Caladomyia jaragua, Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, 2012

Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, 2012, A systematic review of Neotropical Caladomyia Säwedal (Diptera: Chironomidae), Zootaxa 3495, pp. 1-41 : 31-33

Caladomyia jaragua sp. n.

( Figs 61–66 )

Material examined. Holotype: male with pupal exuviae (in Euparal), BRAZIL, SP, São Paulo, Córrego do Silêncio, Parque Estadual do Jaraguá (23°27’ S, 46°45’ W), leg. F. O. Roque, 5/i/2001 (C1–15, LEIA /UFSCar). Paratypes: 1 male as holotype, except 3/iii/2000 (C1–16, LEIA /UFSCar); 1 larva with pharate pupa (in Hoyer), as holotype (C1–18, LEIA /UFSCar).

Etymology. From the indigenous Tupi language " Jaragua ou Yawara” meaning “prominent peak" in allusion to the mountain located within the Parque Estadual do Jaraguá in São Paulo municipality. This is a noun in apposition.

Diagnostic characters. Caladomyia jaragua sp. n. differs from other species by the combination of the following characters. Adult male: hypopygium with anal tergite bands of Y-type, fused part 28 µm long; anal point 35 µm long, with posterior appearing divided in three protrusions; bars 29 µm long; digitus not reaching median margin of superior volsella. Pupa: frontal apotome wrinkled, without cephalic tubercle; thorax with weak granulation close to anterior median suture; tergite III with curved longitudinal paired patches of long spines; T IV–V with longitudinal paired patches of shorter spines; T VI with paired rounded patches of simple and multiple spinules. Larva: clypeal seta S3 simple; antenna 5-segmented mounted on prominent pedestal bearing a little apical tooth; Lauterborn organs large on pedicels 1.6 times as long as antennal segments 3–5, with proximal half sclerotized.

Description

Male (n = 2)

Dimensions. Median size, length 2.3 mm. Wing length 1.25–1.42 mm.

Coloration. Head yellow brown, flagellum and maxillary palp pale brown. Thorax yellow green. Abdomen yellow. Legs yellow.

Head. Eyes ratio 2.8. Antennal flagellum 775–825 µm long; AR 0.6–0.7. Palpomere 2–5 lengths: 26– 29, 102–103, 100–101, 177–201 µm. Frontal tubercles short, 6 µm long. Temporal setae 7, uniserial. Clypeus with 11–12 setae.

Thorax. Ac 8–10 biserial, beginning near antepronotum; Dc 4; Pa 1, Scts 2. Scutal tubercle absent.

Wing. Width 0.371–0.425 mm. VR 0.8. WW 0.27. Membrane covered with setae, becoming dense in distal ½.

Legs. Fore tibia with one short spur; mid and hind tibiae with black combs with one with one spur. Lengths and proportions as in Table 11.

fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR p1 612–706 275–287 831–906 381–437 325–362 275–281 112–125 3.0–3.1 p2 630–681 462–500 269–306 131 88–112 50–62 33–50 0.58–0.61 p3 637–706 587–687 400–425 200–250 212–219 137–144 63–75 0.61–0.68 Hypopygium ( Fig. 61 ). Anal tergite 69 µm long, with 2 distal setae. Anal tergite bands Y-shaped; fused part about 25–31 µm long. Anal point 34–37 µm long, lateral margins with 4 setae; posterior ending divided in three protrusions; median protrusion 5 µm long; AnPr 2.4. Anal point bars short 26–31 µm long, on basis of anal point, their tips not reaching apex of anal point; AnPBR 0.9–1.0. Superior volsella subrectangular with posteromedian corner drawn out into a rounded tip, 28–29 µm wide, with 5 dorsal setae and 3 setae on anterior part of internal margin (two dorsal, one ventral). Digitus 16–18 µm long, not reaching beyond posteromedian corner of superior volsella. Inferior volsella 66 µm long. Median volsella short 12 µm long, with 2 lamelliform and 5 simple setae. Gonostylus 77 µm long. Hypopygium ratio 0.6–0.8.

Pupal exuviae (n = 1)

Dimensions. Small, abdomen length about 1.98 mm. Coloration yellow brown. Wing sheath 846 µm with short nose.

Cephalothorax. Frontal seta elongate, slender, near 46 µm long; cephalic tubercles absent. Thoracic horn lost. Thorax with weak granulation close to median suture. Thoracic setation on both sides: 3 long precorneals (PC1–3) situated in front of the thoracic horn basal ring; PC1 61 µm, shorter than PC2 and PC3 (103 µm long). Two lateral antepronotals (Laps). Four dorsocentrals (DC1–4) situated in two widely separated pairs; distance between DC1–DC3 183 µm.

Abdomen ( Fig. 62 ). Tergite I bare; II with central field of fine shagreen; T III with a posteromedian pair of longitudinal bands of long spines, strongly curved and divergent posteriorly; T IV with a pair of longitudinal patches of short spines; T V with anterior pair of semioval patches of short spines; T VI with an anterior pair of oval patches of simple and multiple spinules ( Fig. 63 ); T VII–VIII bare. Hook row continuous, occupying 2/3 width of segment II. Segment VIII with large posterolateral comb consisting of 6 marginal large teeth and near 24 overlapping ventral teeth ( Fig. 64 ). Anal lobe well developed with complete fringe of about 23–27 taeniae and 2 large dorsal taeniae on each side. Segments II–III with 3 L setae; segments IV with 2 L and 1 ta setae; segment V–VI with 3 ta setae; segment VII with 4 ta setae; segment VIII with 5 ta setae.

4th instar larva (n = 1)

Dimensions. Small, total length near 4.3 mm

Head. Width 200 µm, length 244 µm; IC 0.82. Clypeal S3 simple. Antenna 5-segmented ( Fig. 65 ), placed on pedestal, 52 µm long, bearing a short apical tooth; basal segment (89 µm) longer than flagellum, with basal ring organ and small seta in distal 1/3; segment 2, 25 µm long, shorter than segments 3–5; Lauterborn organs large, pedicels including LO, 75 µm long, 1.5 times as long as antennal segments 3–5, proximal half sclerotized. Pecten epipharyngis of 3 distally serrated scales. Premandible with 3 teeth; brush well developed. Mandible with pale dorsal tooth; apical and two inner teeth brown. Mentum 60 µm with pale median sutured tooth and 5 pairs of lateral teeth brown, decreasing in size laterally ( Fig. 66 ). Ventromental plates 83 µm close together medially.

Abdomen with short anal tubules, near 54 µm. Claws of posterior parapods simple.

Remarks. The shape of the superior volsella is the main characteristic that differentiates the male of C. jaragua sp. n. from other species. The patterns and distribution of abdominal spines and spinules and the large posterolateral comb with more than 30 teeth distinguish the pupa of this species. The long antennal pedestal and Lauterborn organs pedicels are the main differential characteristic of the larvae of this species.

The larva and pupa were collected on bottom sediments of small streams.

Figures

FIGURES 61 – 66. Caladomyia jaragua sp. n. Male. 61. Hypopygium, dorsal (left), ventral (right). Pupa. 62. Abdominal tergites I – VI. 63. Spines ornamentation of tergites III – VI. 64. Posterolateral comb of abdominal segment VIII. Larva. 65. Antenna. 66. Mentum and ventromental plate.