Ramila Moore, 1867

Chen, Fu-Qiang & Wu, Chun-Sheng, 2014, Taxonomic review of the subfamily Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) from China, Zoological Systematics 39 (2), pp. 163-208 : 192-194

3.7 Ramila Moore, 1867 ( Figs 7, 92–97, 106–107)

Ramila Moore, 1867 . Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1867: 667; Wang, 1980. Economic Insect Fauna of China, 21: 55. Type species: Ramila marginella Moore, 1867 , by monotypy.

Crambostenia Warren, 1890 . Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890: 292. Type species: Margaronia acciusalis Walker, 1859 , by original designation.

Diagnosis. The genus is distinguished from other genera by porrect and peltate frons, vein R 2 stalked with R 3+4+5 on forewing.

Description. Head with frons extending forwardly, as long as labial palpi; antennae filiform; labial palpi porrect; maxillary palpi as long as labial palpi; body strong, female with anal tuft poorly developed.

Wings ( Fig. 7). Forewing with costa straight, apex pointed, outer margin oblique; Sc and R 1 anastomosed to the end; R 3+4 and R 5 stalked, and both stalked with R 2; M 1 arising near upper angle of cell; M 2 and M 3 from lower angle of cell; Cu 1 arising near and Cu 2 before lower angle of cell. Hindwing with apex blunt, outer margin oblique; Sc+R 1 and Rs stalked mostly, and both stalked with M 1 at base; M 2 and M 3 from lower angle of cell; Cu 1 arising near and Cu 2 before lower angle of cell.

Male genitalia. Uncus elongated, apex pointed or round; gnathos thinner than uncus, beak-like, apex with teeth dorsally; tegumen with sclerotized dorsal ridge more or less X-shaped; subteguminal process round or pointed; valva broad, apex truncated or oblique, suffused with long setae; juxta elongated, widened from base to apex, apex curved medially; saccus round; coremata usually present; aedeagus strong, usually with one to two spinose areas and one to two sclerotized plates, manica membranous, with minute spinules; ductus ejaculatorius arising from middle of aedeagus.

Female genitalia. Anal papillae slender, covered with long setae; apophyses anterioris and posterioris short, as long as anal papillae; ostium bursae broad, a sclerotized plate present inside; ductus bursae membranous, much longer than corpus bursae; corpus bursae membranous, signum a spinose area or a sclerotized spine.

Distribution. Oriental Region.

Remarks. Ramila is restricted to the Oriental Region, extending as far east as the Philippines. The genus comprises more than ten species (Robinson, Tuck & Shaffer, 1994). Four species are reported in China here, including one new species.

Key to species of Ramila in China

1. Small size, wing span less than 20 mm; male with a blunt sclerotized plate apically and a spinose area in aedeagus ........................... ............................................................................................................................................................................... R. minima sp. nov. Medium size, wing span larger than 20 mm; male with one or two pointed sclerotized plates apically and two spinose areas in aedeagus............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

2. Forewing with costa orange. In male genitalia, both uncus and valva with apex round; subteguminal process pointed. In female genitalia, corpus bursae with a spinose area...................................................................................................................... R. acciusalis Forewing with costa fulvous or fuscous. In male genitalia, both uncus and valva with apex pointed; subteguminal process round. In female genitalia, corpus bursae with a sclerotized spine-like signum ( R. marginella )......................................................................... 3

3. Forewing with fasciae distinct.......................................................................................................................................... R. marginella Forewing with fasciae obsolescent........................................................................................................................ R. angustifimbrialis