Gonatopus Ljungh, 1810

Guglielmino, Adalgisa & Olmi, Massimo, 2014, Revision of the Afrotropical species of Gonatopus group 3 (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), with description of a new species from Ghana, Zootaxa 3802 (1), pp. 35-50 : 36

Gonatopus Ljungh, 1810

Gonatopus Ljungh 1810: 161 ; Olmi 1993: 77; Xu et al. 2013: 354 .

Agonatopoides R. Perkins 1907: 33 (synonymized by Olmi 1993); type species: Agonatopoides synchromus R. Perkins 1907 , by monotypy; Olmi 1984: 1310; Olmi 1993: 78.

Type species. Gonatopus formicarius Ljungh 1810 , by monotypy.

Diagnosis. Female: apterous or rarely fully winged; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; antenna with or without rhinaria; pronotum crossed or not by transverse furrow; enlarged claw with distal apex pointed and with one large or small subapical tooth (occasionally subapical tooth absent, then enlarged claw with distal group of lamellae); in fully winged forms, segment 5 of protarsus with more than 20 lamellae; tibial spurs 1/0/1. Male: fully winged; occipital carina absent or incomplete (in this last case, only present behind and shortly on sides of posterior ocelli); occiput concave; temple present; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Acanaloniidae , Cicadellidae (except Typhlocybinae , Idiocerinae , Macropsinae ), Delphacidae , Flatidae , Issidae , Lophopidae , Tropiduchidae ( Guglielmino & Olmi 1997, 2006, 2007; Guglielmino et al. 2013).

World species. Four hundred and forty-one species are known ( Olmi & Virla 2014), a hundred and eleven in the Afrotropical region.

Remarks. Larvae of Gonatopus were described by Ponomarenko (1975), Carcupino et al. (1998), Guglielmino and Virla (1998), Virla and Mangione (2000), Guglielmino (2002), Mangione and Virla (2004), and Guglielmino et al. (2006).