Pachybrachis ekstromorum Barney, 2019

Barney, Robert J., 2019, Descriptions of Four New Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Eastern USA, The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1), pp. 67-75 : 69-75

2. Pachybrachis ekstromorum Barney , new species

Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D4801BC1-D32D-48F2-9DBE-4016062F7181 ( Fig. 2 , Map 1)

Holotype. Male labeled “Miami / Fla. // V-1920 [hand-inked, white paper] // H. Klages Coll’ n / C. M. Acc. 11414 [printed, white paper] // [circular blue disc signifying dissection by RJB] // HOLOTYPE / Pachybrachis / ekstromorum / R. J. Barney 2018 [printed, red paper].” Deposited in CMNH. The specimen is point-mounted with the genitalia affixed to a second point. It is in excellent condition with all appendages intact.

Paratypes. Fourteen males and seven females (see Specimens Examined for data) deposited in BMNH, CMNH, SEMC , and USNM.

Description. Male. Yellow, with black maculae ( Fig. 2 ); L = 1.88–2.28 mm (mean = 2.21 mm,

Map 1. Distribution of Pachybrachis species based on specimens examined. P. zellersorum (black), P. ekstromorum (red), P. cubs (blue), and P. troosevelti (green).

n = 10); W = 1.04–1.26 mm (mean = 1.20 mm, n = 10); L/W = 1.81–1.95 (mean = 1.84, n = 10). Head: Slightly wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.73–0.90 mm (mean = 0.85 mm, n = 10); eyes moderately separated, IOD = 0.22–0.27 mm (mean = 0.24 mm, n = 10); IOD/HW = 0.27–0.32 (mean = 0.29, n = 10); face yellow with black, W-shaped macula connecting vertex and base of antennae, and up to base of upper lobes of eyes, without ocular lines ( Fig. 2C ), punctation dense in dark areas, antennae yellow/ brown, not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Yellow, with heavy black, M-shaped macula, punctation not reaching edges; PL = 0.64–0.81 mm (mean = 0.74 mm, n = 10); PW = 0.85–1.07 mm (mean = 1.03 mm, n = 10); PL/PW = 0.69–0.76 (mean = 0.72, n = 10). Elytra: Yellow with black maculae in no particular pattern; punctation confused in baso-sutural region, striae incomplete basally, mostly regular laterally and apically ( Fig. 2A ). Pygidium: Black with 2 ovoid, yellow maculae ( Fig. 2D ). Venter: Black, yellow spot on last ventrite. Legs: Black with yellow femoral and tibial spots, protarsal claws not enlarged ( Fig. 2B ). Genitalia: Median lobe, in en-face view, very tall with narrow sides and large OS; appearing widest at ALMs that curve gently to an extended nodule ( Fig. 2F ). In lateral view, median lobe moderately wide at base, narrowing to extended nodule with setae at ALM ( Fig. 2E ). Six males from one state were dissected.

Female. As in male, except L = 2.28–2.56 mm (mean = 2.45 mm, n = 7); W = 1.30–1.42 mm (mean = 1.36 mm, n = 7); L/W = 1.76– 1.82 (mean = 1.79, n = 7); HW = 0.93–1.03 mm (mean = 0.97 mm, n = 7); IOD = 0.32–0.36 mm (mean = 0.34 mm, n = 7); IOD/HW = 0.33– 0.37 (mean = 0.35, n = 7).

Etymology. Named in honor of the Ekstrom Family, formerly of Miami, Florida and Lincolnwood, Illinois, now residing in Kentucky.

Remarks. Externally, P. ekstromorum could easily be confused with several species in the atomarius species-group ( Barney 2018a), especially Pachybrachis charlotteae Barney. However , P. charlotteae has not been found in Florida. The atomarius species-group is characterized by small species, yellow mottle with brown or black markings, front without ocular lines, and protarsal claws of males not enlarged. The large, scoop-like median lobe of P. ekstromorum facilitates easy identification from other Florida-centric species ( Barney 2016a).

Distribution. Pachybrachis ekstromorum has only been found in four Florida counties (Map 1).

Specimens Examined. Holotype + 21 paratypes. USA: FLORIDA: Hillsborough Co., Lutz, 2. iii.1926, Krautwurm [1♀, CMNH]; same data, except 6.iv.1926 [16, CMNH]; same data, except 1. iv.1927 [766 5♀♀, CMNH]; Lee Co. , Ft. Myers, 14. viii.1930, P. W. Oman [16, SEMC]; Miami-Dade Co. , Miami, 18.v.1920, H. Klages [16, CMNH]; same data, except 19.iv.1921 [366 1♀, CMNH]; Naranja, 1.iii.1919, A. Wetmore [16, USNM]; Pinellas Co. , Dunedin, 15.iii.1930, W. S. Blatchley [16, BMNH].

3. Pachybrachis cubs Barney , new species Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:50EF94C3-2E35-43AA-A4F2-D61F55CFA37C ( Fig. 3 , Map 1)

Holotype. Male labeled “ USA: VA, Lynchburg / 15.v.1989 / B.W. Triplehorn coll. [printed, white paper] // [circular blue disc signifying dissection by RJB] // HOLOTYPE / Pachybrachis / cubs / R. J. Barney 2018 [printed, red paper].” Deposited in OSUC. The specimen is point-mounted with the genitalia affixed to a second point. Some features are partially obscured by glue, but it was determined that more harm could be done by further attempts at removal.

Paratypes. Five females (see Specimens Examined for data) deposited in OSUC.

Description. Male. Yellow, with very reduced black maculae ( Fig. 3 ); L = 2.35 mm (n = 1); W = 1.27 mm (n = 1); L/W = 1.84 (n = 1). Head: Slightly wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.89 mm (n = 1); eyes widely separated, IOD = 0.27 mm (n = 1); IOD/HW = 0.30 (n = 1); face yellow with reduced black, W-shaped macula connecting vertex and base of antennae, and up to base of upper lobes of eyes, without ocular lines ( Fig. 3C ), punctation dense in dark areas, antennae yellow/brown, not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Yellow, with broadly diffuse, rufous, M-shaped macula, punctation not reaching edges; PL = 0.77 mm (n = 1); PW = 1.48 mm (n = 1); PL/PW = 0.52 (n = 1). Elytra: Yellow with black maculae reduced to almost imperceptible; punctation confused in basosutural region, striae mostly regular and very distinct ( Fig. 3A ). Pygidium: Black with 2 large, conjoined yellow maculae ( Fig. 3D ). Venter: Black, yellow spot on last ventrite. Legs: Brown with yellow femoral and tibial spots, protarsal claws not enlarged ( Fig. 3B ). Genitalia: Median lobe in enface view distinctly widest at thickened and expanded ALM, with a prominent nodule ( Fig. 3F ). In lateral view, median lobe rather uniformly thickened, with a slight mid-ridge and short setae before angled nodule ( Fig. 3E ). The only male was dissected.

Female. As in male, except L = 2.41–2.65 mm (mean = 2.57 mm, n = 5); W = 1.31–1.54mm (mean = 1.45 mm, n = 5); L/W = 1.73–1.83 (mean = 1.78, n = 5); HW = 0.94–1.03 mm (mean = 0.99 mm, n = 5); IOD = 0.33–0.38 mm (mean = 0.36 mm, n = 5); IOD/HW = 0.35–0.38 (mean = 0.36, n = 5).

Etymology. Named in honor and recognition of Major League Baseball’ s 2016 World Champion Chicago Cubs.

Remarks. The six specimens of P. cubs were apparently collected as one series. Unfortunately, the single male is slightly contaminated with Elmer’ s glue.

Distribution. The species is only known from a single series collected in Lynchburg, Virginia.

Specimens Examined. Holotype + five paratypes. USA: VIRGINIA: Campbell Co., Lynchburg , 15.v.1989, B. W. Triplehorn [16 5♀♀, OSUC].

4. Pachybrachis troosevelti Barney , new species Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A2782249-2812-4921-A6CE-511C478B7005 ( Fig. 4 , Map 1)

Holotype. Male labeled “Bethune SC / 7 July 1935 [hand-inked, white paper] // J.G. Watts / Collector // 6 // H.C. FALL / COLLECTION [printed, white paper] // [circular blue disc signifying dissection by RJB] // HOLOTYPE / Pachybrachis / troosevelti / R. J. Barney 2018 [printed, red paper].” Deposited in MCZ. The specimen is point-mounted. It is in excellent condition with all appendages intact. There are 13 (666 7♀♀) paratypes with identical collecting data.

Paratypes. Thirteen males and nine females (see Specimens Examined for data) deposited in CUAC, MCZ, MEM , and USNM.

Description. Male. Yellow, with very reduced black maculae ( Fig. 4 ); L = 1.85–2.06 mm (mean = 1.97 mm, n = 13); W = 0.99–1.13 mm (mean = 1.08 mm, n = 13); L/W = 1.76–1.88 (mean = 1.82, n = 13). Head: Slightly wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.66–0.74 mm (mean = 0.71 mm, n = 13); eyes moderately separated, IOD = 0.15–0.23 mm (mean = 0.19 mm, n = 13); IOD/HW = 0.21–0.32 (mean = 0.27, n = 13); face yellow with reduced rufous, W-shaped macula connecting vertex and base of antennae, and up to base of upper lobes of eyes, without ocular lines ( Fig. 4C ), punctation dense in dark areas, antennae yellow-brown, not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Yellow, with broadly diffuse, rufous, M-shaped macula, punctation not reaching edges; PL = 0.64–0.75 mm (mean = 0.69 mm, n = 13); PW = 0.85–0.98 mm (mean = 0.92 mm, n = 13); PL/PW = 0.71– 0.79 (mean = 0.76, n = 13). Elytra: Yellow with black maculae reduced to almost imperceptible; punctation confused in baso-sutural region, striae mostly regular and very distinct ( Fig. 4A ). Pygidium: Brown with 2 large, conjoined yellow maculae ( Fig. 4D ). Venter: Brown, yellow spot on last ventrite. Legs: Yellow with brown femoral and tibial spots; foreclaws not enlarged ( Fig. 4B ). Genitalia: Median lobe in en-face view with circular OS and darkly sclerotized median basal plate; en-face outline with ALM broadly and evenly rounded to a thick triangular nodule ( Fig. 4F ). In lateral view, ventral surface broadly inflated, slightly narrowed at basal contraction; beard consisting of short setae at ALM ( Fig. 4E ). Eleven males from two states were dissected.

Female. As in male, except L = 2.09–2.40 mm (mean = 2.26 mm, n = 9); W = 1.13–1.32 mm (mean = 1.26 mm, n = 9); L/W = 1.75–1.85 (mean = 1.80, n = 9); HW = 0.79–0.87 mm (mean = 0.83 mm, n = 9); IOD = 0.27–0.29 mm (mean = 0.28 mm, n = 9); IOD/HW = 0.32– 0.37 (mean = 0.34, n = 9).

Etymology. Named in honor of Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt, 26 th President of the United States, who is recognized as an early conservationist and strong supporter of preserving public lands as national parks, forests, and monuments.

Remarks. The specimens of P. troosevelti were originally believed to be a variation of Pachybrachis femoratus (Olivier) without the enlarged tarsal foreclaws. However, upon further examination, it was determined that the male genitalia of P. troosevelti do not have the distinct basal constriction of the median lobe, seen in lateral view, as does P. femoratus . Also, P. troosevelti has a much larger IOD than P. femoratus .

The specimens in the series of P. troosevelti from Alabama have much more distinct black maculae on the elytra and a darker, fuller pronotal M-shaped, rufous macula. While the median lobes of the Alabama and South Carolina specimens are not exactly the same, I feel that there is not enough difference to separate the populations into two species. Additional research could determine that the Alabama specimens represent another closely related species.

One of the females from MCZ has an additional label, in Fall’ s handwriting, that reads “near mitis but appears distinct.” While a paratype of Pachybrachis mitis Fall, 1915 from San Diego, Texas ( Fall 1915 Revis label, USNM) appears almost identical to P. troosevelti , dissection of the median lobe revealed the species to be completely different.

Pachybrachis ekstromorum , P. cubs , and P. troosevelti can be included in the key to males of the atomarius species-group ( Barney 2018b) by modifying couplet 7 as follows:

7. Median lobe very narrowed in lateral view, DEO deflexed at near 30° angle, without denticles or beards (Fig. 6) .................... ................................ P. jacobi Barney

7 ʹ. Median lobe not narrowed in lateral view, DEO deflexed at>45° angle from vertical, usually with denticles and beards ......... 8

7 ʹʹ. Median lobe in en-face view very tall, with narrow sides and large OS, appearing widest at the ALMs that curve gently to an extended nodule; Florida .......................... ..... P. ekstromorum Barney , new species

7 ʹʹʹ. Median lobe in en-face view distinctly widest at thickened and expanded ALM, with a prominent nodule ....................... ................. P. cubs Barney , new species

7 ʹʹʹʹ. Median lobe in en-face view with circular OS and darkly sclerotized median basal

plate; en-face outline with ALM broadly and evenly rounded to a thick triangular nodule; in lateral view, ventral surface broadly inflated, slightly narrowed at basal constriction ............... P. troosevelti Barney ,

new species

Distribution. The species is only known from two southern states, Alabama and South Carolina (Map 1).

Specimens Examined. Holotype + 22 paratypes. USA: ALABAMA: Baldwin Co., Bon Secour

National Wildlife Refuge, T 9S, R3E, Sec. 30W, 13- 14.x.1991, R. Brown & D. Pollock [466 1♀, MEM]. SOUTH CAROLINA: Kershaw Co., Bethune, 7. vii.1935, J. G. Watts [366 2♀♀, MCZ; 366 5♀♀, CUAC]; same data, except 30.viii.1931 [16, USNM]; Richland Co. , Pontiac, 29.ix.1936, J. G. Watts [366 1♀, CUAC] .

Figures

Fig. 2. Pachybrachis ekstromorum, holotype. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus, C) Face, D) Pygidium, E) Median lobe of aedeagus, lateral view, F) Median lobe of aedeagus, en-face view.

Fig. 3. Pachybrachis cubs, holotype. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus, C) Face, D) Pygidium, E) Median lobe of aedeagus, lateral view, F) Median lobe of aedeagus, en-face view.

Fig. 4. Pachybrachis troosevelti, holotype. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Lateral habitus, C) Face, D) Pygidium, E) Median lobe of aedeagus, lateral view, F) Median lobe of aedeagus, en-face view.