Poecilantrops, KITS & MARSHALL, 2013

KITS, JOEL H. & MARSHALL, STEPHEN A., 2013, <p class = " HeadingRunIn " align = " left "> <strong> Generic classification of the Archiborborinae (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae), with a revision of <em> Antrops </ em> Enderlein, <em> Coloantrops </ em> gen. nov., <em> Maculantrops </ em> gen. nov., <em> Photoantrops </ em> gen. nov., and <em> Poecilantrops </ em> gen. nov. </ strong> </ p>, Zootaxa 3704 (1), pp. 1-113 : 95-96

Poecilantrops gen. nov.

Type species: Poecilantrops baorucensis sp. nov., by present designation

Description. Head colour and microtomentum variable. Face evenly sclerotized, ventral margin slightly wavy, lunule small. Occiput narrow below occipital foramen. Clypeus narrow, slightly produced. Palpus with tiny setae throughout and longer setae along lateral margin. Prementum well-developed, circular, about 0.5X height of head. Labellum with 12 pseudotrachea. Scape very short, with 1–2 dorsomedial setulae; pedicel subtriangular, medial bristles much longer than outer; first flagellomere round, slightly pointed dorsoapically; arista dorsolateral, preapical, 2-segmented, about as long as head width, short-plumose. Chaetotaxy: orbital bristles in two lateroclinate pairs; irregular orbital setulae along orbital plate; interfrontal setae in 3–5 medioclinate pairs; ocellar bristles lateroproclinate, anterior to median ocellus; irregular, very short ocellar setulae; inner vertical bristles inclinate; outer vertical bristles lateroreclinate; postocellar bristles as long as ocellar bristles, slightly proclinate; postvertical bristles small, cruciate; setae on median occipital sclerite small, medioclinate; postocular setae in a complete row with a few additional setae medially; vibrissa strong, as long as head; usually with a subvibrissal bristle and upturned anterior genal bristle; genal setae in 2 rows.

Thorax black; extent of microtomentum variable between species. Chaetotaxy: postpronotum with a single bristle; notopleuron with two bristles, posterior shorter than anterior; one presutural and one postsutural intra-alar bristle; one postalar bristle at posterior corner of scutum and a shorter postalar between this and scutellum; three dorsocentral bristles (one presutural and two postsutural); acrostichal setae in 6–8 irregular rows; scutellum with 2 pairs of scutellar bristles; proepisternum with several small setulae; katepisternum with a single large dorsal bristle and irregular setae ventrally.

Wing membrane pale brown, with pale spots around crossveins, usually at tips of longitudinal veins, and along veins R 4+5 and sometimes CuA 1. Vein M reaching wing margin, CuA 1 extending somewhat past crossvein dm-cu, not reaching wing margin, A 1 +CuA 2 parallel to CuA 1, distal part not vascularised, not reaching wing margin. Calypter with a dense marginal patch of short setae.

Leg colour and microtomentum variable. Fore femur with dorsal and ventral rows of long, thin erect setae. Fore tibia with a preapical dorsal bristle. Fore basotarsomere with an apical spur in males. Mid femur with a row of anterior bristles. Mid tibia with variable chaetotaxy. Hind femur with several dorsal and ventral bristles near apex. Hind tibia with a long preapical dorsal bristle and 1–2 ventroapical bristles.

Abdomen brown to black, extent of microtomentum variable between species. Pleural membrane with setae on segments 3–5.

Male postabdomen: Sternite 5 variable between species. Synsternite 6+7 asymmetrical, complex, a portion often detached and forming an accessory sclerite flanking distiphallus in genital pouch; dorsal corner fused to sternite 8. Sternite 8 broadly fused to epandrium along right side. Epandrium more or less symmetrical, with a cleft above anterior edge of surstylus. Cerci small and medially fused. Subepandrial sclerite Y or X-shaped, articulated with cerci and surstyli. Surstylus shape variable between species, articulated with epandrium and subepandrial sclerite. Hypandrial arms weakly fused with ventral edge of epandrium; hypandrial apodeme well-developed, rodlike, weakly fused with arms. Phallapodeme well-developed, curved and broadest distally. Postgonites long, bilobed apically, articulated with phallapodeme, hypandrium, and basiphallus. Pregonites tiny, more or less fused with postgonites. Ejaculatory apodeme usually small, often lost in dissections. Basiphallus usually swollen, with epiphallus and preepiphallus reduced or absent. Distiphallus complex, with a dorsal tube-like structure, usually flanked by 1 or 2 pairs of spike-like sclerites.

Female postabdomen: Abdomen telescoping, usually retracted in preserved specimens. Tergites and sternites 6–7 usually weakly sclerotized, narrow. Tergite 8 heavily sclerotized, sternite 8 divided medially, heavily sclerotized. Epiproct and hypoproct moderately sclerotized. Cerci simple, not fused with epiproct or each other. Three spermathecae, one pair sharing a duct and the other on a separate duct.

Comments. This genus is described for twelve species, ten newly newly described here and two undescribed but diagnosed. The genus is characterized by a set of derived characters: wing with one or more white spots on CuA 1; fore tarsus with basal 2 tarsomeres dark brown, distal 3 tarsomeres white ( Fig. 12 ); syntergite 1+2 with a median ridge; and syntergite 1+2 fused with tergite 3. Males often have a strongly swollen, nearly semicircular basiphallus and strong lateral setae on the apical tergites. No single species has all of these characters, but each has at least one and none of these derived states are present in other genera in the subfamily.

The genus name is derived from the Greek poikilos (varicoloured, spotted) and the generic name Antrops . It is masculine in accordance with ICZN 30.1.4.3.

This group has an unusual distribution: most species occur in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, but there are disjunct species in the Andes and in the cloud forest of the Dominican Republic. Few specimens from Brazil were available for this revision, and it is likely that more material would contain additional species and localities from that country.

Key to the species of Poecilantrops

1. Vein CuA 1 without white spots........................................................................... 2

- VeinCuA 2 with at least 1 white spot....................................................................... 4

2. Scutellum shiny. Syntergite 1+2 not fused with tergite 3............................................. P. flavifemur

- Scutellum covered with microtomentum. Syntergite 1+2 fused with tergite 3....................................... 3

3. Head entirely dark brown. Katepisternum shiny. Fore femur yellow, mid femur brownish at base, orange distally, hind femur black at base, orange distally. Fore tarsus with first two tarsomeres dark brown, apical tarsomeres whitish....... P.marensis

- Occiput and posterior two-thirds of frons black, contrasting with reddish brown face and anterior third of frons. Katepisternum covered with microtomentum. All femora black. Fore tarsus brown........................................ P. sp. A

4 Hind tibia with 1 ventroapical bristle...................................................................... 5

- Hind tibia with 2 ventroapical bristles...................................................................... 6

5. Vein CuA 1 usually with 2 white spots (rarely 1 or 3 spots, sometimes each wing different). Fore femur usually entirely yellow to orange, occasionally brownish with a diffuse yellow area apically.................................... P. dominicus

- VeinCuA 1 with 1 white spot. Fore femur usually brown with a distinct apical yellow band................. P. baorucensis

6. Scutum, scutellum and gena extensively shiny....................................................... P. stellans

- Scutum, scutellum, and gena entirely covered with microtomentum............................................. 7

7. Fore coxa and femur black.............................................................................. 8

- Fore coxa and femur yellow to brown..................................................................... 9

8. Syntergite 1+2 not fused with tergite 3. Head dark reddish brown, occiput black. Tarsi yellow except first and hind basotarsomeres brown................................................................................. P. plaumanni

- Syntergite 1+2 fused with tergite 3. Head orange, occiput and posterior two-thirds of frons reddish brown. Tarsi dark brown................................................................................................ P. sp. B

9. Fore and mid femur brown, hind femur black...................................................... P. vittifrons

- Fore femur orange, mid and hind femur black basally, orange distally........................................... 10

10. Katepisternum covered in tomentum, with a small shiny spot behind fore coxa. Fore tarsomere 2 yellow. Hind leg with tibia and 2 basal tarsomeres dark brown. Vein M with a white spot between crossveins..................... P. crocidosternum

- Katepisternum mostly shiny. Fore tarsomere 2 dark brown. Hind leg with tibia brown to orange or banded, 2 basal tarsomeres yellow. Vein M without a white spot between crossveins...................................................... 11

11. Katepisternum shiny posteriorly. Distal part of vein M with 1 white spot at wing margin. Vein CuA 1 with 2 white spots............................................................................................... P. psilosternum

- Katepisternum with microtomentum posteriorly. Vein M with 2 white spots. Vein CuA 1 with 1 white spot..... P. boraceiensis

Figures

FIGURES 7–12. Archiborborine adults, habitus photos: (7) Antrops truncipennis, female, Bird Island, South Georgia Islands; (8) A. siberia, male holotype, Yungas de la Siberia, Bolivia; (9) A. tetrastichus, male paratype, Quito–Baeza pass; (10) Photoantrops echinus, male holotype, SierrAzul Lodge, Ecuador; (11) Coloantrops daedalus, female paratype, Laraquete, Chile; (12) Poecilantrops psilosternum, female paratype, Nova Friburgo, Brazil.