Dolichopodidae (Bickel, 1994)

Sinclair, Bradley J. & Cumming, Jeffrey M., 2006, The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera), Zootaxa 1180 (1), pp. 1-172 : 1-172

Dolichopodidae s.lat.

Dolichopodes Latreille, 1809: 239, 290. Type genus Dolichopus Latreille, 1797 .

Dolichopodidae Agassiz, 1846: 128 .

The definition of the Dolichopodidae is herein expanded to include all genera formerly assigned to the Microphoridae sensu Chvála. There is no doubt about the monophyly of this family and the inclusion of the microphorids in the Dolichopodidae has been accepted by several recent authors (e.g., Cumming & Sinclair 2000; Ulrich 2003, 2004; Gatt 2003; Shamshev & Grootaert 2005). The Dolichopodidae now includes the Microphorinae , Parathalassiinae and Dolichopodidae s.str. In its expanded sense the family is characterized by several features, including the Rs originating at or near level of crossvein h, the basal cells shortened (less than half length of cell dm) such that crossvein r–m occurs in the basal fourth of wing, the male terminalia rotated (lateroflexed) forward beneath the preceding segments with the pregenital segments partially twisted or rotated, and the male hypopygium with reduced gonocoxal apodemes as well as bacilliform (or subepandrial) sclerites that fuse with the hypandrium.

Microphorinae

Microphorinae Collin, 1960: 393 . Type genus Microphor Macquart, 1827 .

This subfamily includes two extant genera, Microphor Macquart and Schistostoma Becker

( Cumming & Brooks 2002). The group is not clearly defined and is maintained here

primarily for convenience, until the relationships of both included genera are more clearly

resolved by future analyses. This subfamily includes those taxa with holoptic males, more

than six unmodified pseudotracheae, broad wings (i.e., anal lobe developed), costa

circumambient, and a two­articled arista or stylus.

Parathalassiinae

Parathalassiini Chvála, 1981: 230 , 231. Type genus Parathalassius Mik, 1891 . The diagnostic features of this subfamily include a single­articled arista or stylus, antennae inserted high on head, dichoptic males, narrow wing (anal lobe not developed), and often crossvein bm­cu is incomplete ( Cumming & Brooks 2002). The Parathalassiinae includes the following extant genera: Amphithalassius Ulrich , Chimerothalassius Shamshev & Grootaert , Eothalassius Shamshev & Grootaert , Microphorella Becker , Parathalassius Mik , Plesiothalassius Ulrich , and Thalassophorus Saigusa ( Saigusa 1986; Chvála 1989; Ulrich 1991; Cumming & Brooks 2002; Shamshev & Grootaert 2002, 2005).