂ ; Krasnodar Ter., Stanitsa Slavyanskaya [Slavyansk-on-Kuban], lower flow of the Kuban River , Rysakov leg., 10 III 1936, 1♀, 1♂ ; Stanitsa Chernoerikovskaya, Kuban Prov. [now in Krasnodar Ter.], Rysakov leg., 18 IV 1933, 1♀ ; Stanitsa Grivenskaya, Tamansky Otdel Kuban Prov. [now in Krasnodar Ter.], Rysakov leg.; 24 IV 1933, 2♀♀ ; Lvovskaya [Lvovskoe], the Aushed River , north-west Caucasus, Kurcheva leg., 11 VI 1956, 1♀ ; Leningrad Prov. and Saint-Petersburg: Nikolaevka , Tsarskoselsky uezd [nr Shushary, Saint Petersburg], V. Kizeritsky leg., 20, 30 V 1915, 2♀ ; Petropol [Saint-Petersburg], A. Kuschak leg.; Petersburg Governorate [now in Leningrad Prov.], collection of Kirichenko, 1♂ ; village Lebyazhya Peterhof uezd, Bianki leg., 20 V, 23 VI 1898, 12 V, 13 VI 1899, 2♀♀, 2♂♂ ; Lesnoy [Saint-Petersburg], Bianki leg., 20 IX 1898, 13, 19 IV 1899, 1♀, 2♂♂ ; Lesnoy, St. Petersburg , Novotortsev leg., 23 VIII, 20 IX 1898, 1♀, 1♂ ; Lesnoy, N [ Novotortsev ] leg., 20 IX 1898; 1♀ ; Railway Station Gorelovo, Baltiysk Railway , Novotortsev leg., 10 V 1898, 1♀ ; Gorelovo, Petersburg uezd, Bianki leg.; 6 IX 1899, 1♀ ; Krestovsky Island, St. Petersburg , Bianki, 3 IX 1895, 1♀ ; Koporye, Peterhof uezd, Bianki leg., 23 VI 1899, 1♀ ; Estate Olgino, Peterhof uezd, Bianki; 17 VI 1902, 2♀♀ ; Volkovo field, St. Petersburg , A. Morawitz leg, 25 IV 1862, 1♂ ; Serezhino, Yamburgsk. [Kingiseppsky District], Bianki leg.; 22 VI 1896, 1♀ ; Sablino, October Railway , I. Gromov leg., 17 IV 1922, 1♂ ; Sablino, October Railway, Germovskoe Swamp , I. Gromov leg., 16 VI 1922, 1♀ ; Petersburg Governorate [now in Leningrad Prov.], Sablino, A.N. Kirichenko leg., 8 VII 1922, 1♂ ; Leningrad [St. Petersburg], Shuvalovsky Park, Sidorsky leg., 18 IV 1936, 1♀ ; Kolomyazhskoe Field, St. Petersburg , Miram leg.; 1 V 1911, 1♀ ; St. Petersburg, Mitrofanovskoye Cemetery , Vlasov leg., 23 VIII 1906, 1♂ ; Lipetsk Prov.: Gremyachka, Dankovsky uezd [now Lipetsk Prov.], Ryazan. , Mr.A. Semenov leg., 2 X 1899, 19 IX, 21 X 1901, 1 IX 1902, 5 X 1904, 19 X 1906, 6♀♀, 1♂ ; Moscow Prov.: Moscow Governorate , Klinsky U. [Klinsky Distr.], Bablivo [Boblovo], DS leg., 1 June 1905, 1♂ ; Nizhny Novgorod Prov.: Staraya Pustyn, Gorky Prov. [Nizhny Novgorod Prov.], Kirichenko leg., 31 VIII, 5, 7 IX 1939, 5♀♀, 2♂♂ ; Novgorod Prov.: R. [river] Tigoda, Novgorod. u. [now Novgorod Prov.], A. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky leg., 3 V, 5 IV 1908, 1♀, 2♂♂ ; Novosibirsk Prov.: Kolyvan, Tomsk Governorate [now in Novosibirsk Prov.], Tarasova leg., 19 V 1911, 1♂ ; Orenburg Prov.: Orenburg, Forshtad Meadows , Navozov leg., 20 IV 1911, 1♀ ; Tatarstan Rep.: Kazan , Chekanovsky leg., 5 V 1875, 3♀♀ ; Kazan , Ksenzhopolsky leg., 29 IV 1975, 1♀ ; Tomsk Prov.: Tomsk , Chugunov leg., 1–12 V 1899, 1♂ ; Tyumen Prov.: Tobolsk , Fridolin leg., 22 V 1925, 27 V 1927, 3♀♀, 2♂♂ ; Vologda Prov.: Totma , Barovsky leg., 25, 30 VI 1935; 1♀, 1♂ ; Voronezh Prov.: Ternovka [Ternovskoye], Svalsk. Lesn [Savalskoe lesnichestvo, Ternovsky District], Voronezh Oblast, Stark leg., 27 IV 1951, 1♂ ; Kalach, Voronezh. region Lukyanovich leg., 24–25 VII 1937, 1♀ ; UKRAINE: Kharkov Prov.: Donetsk Biological Station , Zmiev, Kharkov, Arnoldi leg., 24 VIII 1934, 1♂ ; Kherson Prov.: Oleshky, Kardash. Swamp, lower reaches of the River Dnieper , Egorov leg., 24 V 1927, 1♀, 1♂ ; Oleshky, lower reaches of the River Dnieper , Egorov leg., 24 V 1927, 1♀ ; Burkuty Plavni, lower reaches of the River Dnieper , G. Libidov leg., 15 IV 1922, 1♂ ; Khmelnytskyi Prov.: Kamianets-Podilskyi, Candle factory, Yakubovsky leg., 12 III 1911, 1♀, 1♂ ; Lugansk Prov.: Railway Station Vilkhove, Lugansk okrug, Talitsky leg., 6 IV 1928, 1 V 1929, 3♀♀, 3♂♂ ; Railway Station Vilkhove, Lugansk okrug, Likhosherstov leg., 1 V 1929; Odesa Prov.: Maryina Roshcha on the River Tiligul , Znoiko leg., 16 IV 1921, 1♀ ; Regio Chersonensis, Chernovo [Andrievo-Ivanivka], Ananyevsk uezd [now in Odesa Prov., Berezivka Distr.], D. Znoiko leg., 17 I, 15, 20–24 IV 1921, 2♀♀, 1♂ ; Poltava Prov.: Poltava, Lukyanovich leg., 15 IV 1925, 2♀♀, 1♂ ; Zaporizhzhia Prov.: Prov. Taurica R. mer, Kamenka [now KamiankaDniprovska], S. Medvedev leg., 24 IX 1930, 1♂ .

Diagnosis.

Body length 3.8–4.4 mm in female and 3.6–3.9 mm in male. Body dorsally covered with dense erect setae 1.8–2.3 times as long as width of hind tibia ( Figs. 16–19 , 102 ). Posterior lobe of pronotum usually with two very dark spots at posterior border ( Figs. 75–78 ). Mesosternum without acute tubercle at middle ( Figs. 91, 92 ). Apex of scutellum usually light. Fore femur very dark or black, only apex and base light ( Figs. 55, 56 ). Hind femur light with darkening of distal third ( Fig. 110 ). Hemelytron with wide darkening at distal. Lobe on inner margin of dorsal opening of pygophore not triangular, as in Fig. 116A . Blade of paramere not expanded in its middle or expanded unclear in dorsal view, blade clearly bent at apex in lateral view ( Fig. 125 ). Brachypterous (more often to according collection of ZISP), macropterous and submacropterous rarer ( Figs. 16–19 ).

Measurements given in Appendix 2 ( Tables 1–4 ).

Scolopostethus pilosus is similar to S. lethierryi and S. ferganensis sp. n. in the body proportions, coloration, and the long vestiture of dorsum ( Figs. 102–104 ). But both S. lethierryi and S. ferganensis sp. n. have light fore femorar ( Figs. 53, 54, 59–62 ). In S. lethierryi the length of setae on hemelytron is 1.3–1.8 times as long as width of the hind tibia ( Fig. 103 ); ( Figs. 53, 54 , 109 ), the scutellum is completelly dark, the blade of the paramere is extended in its middle in lateral view, the blade with distinct cutout at its apex ( Fig. 124 ). S. lethierryi is always macropterous. In S. ferganensis sp. n. the anterior margin of the pronotum with wide dirty yellow edging ( Figs. 79–84 ), the blade of the paramere is narrowed towards apex in ventral view, the apical part of blade somewhat bent inward in lateral view ( Fig. 126 ).

Distribution. The nominative subspecies S. pilosus pilosus Reuter, 1875 is distributed throughout almost all of Europe, Russia (the European part and Siberia), Kazakhstan ( Asanova, 1980; Péricart, 1998, 2001; Vinokurov, 2007). The collection locality from Kazakhstan is shown in Fig. 135 .The subspecies S. pilosus maderensis Reuter, 1881 is found from the Canary Islands and Madeira.

Natural History and Bionomics. In Western Europe, this species is found in damp places in forests and near water ( Kulik, 1967; Péricart, 1998). In Ukraine, S. pilosus prefers light forests of deciduous or coniferous trees and fallow lands with ruderal plants ( Putshkov, 1969). S. pilosus inhabits the litter, where it probably feeds on various seeds and fungal hyphae. The imago overwinters. The viposition occurs from the second half of May to the end of July in moist litter. Larvae develop in 45–55 days. The adults of a new generation appear from the end of July. Larvae (instars IV and V) are found until September. One generation per year ( Péricart, 1998).

Notes. All information about the finds of S. pilosus from Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, Kirghizia ( Kiritshenko, 1964; Popov, 1965; Putshkov, 1969; Péricart, 1998) is most likely erroneous and belongs to the new species S. ferganensis sp. n.

Figures

FIGURES 14–19. Scolopostethus lethierryi and S. pilosus, dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view: 14—S. lethierryi, female; 15—S. lethierryi, male; 16—S. pilosus, female, brachypter; 17—S. pilosus, female, macropter; 18—S. pilosus, male, brachypter; 19— S. pilosus, male, macropter.

FIGURES 29–38. Antenna of Scolopostethus species: 29—S. affinis, female, macropter; 30—S. affinis, male, brachypter; 31—S. decotatus, female; 32—S. decoratus, male; 33—S. thomsoni, female, macropter; 34—S. thomsoni, male, macropter; 35—S lethierryi, female; 36—S lethierryi, male; 37—S. pilosus, female, brachypter; 38—S. pilosus, male, brachypter.

FIGURES 47–62. Anterior leg of Scolopostethus species: 47—S affinis, male, brachypter; 48—S affinis, female, brachypter; 49—S. decoratus, male; 50—S. decoratus, female; 51—S. thomsoni, male, brachypter; 52—S. thomsoni, female, macropter; 53—S. lethierryi, male; 54—S. lethierryi, female; 55—S. pilosus, male, brachypter; 56—S. pilosus, female, macropter; 57—S. puberulus, male, submacropter; 58—S. puberulus, female, macropter; 59—S. ferganensis sp. n., female, macropter; 60—S. ferganensis sp. n., female, brachypter; 61—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, macropter; 62—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, brachypter.

FIGURES 63–84. Pronotum of Scolopostethus species: 63—S. affinis, female, macropter; 64—S. affinis, female, brachypter; 65—S. affinis, male, macropter; 66—S. affinis, male, brachypter; 67—S. thomsoni, female, macropter; 68—S. thomsoni, female, brachypter; 69—S. thomsoni, male, macropter; 70—S. thomsoni, male, brachypter; 71—S. decoratus, female; 72—S. decoratus, male; 73—S. lethierryi, female; 74—S. lethierryi, male; 75—S. pilosus, female, macropter; 76—S. pilosus, female, brachypter; 77—S. pilosus, male, macropter; 78—S. pilosus, male, brachypter; 79—S. ferganensis sp. n., female, brachypter; 80—S. ferganensis sp. n., female, submacropter; 81—S. ferganensis sp. n., female, macropter; 82—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, brachypter; 83—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, submacropter; 84—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, macropter.

FIGURES 85–98. Mesosternum of Scolopostethus species, lateral view: 85—S. affinis, female, macropter; 86—S. affinis, male, brachypter; 87—S. decoratus, female; 88—S. decoratus, male; 89—S. lethierryi, female; 90—S. lethierryi, male; 91—S. pilosus, female, macropter; 92—S. pilosus, male, brachypter.; 93—S. puberulus, female, macropter; 94—S. puberulus, male, brachypter; 95—S. thomsoni, female, macropter; 96—S. thomsoni, male, macropter; 97—S. ferganensis sp. n., female, macropter; 98—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, macropter.

FIGURES 99–105. Pubescence on the dorsal surface of the body of Scolopostethus species, lateral view: 99—S. affinis, male, brachypter; 100—S. thomsoni, male, brachypter; 101—S. decoratus, female; 102—S. pilosus, male, brachypter; 103—S. lethierryi, female; 104—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, submacropter; 105—S. puberulus, male, submacropter.

FIGURES 106–112. Posterior leg of Scolopostethus species: 106—S. affinis, male, brachypter; 107—S. decoratus, female; 108—S. thomsoni, male, brachypter; 109—S. lethierryi, female; 110—S. pilosus, female, brachypter; 111—S. puberulus, female; 112—S. ferganensis sp. n., male, brachypter.

FIGURES 113–116. Pygophore of Scolopostethus species: 113—S. affinis, brachypter; 114—S. decoratus; 115—S. thomsoni, brachypter; 116—S. pilosus, brachypter.

FIGURES 120–126. Left paramere of Scolopostethus species, lateral (A) and ventral (B) view: 120—S. affinis, brachypter; 121—S. decoratus; 122—S. thomsoni, macropter; 123—S. puberulus, submacropter; 124—S. lethierryi; 125—S. pilosus, brachypter; 126—S. ferganensis sp. n., macropter.

FIGURES 131–133. Aedeagus of Scolopostethus species, dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view: 131—S. pilosus, brachypter; 132—S. puberulus, brachypter; 133—S. ferganensis sp. n., macropter.

FIGURES 134–137. Localities of Scolopostethus species on the territory of former Soviet Central Asia based on materials from the ZISP collection: 134—S. decoratus; 135—S. lethierryi (red circle) and S. pillosus (blue circle); 136—S. ferganensis sp. n.; 137—S. thomsoni. Used map: https://www.shadedrelief.com/world/Data/map1_type.jpg by Tom Patterson, February 2018.