Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) bifasciata ( Schrank, 1781 )

Podenas, Sigitas & Byun, Hye-Woo, 2016, Metalimnobia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea, Zootaxa 4132 (3), pp. 330-346 : 334

Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) bifasciata ( Schrank, 1781)

Species was previously unknown from the Korean Peninsula.

Diagnostic features. General coloration yellow or brownish yellow. Body length of male 7.4–12.3 mm, that of female 7.1–11.1 mm. Wing length of male 11.0– 15.2 mm, that of female 9.3–14.2 mm. Ground color of mesonotal prescutum polished yellow to brownish yellow, turning pale at posterior margin. Two polished black median stripes extend along entire length of sclerite, but shape of them varies individually. These stripes turn into dark brown in older specimens. Usually these stripes are separated along entire length by narrow line of ground color, but in some specimens they reach each other at both ends. Usually stripes are getting distinctly narrower in the middle, thus line, separating them, gets wider. In some specimens median stripes are completely interrupted in the middle by ground color. Lateral stripe reduced to distinct black spot at posterior margin of prescutum. That spot is indistinct brownish or completely missing in specimens from Eastern Palearctic. Abdomen ochreous yellow to brownish yellow, but dark pattern varies individually. Some specimens have uniformly yellow abdomen, some have dark spot only on eight sternite, some on eight and less distinct on seventh sternite. Usually second and third tergites have dark medial triangle spot at posterior margin, but in darker specimens brown to dark brown spots present on all tergites and make entire medial line. Line could be interrupted on fifth and sixth tergites. In darker specimens sternites 6 to 8 distinctly dark brown. Posterior margins of tergites and sternites narrowly pale. Outer gonostylus of male genitalia ( Fig. 6 ) with distinctly widened, strongly chitinized and darkened distal part, both angles of which extended. Inner angle beak shaped with acute tip, outer angle blunt apexed, rounded. Paramere without setae on apex. Cercus of ovipositor ( Fig. 12 ) short and narrow with point-apexed tip.

Elevation range. Altitudes from less than 100 m to nearly 2 km.

Period of activity. Adults are flying from the beginning of June through the end of September.

Habitat. Adults are flying in different types of damp forests, in parks, shrubs and gardens. Larvae develop in different species of mushrooms and could be found in large quantities.

General distribution. Species is widely spread in whole Palearctic and Oriental Regions.

Examined material ( Fig. 17 ): 2 ♂ ♂ (on same pin), N. Korea, Chonsani Paiktusan, 4600‘, VII–17, 1937, Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 Ƌ Ƌ, 1 ♀ (on same pin), N. Korea, Chonsani Paiktusan, 4300‘, VII–18, 1937, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ, 1 ♀ (on same pin), North Korea, Ompo, 600 ft., VI–3, 1938, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 4200 ft., VI–4, 1939, A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 ♀ (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6500 ft., VI–8, 1939, A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 ♀ (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5500 ft., VII–19, 1939, A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 ♀ (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., August 2, 1939, A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., VIII–9, 1939, A. Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Chonsani, alt. 3000 ft., VI–8, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Chonsani, alt. 4000 ft., VI–23, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 (sex unclear), (pinned), North Korea, Pontani Paiktusan, alt. 5500 ft., VII–18, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Pontani Paiktusan, alt. 6000 ft., VII–18, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Pontani Paiktusan, alt. 6100 ft., VII–21, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), North Korea, Pontani Paiktusan, alt. 5500 ft., VII–22, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan, alt. 5000 ft., VII–23, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 Ƌ (pinned), N. Korea, Pontani Paiktusan, alt. 4500 ft., VII–26, 1940, Yankovsky ( USNM); 3 Ƌ Ƌ (pinned), [S.] Korea, #24, Central Nat‘l Forest, 18 mi. NE Seoul, alt. 400–500 ft., 27 July 1954, George W. Byers (KU); 3 Ƌ Ƌ (pinned), [S.] Korea, #25, Central Nat‘l Forest, 18 mi. NE Seoul, alt. 400–500 ft., 14 August 1954, George W. Byers (KU); 1 ♀ (pinned), [S.] Korea, #26, Central Nat‘l Forest, 18 mi. NE Seoul, alt. 350 ft., 14 August 1954, George W. Byers (KU); 2 ♀ ♀ (pinned), [S.] Korea, #39, Central Nat‘l Forest, 18 mi. NE Seoul, alt. 350–500 ft., 26 September 1954, George W. Byers (KU); 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Pyeongchang-gun, Yongpyeong-myeon, Nodong-ri, Mt. Gyebangsan, N37.727976, E128.46559, 2008.05.15–07.19, J.D. Yeo et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Pyeongchang-gun, Yongpyeong-myeon, Nodong-ri, Mt. Gyebangsan, N37.69775, E128.47627, altitude 800 m, 2008.07.19, J.D. Yeo et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Pyeongchang-gun, Yongpyeong-myeon, Nodong-ri, Mt. Gyebangsan, 2008.07.19–08.12, H.Y. Seo, K.G. Kim, malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ, 2 ♀ ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Pyeongchang-gun, Yongpyeongmyeon, Nodong-ri, Mt. Gyebangsan, N37.697736, E128.476243, 2008.10.0 3, K.G. Kim, malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Ulju-gun, Sangbuk-myeon, Sanjeon-ri, N35.6356111, E129.0590278, altitude 377 m, 2009.07.05–09.04, J.D Yeo, J.D. Yoon, malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Ulju-gun, Sangbukmyeon, Sanjeon-ri, N35.6356111, E129.0590278, altitude 377 m, 2009.07.09–08.05, K.G. Kim, O.S. Kim, malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Ulju-gun, Sangbuk-myeon, Deokhyeon-ri, Ulsan, Mt. Gajisan, altitude 276 m, 2009.08.06–09.04, J.D Yeo, malaise trap ( NIBR); 3 Ƌ Ƌ, 14 ♀ ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Injegun, Sangnam-myeon, Misan-ri, 2010.08.18–09.16, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ, 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Samchuk-si, Hajang-myeon, Jungbong-ri, Mt. Jungbongsan, N37.4122222, E128.9252778, altitude 885 m, 2010.08.18–09.16, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Donghae-si, Bicheon-dong, N37.4861111, E129.0705556, altitude 131 m, 2011.08.04-09.07, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 2 Ƌ Ƌ, 3 ♀ ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Donghae-si, Igi-dong, N37.4877778, E129.0116667, altitude 89 m, 2011.08.04–9.07, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 2 Ƌ Ƌ, 2 ♀ ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Sangnam-myeon, Misan-ri, 2011.08.18–09.16, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Imgye-myeon, Dojeon-ri, N37.5358333, E128.9027778, altitude 762 m, 2011.09.06–10.06, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 2 ♀ ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Sangnam-myeon, Misan-ri, 2011.09.17–10.26, H.-W. Byun et al., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ, 1 ♀ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Tapdong-ri, Odaesan NP, St. 1, N37.71822, E128.54175, altitude 800 m, 2013.07.04–31, Park S.-J., Oh S.-B., malaise trap ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ (pinned), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Yuljeon-ri, N37.73849, E128.34566, alt. 798 m, 2014.08.21 (1), S. Podenas ( NIBR); 1 Ƌ (in ethanol), S. Korea, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si, Dongsanmyeon, Bongmyeong-ri, KNU experimental forest, N37.77906, E128.81564, altitude 233 m, 2014.08.22 (1), S. Kim, S. Podenas ( NIBR); 1 ♀ (pinned), S. Korea, Jirisan National Park, Piagol valley, N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2014.08.24, S. Podenas ( NIBR); 1 ♀ (pinned, S. Korea, Jirisan National Park, Piagol valley, N35.26590, E127.58096, alt. 446 m, 2014.08.25, S. Podenas ( NIBR).

Figures

FIGURES 6 – 11. Male genitalia of Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia), dorsal view. 6: M. (M.) bifasciata; 7: M. (M.) quadrimaculata; 8: Aedeagus of M. (M.) quadrimaculata; 9: Gonocoxite with gonostyles of M. (M.) quadrimaculata; 10: M. (M.) quadrinotata; 11: M. (M.) zetterstedti. Abbreviations: gonx, gonocoxite; i gonst, inner gonostylus; o gonst, outer gonostylus; p, penis; pm, paramere; tg 9, ninth tergite; vm l, ventro-mesal lobe of gonocoxite.

FIGURES 12 – 14. Ovipositors of Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia), lateral view. 12: M. (M.) bifasciata; 13: M. (M.) quadrimaculata; 14: M. (M.) quadrinotata. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st 8, eight sternite; tg 9, ninth tergite; tg 10, tenth tergite.

FIGURES 17 – 21. Collecting sites of Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) in Korean Peninsula. 17: M. (M.) bifasciata; 18: M. (M.) quadrimaculata; 19: M. (M.) quadrinotata; 20: M. (M.) zetterstedti; 21: M. (M.) channpayna sp. nov.