Phaeoxantha (Phaeoxantha) cruciata cruciata ( Brullé, 1837 )

Moravec, Jiří & Dheurle, Charles, 2023, Taxonomic and nomenclatorial revision of the Neotropical genus Phaeoxantha Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae), Zootaxa 5386 (1), pp. 1-83 : 38

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5386.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5C0CC4-3D86-45BD-97FC-694A4E31A8B5

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10392292

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https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A28794-FFC3-FFED-FF6E-962A3B579DDF

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scientific name

Phaeoxantha (Phaeoxantha) cruciata cruciata ( Brullé, 1837 )
status

 

Phaeoxantha (Phaeoxantha) cruciata cruciata ( Brullé, 1837) View in CoL

( Figs 142–157 View FIGURES 142–147 View FIGURES 148–150 View FIGURES 151–157 )

Megacephala cruciata Brullé, 1837: 2 View in CoL .

Megacephala (Phaeoxantha) cruciata cruciata View in CoL : Horn 1910: 137

Phaeoxantha cruciata View in CoL : Horn 1923: 211.

Megacephala (Phaeoxantha) cruciata cruciata View in CoL : Wiesner 1992: 45.

Phaeoxantha cruciata View in CoL : Cassola & Pearson 2001: 11.

Phaeoxantha cruciata cruciata View in CoL : Erwin & Pearson: 2008: 55.

Phaeoxantha cruciata cruciata View in CoL : Wiesner 2020: 30.

Type locality. Argentina: Province of Corientes .

Type material. Lectotype (designated here) ♂ in MNHN, labelled: “Muséum Paris / Province de / Corientes / d’ Orbigny 1834” [ochre-tarnished, printed] // “illegible number and “34” [circular, handwritten, partly illegible] // “cruciata ” [green, handwritten] // “ Type ” [red, printed].

Other material examined. 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ in CDCL: “ Paraguay / Dpto Concepcion, Cororo / 20-XI-98” . 1 ♂, 1 ♀ in CDCL: “ Entre Rios, 3-94 / Argentine, Pena Leg / Dheurle coll” . 1 ♂ in CDCL: “ Paraguay, 17-02-92/ Dpto San Pedro, Nueva / Germania Paso Carmona / Dheurle coll” . 1 ♂ in CCJM: “ Entre Rios / Colon , XII.1981 ” . 1 ♂ in MHCP , 1 ♀ in CCJM: “ Argentina / Colon , “ Entre Rios / 24.II.1976 ” . 1 ♀ in CCJM: “ Argentina / Entre Rios ” . 1 ♀ in CCJM: “ Argentinien / Entre Rios, Colon / X.1976, Kirschenhofer ” . 1 ♂ in MKPC: “ Paraguay, dept. Concepcion / Estancia Estrella / S22°06´, W 57°43´/ 27.-28.II.2014 ”, U. Drechsel ”. GoogleMaps 1 ♀ in MKPC: Paraguay depto San Pedro / Laguna Blanca / S23° 50´, W56°20´, 15.-17.II.2014, U. Drechsel ” GoogleMaps .

Differential diagnosis. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata markedly resembles P. (P.) bifasciata (= P. aequinoctialis sensu auctorum), being often confused with it both in collections and literature. Nevertheless, it may be distinguished by its wider, notably shorter and stouter-side elytra; in addition, the posteromedian black area is almost consistently of a mutually “chiropteran-like” shape with narrow “wings” ( Figs 142 View FIGURES 142–147 , 148, 150 View FIGURES 148–150 , 155 View FIGURES 151–157 ). Therefore, also females of P. (P.) bifasciata , particularly those whose elytra are less attenuated posteriad and sometimes possess a similar yet wider black pattern ( Figs 194–195 View FIGURES 190–201 ), may be distinguished (apart from other characters).

Examined adults of P. (P.) c. cruciata are 15.50–17.7 (LT 17.5) mm long, 6.70–7.30 (LT 7.30) mm wide.

Distribution. The nominotypical subspecies of Phaeoxantha (P.) cruciata is known from the large area of the Rio de la Plata Basin. Apart from the Argentinean province Corientes (type locality), the other examined specimens come from the Argentinean province of Entre Rios. Wiesner (2000) listed it also from Paraguay (provinces of Concepción, Itapúa and San Pedro). The illustrated male specimen from Conception ( Wiesner 2000, fig. 4) is in accordance with the examined and above-listed specimens from Concepcion. On the other hand, the photograph of a male presented by Wiesner & Bandinelli (2014: 4) as “ P. cruciata cruciata ” shows in fact a male of P. (P.) bifasciata . The authors were probably influenced by the records of P. (P.) cruciata from Bolivian localities in the departments of Chuquisaca and Santa Cruz including Rio Seco by Person et al. (1999a), which were evidently based on misidentified specimens. Examined specimens (COSJ) from some of the localities from Machareti near Villamontes in the Bolivian department of Chuquisaca ( Figs 214, 219 View FIGURES 212–220 ), as well as those from Rio Seco near Cabezas in the Bolivian department of Santa Cruz ( Figs 202–213, 220 View FIGURES 202–211 View FIGURES 212–220 , proved to be in fact P. (P.) bifasciata ( Brullé, 1837) ( = aequinoctialis sensu Fleutiaux (1894) and sensu auctorum – partim) – see under the taxon below.

Brulle, A. (1837) Insectes de l'Amerique meridionale recueillis par Alcide d'Orbigny et decrits par Emile Blanchard et Auguste Brulle. In: Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale 6 (2 e Partie: Insectes). P. Bertrand, Paris [&] V. Levrault, Strasbourg, pp. 1 - 56

Cassola, F. & Pearson, D. L (2001) Neotropical Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae): Checklist and Biogeography. Biota Colombiana, 2 (1), 3 - 24.

Fleutiaux, E. (1894) Note sur les coleopteres Cicindelides du genre Phaeoxantha Chaudoir. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 18, 24 - 28.

Horn, W. (1910) Coleoptera Adephaga, Fam. Carabidae, Subfam. Cicindelinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Vol. 82 b. Desmet-Verteneuil, Bruxelles, pp. 105 - 208, pls. 6 - 15.

Horn, W. (1923) Einiges uber neue und alte Cicindeliden (Col.). Entomologiske Meddelelser, 14, 211 - 216.

Wiesner, J. (1992) Verzeichnis der Sandlaufkafer der Welt. Checklist of the tiger beetles of the world (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Verlag Erna Bauer, Keltern, 364 pp.

Wiesner, J. (2000) The Tiger Beetles of Paraguay (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cicindelidae). 67 .. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae. Coleoptera, 4, 285 - 325.

Wiesner, J. & Bandinelli, A. (2014) Notes on the tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) of Argentina. 117. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae. Insecta Mundi, 0377, 1 - 66.

Wiesner, J. (2020) Checklist of the Tiger Beetles of the World, 2 nd Edition. Winterwork, Borsdorf, 540 pp.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 142–147. Phaeoxantha (P.) cruciata cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina,; 142—habitus, ♂; 17,5 mm, Corrientes, LT (MNHN); 143—labels of the LT; 144–145—mandibles: 144—♂, Entre Rios (CCJM); 145—♀, Buenos Aires (CCJM); 146–147—labrum: 146—♂, Entre Rios (CCJM); 147—♀, Buenos Aires (CCJM). Bars = 1 mm.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 148–150. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina (CCJM). 148—habitus, ♂, 16 mm, Entre Rios; 149—ditto, aedeagus; 150—habitus, ♀, 16 mm, Buenos Aires. Bars = 1 mm.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 151–157. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina (CCJM). 151–152—pronotum: 151—♀, Buenos Aires; 152—♂, Entre Rios; 153–157—elytra: 153—♂, Entre Rios; 154—ditto, detail of surface; 155—mutual aspect, ♀, Bue- nos Aires; 156—left elytron, ♀, ibid.; 157—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm.

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FIGURES 190–201. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé).190–196, 198–201—elytra: 190—♀, Brazil, Teffe (CCJM); 191– 192—ditto, details of surface; 193—♀, Brazil, Rio Solimoes (JWCW); 194–196—Bolivia, Rio Cesarsama (JWCW): 194—♀; 195—♂; 196—ditto, surface detail; 197—♂, aedeagus; 198–201—historical specimens ex Chaudoir (MNHN): 198—♀, as P. bifasciata; 199—ditto, surface detail; 200—♀, as “P. aequinoctialis”; 201—ditto, surface detail. Bars = 1 mm.

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FIGURES 212–220. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé), Bolivia. 212—pronotum, ♂, Cabezas (COSJ); 213—ditto, surface detail; 214–218—elytra: 214—♂, Mchareti (COSJ); 215—ditto, surface detail; 216—♀, Buena Vista (JWCW); 217–218—dit- to, surface detail. 219–220—male aedeagus: 219—Mchareti (COSJ); 220—Cabezaz (COSJ); Bars = 1 mm.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 202–211. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé), from Cabezas, Bolivia (COSJ). 202—habitus, ♂, 15.3 mm; 203— mandibles, ♂; 204–205—labrum: 204—♂; 205—♀; 206—maxillae, ♂; 207–211—elytra: 207–208—♂♂; 209—♀; 210 ♂; 211—ditto, surface detail. Bars = 1 mm.

MNHN

Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Carabidae

Tribe

Megacephalini

Genus

Phaeoxantha

SubGenus

Phaeoxantha