Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García, 2023

Sendra, Alberto, Sánchez-García, Alba, Hoch, Hannelore, Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto, Selfa, Jesús, Moutaouakil, Soumia, Preez, Gerhard Du, Millar, Ian & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2023, Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura), European Journal of Taxonomy 894 (1), pp. 1-54 : 12-21

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.894.2287
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:11C1DFE4-02F2-4FEA-BAD1-ACCAEA3590DB
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389005
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/59A02F26-DCDF-49DC-AA64-B0E88526A63C
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:59A02F26-DCDF-49DC-AA64-B0E88526A63C
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García
status	gen. et sp. nov.

Treatment

Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:59A02F26-DCDF-49DC-AA64-B0E88526A63C

Figs 8–15 View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig

Etymology

The specific name refers to the country of origin, Morocco.

Type material

Holotype MAROC • ♀; Agadir-Ida Outanane region, Imi Ougoug Cave ; 30°36′44.83″ N, 9°28′1.64″ W; 26 Feb. 2020; Rodrigo Lopes Fereira leg.; labelled “♀-holotype - MHNM -ZAD01 ”; MHNM. GoogleMaps

Description

BODY. Elongate ( Fig. 15C‒D View Fig ), length 26 mm; maximum width at urotergite VII 2.6 mm. Epicuticle reticulate under optical microscope; with micropores at higher magnifications (urite X with 4 micropores/μm 2, diameter 0.10‒0.14 μm ( Fig. 11B View Fig ). Cuticle unpigmented, with sclerotized areas on mandible tips, femoral and tibial condyles, ventral apodemes of abdominal segment VIII, distal part of styles, abdominal segment X, and cerci. Body and appendages covered with very abundant ms setae as well as s, sM, and M, in addition to abundant mbsM on antennae.

HEAD. Antenna length 8.6 mm, 0.33× length of body, with 41 antennomeres; basal antennomere short, followed by three slightly longer antennomeres with reinforced borders visible on ventral side; medial antennomeres as long as wide ( Fig. 8A–B View Fig ). Proximal antennomeres with ms, s, and a few long M; medial and distal antennomeres with a few ms and abundant s setae plus to two whorls of mbsM ( Fig. 8B View Fig ); apical antennomere with s and mbsM and about 24 placoid sensilla distributed in 4‒5 groups ( Fig. 8C‒F View Fig ). Trichobothria present on antennomeres IV‒VI in a 2/3/3 pattern, with a trichobothria (dorsal one) in proximal position. Head with a few s setae and M and abundant ms setae; on dorsal side 14+14 M: A1, 4, S4, 6, V1−2, V4, M3, M5, I2, L4−5 and P1−2 ( Fig. 9A View Fig ); on ventral side: submentum with large 2+2 M in anterior and posterior position plus 5+5 sM, admentum with 3+3 M, mentum at base of labial palps with 2+2 M; external lobes of mentum with abundant sM; the pair of the exertil vesicles of the external lobes visible in the holotype ( Fig. 10A View Fig ). Labial palp 4× as long as wide, with one proximal sM and seven medial and distal sM. Lacinia falciform, well sclerotized, with the five laminae pectinate.

THORAX. Thoracic segments elongate, with a few s and abundant ms setae. Pronotum with 5+5 M1−5 and 6+6 sM; prescutum of mesonotum with 1+1 M; mesonotum with 5+5 M1−5 and 6+6 sM; prescutum of metanotum with 1+1 M and 3+3 sM; metanotum with 5+5 M1−5 and 11+11 sM ( Fig. 9B‒D View Fig ). Thoracic sternites, intersternites, and presternites well-defined with ms, s, and M; sM difficult to distinguish from M so they have all been counted as M ( Fig. 10B‒D View Fig ). Pro-presternites and pro-, meso- and metasternites with internal Y-shaped cuticular structures (furcisternites) ( Barlet & Carpentier 1962); only in pro-presternites the prolongation of the posterior branch (spine) is visible on the surface ( Denis 1949). Pro-presternum with 4+5 M; prosternum with 6 medial anterior M, 7+7 lateral anterior M, and 26+26 lateral posterior M; meso-poststernum with 10+9 M; meso-intersternum with 11+11 M; mesosternum with 12 medial anterior M, 11+11 lateral anterior M, and 25+25 posterior M; meta-poststernum with 14+12 M; meta-intersternum with 11+10 M; metasternum with 19 medial anterior M, 12+14 lateral anterior M, and 20+24 posterior M ( Fig. 10B‒D View Fig ). Legs slightly short, hind leg 4.9 mm long, reaching third abdominal segment. Femur-tibia-tarsus articulations with a row of sM; coxa and trochanter with 9 ventral M; femur with 6 ventral and 5 dorsal M; tibia with 6 ventral and 3 dorsal M; tarsus with 3 dorsal M and abundant sM plus two ventral rows of seven and six thick setae and a calcar at ventral apex thicker than other M. Pretarsus with two short, thick, unequal claws and a sharp medial unguiculus.

ABDOMEN. Abdominal tergites with scarce s and sM. Prescutum of urotergite I with 1+1, scutum with 1+1 sM (ma), 1+1 M5 and 2+1 sM; urotergite II with 1+1 sM (ma), 2+2 M1−2, and 2+2 M4−5; urotergites III‒VII with 1+1 ma and 5+5 M1‒5; tergite VIII with 5+5 M1−5; urite IX with 8+8 ventral M ( Fig. 9E‒F View Fig ). Urite X ( Fig. 12A‒D View Fig ) 1.8× as long as wide, with distinctly marked carinae; carinae with subparallel margins slightly converging towards posterior border; dorsal side with 6+6 M intracarinal (D1−6 M), 1+1 M between D2, one sagittal M between D4, 1+1 M between D6 ( Fig. 12A View Fig ), acropygium rounded ( Fig. 12A View Fig ); lateral side with 7+7−8+8 M (L), and several sM ( Fig. 12C View Fig ); ventral side with 52 M setae apparently arranged in 6 rows from right lateral side to left lateral side ( Fig. 12D View Fig ). Urosternites with scarce ms and s setae and abundant sM and short M. Prescutum of urosternite I with 12+13 M; scutum with up to 120 M plus 200 sM on posterior position ( Fig. 10E View Fig ). Median glandular organ with abundant pseudospores (Ps), more than 30 ( Fig. 11B View Fig ). Lateral subcoxal organ with one row of about 120 glandular setae (GS) and one row of 140 sensory setae (SS); lateral subcoxal organ occupying 0.38× of interstylar area; GS/st1 (stylus of first sternite) = 0.3; SS/st1= 0.08 ( Fig. 11A View Fig ). Urosternites II‒III with about 140 M; urosternites IV‒VII with about 160 M; urosternite VIII with about 50 M between two well-defined carinae plus 5+5 M on lateral side of carinae ( Fig. 10F‒I View Fig ). Cerci asymmetric, strong, length 2.3 mm, straight in the proximal half and curved in the distal half, becoming a large hook towards apex; heavily sclerotized with dorsal and ventral outer carinae arising from dorsal and ventral acetabular articulations; carinae extending to apex ventrally and almost reaching the apex dorsally ( Figs 13A View Fig , 14A‒B View Fig ). Cerci dorsally concave and with the distal ends upward ( Fig. 12C View Fig ). Teeth subsymmetrical. Right cercus with medial tooth pointed; predental margin with two rows of 3+3 small round denticles; postdental margin scraper-like, very protruding, with a row of 15 denticles terminating near the hook. Predental margin of left cercus with three rows of 8+5+7 denticles (superior and intermediate rows with round denticles; inferior row with pointed denticles) terminating at medial large tooth; postdental margin with 11 small round denticles terminating before the hook. Right cercus with 18, 32, 30 M (dorsal, lateral, and ventral); left cercus with 19, 30, 30 M (dorsal, lateral, and ventral). Campaniform sensilla present on hook and inner margins of cerci ( Figs 13‒14 View Fig View Fig ).

Taxonomic affinities

Following Paclt (1957a) Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov. resembles Indjapyx in the morphology of the cerci with two predental rows on the right and left margins, and in simple lateral subcoxal organ with pseudospores on the medial organ. The genus Indjapyx has 27 described species, all of which are from southern mainland Asia and islands ( Pagés 1984, 1994, 2002). As pointed out by Silvestri (1930a) and Pagés (1984), a distinctive feature of Indjapyx is the proximal position of the a trichobothria (dorsal one), which is also present in Imazighenjapyx marocanus gen. et sp. nov. However, I. marocanus lacks the typical abundant ms setae on dorsal head and shows three characters unknown in other japygid taxa: the right cercus has a highly protruding, scraper-like postdental margin; the numerous thoracic macrosetae (prosternum with 72 M, mesosternum with 84 M and metasternum 89 M); and the singular micro-barbed sM on antennomeres.

Habitat

Imi Ougoug is a limestone cave located 43 kilometres northeast of Agadir City, at the bottom of a cliff overlooking the Talmat River. The cave is 1097 meters long. It has a low entrance leading to a narrow zig-zag passage that bifurcates after 10 meters; on the left, the largest upstream segment leads to a large chamber (32 m long and 9 m high in the middle). This part is separated into two sections that end with siphons. On the right, a sinuous path with casings and basins continues alternately and terminates 435 m from the entrance, at - 65 m, on a little siphoning lake ( Fig. 15 View Fig ).

Forty meters from the entrance, a single specimen of Imazighenjapx marocanus gen. et sp. nov. was discovered in the right branch. The specimen was found on the cave wall in a lateral overflow of the meander between a temporary waterfall and the first lake.

The entrance’s morphology, which is completely rounded, and all other morphological elements clearly indicate a losing stream function for the downstream part (right): pebbles and a giant’s kettle indicate a free flow. Many ancient stalagmitic masses that eroded and polished with a marble appearance stand noticeably. However, it appears that in the event of a severe flood, the cavity will almost completely fill up.

After “Win-Timdouine” Cave, this is the region’s second most touristic cave. It has several names: “Ifri Ouado”, a Berber term that means “the blowing cave” due to the air current that comes out of it. The other name for the cave is “grotte des araignées,” which means “cave of spiders” referring to the large quantity of opilions that can be found there behind the entrance.