Ciniflella iguazu, Brescovit & Grismado & Almeida-Silva & Ramirez, 2025

Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, Grismado, Cristian J., Almeida-Silva, Lina M. & Ramirez, Martin J., 2025, On the Neotropical spider genus Ciniflella Mello-Leitão, 1921 (Araneae: Zoropsidae, Tengellinae), Zootaxa 5563 (1), pp. 345-381 : 358-363

Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov.

Figs 3–10 , 25A–D , 27

Ciniflella ARG , Ciniflella sp. ARG: Ramírez 2014 (scored morphological dataset).

Ciniflella sp. Iguazu MR699: Wheeler et al. 2017 (molecular sequences).

Diagnosis. Males of C. iguazu differ from the other members of the genus by the very long embolus, and in having a small dorsobasal projection on the cymbium ( Figs 3D–F , 9 ) (short embolus in other species, e.g., Fig. 16D ). Females can be distinguished from those of other Ciniflella species by the epigynal median plate narrowed anteriorly and the long, oblique proximal copulatory ducts ( Figs 4H ; 25C–D ) (wider anteriorly or with short ducts in other species, e.g., Figs 25E–F , 26 ).

Types. Male holotype from Argentina: Misiones: Parque Nacional Iguazú: Área Garganta del Diablo , 25°42̕ 16.7” S, 54°26̕ 28.2”W [-25.70464, -54.44117], elev. 250 m, 16–20.V.2005, M. Ramírez, P. Michalik & F. Labarque coll. (MACN-Ar 46395, ARAMR000979 , preps. CJG-635–637). Paratypes: Same data, 1 male (MACN-Ar 11314, ARAMR000699 , preps. MJR-1118–1120, sequenced in Wheeler et al. 2017); Parque Nacional Iguazú: Ruta 101 5 km E Arroyo Yacuí, 25°41̕ 02.3” S, 54°11̕ 57.1”W [-25.68397, -54.19919], 310 m; 18.V.2005, M. Ramírez, P. Michalik & F. Labarque coll. 1 female (MACN-Ar 10810, preps. MJR-1121–1127, 1149); 1 female (MACN-Ar 46413, ARAMR000978 , prep. CJG-634) .

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Description. Male (holotype, MACN-Ar 46395). Carapace and distal leg segments yellowish brown, sternum and coxae pale yellow, opisthosoma cream. Total length 3.80. Carapace 1.84 long, 1.54 wide. Clypeus 0.04 high. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.10, AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.08, PME–PLE 0.08, ALE–PLE 0.04, AME–PME 0.08. Leg measurements: I: femur 1.94/ patella 0.86/ tibia 1.82/ metatarsus 1.50/ tarsus 0.82/ total 6.94; II: 1.64/0.80/1.22/1.16/0.72/5.54; III: 1.50/0.60/1.12/1.40 /0.72/5.34; IV: 2.02/0.78/1.74/2.18/0.98/7.70; Leg formula: 4123. Leg spination follows the basic generic pattern, except: tibia I v2-2-2-2; II v2-2-2-2, r0-0-1; III v2-2-2; IV v2-2-2; metatarsus II r1-0-0, p0-1-1; III r1-1-1, p1-1-1; IV r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Palp: cymbium with small dorsal basal projection ( Fig. 9G ). RTA relatively short, rounded ( Fig. 9F , 25B ). Subtegulum with an interlocking lobe opposing small lobe on base of embolus (visible in retrolateral view, Fig. 9C ). Median apophysis long, embolus very long, conductor hyaline, large, accompanying the apical half of the embolus ( Fig. 25A ).

Female (paratype, MACN-Ar 46413). Coloration as in male. Total length 3.44. Carapace 1.68 long, 1.20 wide. Clypeus 0.04 high. Cheliceral retromargin with three teeth. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.06, PME 0.08, PLE 0.10, AME–AME 0.02, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.08, PME–PLE 0.08, ALE–PLE 0.02, AME-AMP 0.04. Leg measurements: I: femur 1.30/ patella 0.62/ tibia 1.02/ metatarsus 0.80/ tarsus 0.48/ total 4.22; II: 1.14/0.58/0.84/0.78/0.46/3.80; III: 0.96/0.44/0.68/0.96/0.50/3.54; IV: 1.40/0.54/1.20/1.48/0.72/5.34; Leg formula: 4123. Leg spination follows the basic generic pattern, except: tibia I v2-2-2-0, p0-0-1; II v2-2-2, p0-0-1, III v2-2-2, p0-0-1, r0- 1-1; IV v2-2-2; metatarsus III d2-2, p1-1-1, r1-0-0; IV p1-1-1, r1-1-0. Epigyne: median plate anteriorly narrowed, wide posteriorly; bulbous projections of lateral lobes nearly triangular, pointing to middle ( Fig. 10B , 25C ); proximal copulatory ducts membranous, long, oblique, and with gland ducts ( Figs. 10C , 25D ).

Other material examined. ARGENTINA: Misiones: Parque Nacional Iguazú: Ruta 101 5 km E Arroyo Yacuí, 25°41̕ 02.3” S, 54°11̕ 57.1”W [-25.68397, -54.19919], elev. 310 m; 18.V.2005, M. Ramírez, P. Michalik & F. Labarque coll., 1 female, collected as juvenile, maturity 18.VIII.2005 (MACN-Ar 46408). Oberá: Centro de Investigaciones Antonia Ramos (C.I.A. R.) [-27.444, -54.943], 13–15.I.2014, Berlese funnel, A. O. Porta coll., 1 female (MACN-Ar 36275, preps. DPO-0004, 4004). BRAZIL: Paraná: Foz do Iguaçu (25°32′49″S, 54°35′11″ W) [-25.54694, -54.58639], Refúgio Biológico de Bela Vista , 3–11.XI.1991, A.B. Bonaldo coll., 2♂ 1♀ ( MCN 21647 ) ; 1♂ 1♀ ( IBSP 347221 ) ; Cornélio Procópio, Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco (23°10’51’’S 50°38’49’’W) [- 23.18083, -50.64694], 08. V.2009 – 15.I.2010, N.C.Cipola coll., 1♂ ( IBSP273500 ) ; Santa Catarina: Ilha do Arvoredo (27°17′0″S, 48°22′0″W) [-27.28333, -48.36667], 04–08.X.2005, Equipe PUC coll., 1♂ ( MCTP 6800 ) ; Rio Grande do Sul: São Francisco de Paula, CPCN Pró-Mata (29°28’29”S 50°9’58”W) [-29.47472, -50.16611], 25.III.1997, Equipe PUC coll., 1♂ ( IBSP 347219 ) ; 7.IV.2001, R. Ott coll., 6♂ 1♀ ( MCN 39617 ) ; Barragem dos Bugres [- 29.347, -50.706], 04.II.1999, A.B. Bonaldo coll., 3♀ ( MCN 31016 ) ; Potreiro Velho [-29.481, -50.176], 7.VII.2001, 1♀ ( MCTP 18367 ) ; 14.IV.2002, 2♂ ( MCTP 18359 ) ; 01. V.2001, 2♂ ( MCTP 18358 ) , all collected by R. Ott; Caxias do Sul, Cazuza Ferreira (28°55’55”S 50°39’16”W) [-28.93194, -50.65444], 13.IV.1963, C.A. Hartlieb coll., 1♂ ( IBSP 883 ) ; Augusto Pestana (28°31′01″S, 53°59′31″W) [-28.51694, -53.99194], 4.IV.2009, 1♀ ( MCTP 27136 ) ; 5.XI.2005, 1♂ ( MCTP 29871 ) ; 7.II.2009, 1♀ ( MCTP 27142 ) ; 4.IV.2009, 1♂ ( MCTP 27150 ) ; 27.XI.2008, 1♂ ( MCTP 26572 ) ; 18.IV.2009, 1♀ ( MCTP 27137 ) ; all collected by L. V. Silva ; Santa Cruz do Sul (29°43′4″S, 52°25′33″W) [-29.71778, -52.42583], 24.VII.1995, pitfall trap, 4♂ 4♀ ( MCN) ; 2♂ 1♀ ( IBSP 347216 ) ; 02.IX.1995, 1♂ 1♀ ( IBSP 347218 ) ; 5.VIII.1995, ( IBSP 347217 ) , all collected by R. Ott; Vicente Dutra (27°09′43″S, 53°24′18″W) [-27.16194, -53.405], VI.2006, 2♂ ( MCTP 19814 ) ; II.2006, 1♂ 2♀ ( MCTP 19815 ) ; I.2006, 18♂ 2♀ ( MCTP 19811 ) , all collected by T. de Freitas; Triunfo (29°56′34″S, 51°43′4″W) [-29.94278, -51.71778], 18.IX–18.X.1993, Equipe MCN col., 1♂ ( MCN 24066 ) ; Porto Alegre (30°01′58″S, 51°13′48″W) [-30.03278, -51.23000], 04.IX.1977, A.A. Lise coll., 1♀ ( MCN 6472 ) ; Reserva Biológica do Lami (30°15’S, 51°05’W) [-30.25000, -51.08333], 20.X–8.XI.2005, R. Moraes coll., 15♂ 1♀ ( MCN 40262 ) ; Guaíba (30°06′50″S, 51°19′30″W) [-30.11389, -51.32500], 21.IX.1991, A.B. Bonaldo coll. ( MCN 21526 ) ; Viamão (30°04′51″S, 51°01′22″W) [-30.08083, -51.02278], 15.XII.1995, no coll., 1♀ ( IBSP 347220 ) ; 12.VIII.1995, A.A. Lise col., 1♂ ( MCTP 15186 ) ; 12.VIII.1995, A.A. Lise coll., 3♂ 1♀ ( MCTP 15188 ) ; Forest near the source of Arroio Itapuã , 11.IX.2001, L.E.C. Schmidt & R. Ott coll., 8♂ 2♀ ( MCN 34288 ) ; Parque Estadual de Itapuã (30°22’06”S 50°59’52”W) [-30.36833, -50.99778], 02.XII.2003, A.K.C. Ferreira coll., 1♂ ( MCTP 20446 ) ; 18.XI–02.XII.2003, 1♀ ( MCTP 20171 ; MCTP 20170 ; MCTP 20172 ) ; Escola Fitotécnica , 10. V.1996, R. Ott coll., 1♀ ( MCTP 15139 ) .

Natural History. The specimens from Misiones, Argentina, were collected from leaf litter or under logs in wet forest; one specimen was obtained in a Berlese funnel.

Distribution. Known from Misiones Province, in northeastern Argentina, and Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states, in southeastern Brazil (Fig. 27).

Figures

FIGURE 3A–F. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Male (holotype MACN-Ar 46395). A habitus, dorsal view. B habitus, ventral view. C Prosoma, ventral view. D Palp, prolateral view. E Same, ventral view. F Same, retrolateral view.

FIGURE 4A–K. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Female (paratype MACN-Ar 10810). A habitus dorsal. B habitus ventral. C Habitus lateral. D Prosoma, dorsal view. E Same, ventral view. F Same, anterior view. G Left leg I, prolateral view. H Epigyne, ventral view. I Left leg IV, retrolateral view. J Trochanter IV, ventral view. K Trochanter I, ventral view. Abbreviations: Ca calamistrum.

FIGURE 5A–M. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Female (paratype MACN-Ar 10810). A Left chelicera, posterior view. B Same, ectal view. C Same, mesal view. D Same, detail of venom outlet and cheliceral gland. E Left palp, prolateral view. F Palpal claw, retrolateral view. G Same, apical view. H Left leg I, prolateral view. I Tibia I, detail of macroseta and setae. J Left tarsus I, retrolateral view. K Claws I, retrolateral-apical view. L Trichobothria of metatarsus I. M Tarsal organ of leg I. Abbreviations: CG cheliceral gland.

FIGURE 6A–G. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Female leg IV (paratype MACN-Ar 10810). A Left leg IV, retrolateral view. B Metatarsus, retrolateral view. C Same, dorsal view. D Calamistrum, retrolateral view. E Same, detail of calamistrum setae. F Tarsus IV, retrolateral view. G Claws IV, retrolateral-apical view. Abbreviations: Ca calamistrum.

FIGURE 7A–J. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Female spinnerets (paratype MACN-Ar 10810). A Spinnerets, ventral view. B Cribellum. C Inset to detail of cribellar spigots. D Left anterior lateral spinneret. E Posterior median spinnerets, posteriordorsal view. F Same, posterior view. G Right posterior lateral spinneret. H Left posterior lateral spinneret. I Right posterior lateral spinneret. J Same, detail.Abbreviations:Ac aciniform gland spigot; Acc accompanying shaft of pseudoflagelliform gland spigot; Cy cylindrical gland spigot; Pi piriform gland spigot; mAP minor ampullate gland spigot; MAP major ampullate gland spigot; Pf pseudoflagelliform gland spigot; TS tracheal spiracle.

FIGURE 8A–G. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Male spinnerets (paratype MACN-Ar 11314). A Spinnerets, ventral view. B Same, ventral-posterior view. C Left anterior lateral spinneret. D Right posterior median spinnerets. E Left posterior median spinneret. F Left posterior lateral spinneret. G Same, detail. Abbreviations: Ac aciniform gland spigot; Acc accompanying gland spigot; Nu Nubbin; LPi large piriform gland spigot; SPi small piriform gland spigot mAP minor ampullate gland spigot; MAP major ampullate gland spigot; Pf pseudoflagelliform gland spigot; TS tracheal spiracle.

FIGURE 9A–G. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Male palp (paratype MACN-Ar 11314). A Prolateral view. B Ventral view. C Retrolateral view, arrows to tegular and subtegular locking lobes, asterisk to cymbial dorbasal projection. D Dorsal view. E Tibia, dorsal view. F Same, retrolateral view. G Detail of tibial apophysis and base of cymbium, asterisk to cymbial dorbasal projection; inset showing striations on RTA. Abbreviations: C conductor; E embolus; MA median apophysis; St subtegulum; T tegulum.

FIGURE 10A–D. Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov. Female genitalia (paratype MACN-Ar 10810). A Epigyne, ventral view. B Same, posterior-ventral view. C Vulva, dorsal view, arrows to gland ducts on proximal copulatory duct. D Vulva, dorsal-lateral view, inset to gland ducts of accessory bulb. Abbreviations: AB ducts of accessory bulb; BP bulbous projection of lateral lobes; FD fertilization duct; MP median plate; pCD proximal copulatory duct; PMF posterior area of median field; S spermatheca.

FIGURE 16A–E. Ciniflella lavras sp. nov. Male palp (paratype IBSP 39615).A Left palp, prolateral view. B Same, dorsal view. C Same, retrolateral view. D Same, ventral view. E Detail of retrolatetral tibial apophysis, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C conductor; E embolus; MA median apophysis.

FIGURE 25A–F. Male and female genitalia. A Ciniflella iguazu sp. nov., male palp, ventral view (holotype MACN-Ar 46395). B Same, retrolateral view. C Female epigyne, cleared, ventral view, arrow to approximate position of copulatory opening (paratype MACN-Ar 46413). D Same, dorsal view. E Ciniflella lavras sp. nov., female epigyne, cleared, ventral view, asterisks on mating plugs (paratype IBSP 39615). F Same, dorsal view.

FIGURE 26A–F. Epigynes in ventral (A, C, E) and dorsal view (B, D, F). A–B Ciniflella armasi sp. nov. C–D Ciniflella lutea Mello-Leitão, 1921, holotype. E–F Ciniflella pains sp. nov.