Phalloceros tupinamba Lucinda, 2008

Souto-Santos, Igor Cavalcanti de Araújo, Ferraro, Gustavo Andrés, Jennings, William Bryan, Vergara, Gabriela Lucia da Silva & Buckup, Paulo Andreas, 2019, Geographic distribution of Phalloceros Eigenmann, 1907 (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae) in the Ilha Grande Bay Hydrographic Region, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Check List 15 (1), pp. 181-192 : 189

Phalloceros tupinamba Lucinda, 2008

Figure 2E

Materials examined. Brazil: Rio de Janeiro: Fazenda Japuíba, município de Angra dos Reis, L.Travassos, H. Travassos, E. Travassos, 28 April 1945 ( MNRJ 4226). Fazenda Japuíba, município de Angra dos Reis, P. Miranda-Ribeiro, G.S. Myers, H. Travassos, August 1942 ( MNRJ 8518, MNRJ 8548).

Identification. Phalloceros tupinamba is very similar to P. leptokeras , another species with female urogenital papilla oriented to the left side. According to Lucinda (2008), P. tupinamba has a narrow vertically elongate dark lateral spot covering 1 scale, while the latter has a densely pigmented rectangular spot covering 2 or 3 scales. The spot in all 63 examined sexually mature males from the rio Japuíba covers 1 or 1½ scales, but never 2.

In specimens from the rio Japuíba the lateral spot is positioned between the 14th to 17th scale of the longitudinal series. The position of the spot in the Japuíba population is therefore intermediate between that of the type series of P. tupinamba (16th–19th scale) and P. leptokeras (14th–16th), as recorded by Lucinda (2008).

Distribution. Phalloceros tupinamba had previously been recorded in coastal streams located both to the east

and west of the IGBHR and now is recorded for the first time in the IGBHR, where it has been collected in the Japuíba drainage ( Fig. 1). The new record is based on 3 samples collected in 1942 and 1945. Recent efforts to col- lect specimens of P. tupinamba were unsuccessful due to increased habitat loss associated with the growth of urban areas and presence of a water-treatment facility, which, during dry periods, diverts the entire water flow of the rio Japuíba for human consumption.

Identification key for Phalloceros from Ilha Grande