Anthalona verrucosa verrucosa ( Sars, 1901 )

Sousa, Francisco Diogo R., Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes M. A., Debastiani-Júnior, José Roberto, Mugnai, Riccardo & Senna, André, 2015, New records of Anthalona acuta Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont 2011 and Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002) in Brazil, with description of a new species of the simplex - branch (Crustacea: Cladocera: Chydoridae), Zootaxa 4044 (2), pp. 224-240 : 229-230

Anthalona verrucosa verrucosa ( Sars, 1901)

Type locality. Vicinity of São Paulo, Brazil ( Sars 1901).

Lectotype. Single parthenogenetic female, Zool. Mus. Oslo, Accession number F12338a, Collection G.O. Sars, São Paulo, Brazil (Van Damme et al. 2011).

Material examined. Bahia. A parthenogenetic female from a pond in Roda Velha (12°47'18"S, 45°57'06"W), Bahia, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 30.06.1985, (EL00719). Nine parthenogenetic females from a pond in Nova Viçosa (17°53'55"S, 39°22'7"W), Bahia, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 22.01.1991 and 13.03.1995, (EL00720, EL02213).

Distrito Federal. A parthenogenetic female from Paranoá Lake (15°46'59"S, 47°50'53"W), Distrito Federal, Brasília, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 0 1.01.1984, (EL00742). Twenty-seven parthenogenetic females from Cedro Pond (15°53'50.2"S, 47°56'37.7"W), Distrito Federal, Park Way, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 03.04.2002; 07.06.2002; 14.01.2006, (EL00721, EL00722, EL00759, EL00760). Two parthenogenetic females from Acampamento Dam (15°44'53.0"S, 47°57'49.1"W), Parque Nacional de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 27.05.2002, (EL00724). Four parthenogenetic females from Bonita pond (15°35'22.1"S, 47°41'50.1”W), Ecological Station of Águas Emendadas, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 0 3.05.2005 (EL00725). A parthenogenetic female from Recanto das Águas Stream (15°55'21.25"S, 47°58'56.43"W), Park Way, Distrito Federal, Brazil, collected by Erivaldo Casado on 15.06.2005, (EL00726). Fourteen parthenogenetic females from a pool at Botanic Horto (15°51'39.48"S, 48°1'46.81"W), Universidade Católica de Brasília, Taguatinga, Distrito Federal, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 24.04.2013, (EL02385).

Goiás. Three parthenogenetic females from Meia-Lua Farm (15°50'10"S, 48°54'28" W), Pirenópolis, Goiás, Brazil, collected by Valéria Barros on 0 4.06.2000, (EL02231). Two parthenogenetic females from Capivaras pond (18°16.245'S, 52°50.529'W), Emas National Park, Mineiros, Goiás, Brazil, collected by Guilherme Miranda on 0 9.07.2000 (EL00727). A parthenogenetic female from Macacos River (14°27’42.9"S, 47°00’15.2"W), Paranã River Valley, Flores do Goiás, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 11.04.2003, (EL00729). A parthenogenetic female from a pond in Paranã River valley (15°09’15.8"S, 47°28’04.7"W), Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 19.04.2003, (EL00730). Thirteen parthenogenetic females from Jataí swamp in Paranã River valley (15°09’15.8"S, 47°28’04.7"W), Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by Ciro Joko on 20.08.2003, (EL00731). Sixteen parthenogenetic females from Jataí swamp in Paranã River valley (15°09’15.8"S, 47°28’04.7"W), Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 19.09.2004, (EL00724). Ten parthenogenetic females from swamp in Paranã River valley (14°32’03.0"S, 47°01’50.1"W), Flores de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 0 7.02.2005, (EL00732). Two parthenogenetic females from swamp in Paranã River valley (14°32’03.0"S, 47°01’50.1"W), Flores de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 0 7.02.2005, (EL00733). Eleven parthenogenetic females from a pond in Paranã River valley (14°54’56.0"S, 46°57’02.9"W), Flores de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 0 7.02.2005, (EL00733). Eigth parthenogenetic females from Feia Pond (15°34'25.05"S, 47°18'9.00"W), Instruction Field of the Brazilian Army, Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 12.12.2009, (EL01758). A parthenogenetic female from Grande Pond (15°49'59.29" S, 47°13'55.42"W), Instruction Field of the Brazilian Army, Formosa, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 0 7.08.2009, (EL01751). Five parthenogenetic females, two males and one ephipial female from Pond at Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (14°6'5.84"S, 47°42'4.89"W), Alto Paraíso, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 17.12.2012, (EL02238). A parthenogenetic female from Pond at Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (14°6'8.57"S, 47°42'7.35"W), Alto Paraíso, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 17.12.2012, (EL02266). Eight parthenogenetic females from Pond at Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros (14°6'8.37"S, 47°42'12.32"W), Alto Paraíso, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 17.12.2012, (EL02268). Thirty six parthenogenetic females from Sete Lagoas Pond (14°04'26,5"S, 47°39'40,7"W), Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Paraíso, Goiás, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 18.06.2012 and 14.03.2013, (EL02299, EL02363).

Maranhão. Three parthenogenetic females from Azalão Pond (2º39'34"S, 42º39'55"W), Lençóis Maranhenses, Maranhão, Brazil, collected by Odete Rocha on 28.11.1996, (EL01578). Ninety parthenogenetic females from Pond at Tutoia, Caju Island (2º43'38"S, 42º04'44"W), Maranhão, Brazil, collected by Maria do Socorro Ibañez on 0 1.03.1999, (EL02135).

Minas Gerais. Two parthenogenetic females from Jatobá Pond (14°56'13"S, 44°37'35"W), Parque Estadual Veredas do Peruaçú, Januária, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by Maria Beatriz Gomez e Sousa on 0 1.09.2003, (EL01979). Two parthenogenetic females from Vereda do Peruaçú (14°55'58"S, 44°34'49"W), Parque Estadual Veredas do Peruaçú, Januária, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by Maria Beatriz Gomez e Sousa on 0 1.09.2003, (EL01970). A parthenogenetic female from Formosa Pond (14°55'58"S, 44°34'49"W), Parque Estadual Veredas do Peruaçú, Januária, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by Maria Beatriz Gomez e Sousa on 25.03.2003, (EL01984). Two parthenogenetic females from Preto River (17°55'6.20"S, 43°48'50.36"W), Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas, Bocaiúva, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by Adriana Fernandes on 0 2.05.2010, (EL02409). Two ephipial females and one male from Carrascão Pond (17°56'34.73"S, 43°49'49.76"W), Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas, Bocaiúva, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by Adriana Fernandes on 0 5.05.2010, (EL01873). Seven parthenogenetic females from Redonda Pond (17º46'39"S, 43º36'59"W), Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas, Bocaiúva, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by Adriana Fernandes on 0 6.05.2010, (EL02406). Four parthenogenetic females from Silipe River (17°29’S, 43°21’W), Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas, Bocaiúva, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by GEEA on 0 7.09.2010, (EL02410).

Mato Grosso do Sul. A parthenogenetic female from Garças Pond (22°43'33"S, 53°13'34"W), Boitaporã, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 26.09.2009, (EL01763).

Mato Grosso. Thirteen parthenogenetic females from the vicinity of Poconé (16°21'36"S, 56°38'48"W), Mato Grosso, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 0 2.02.1986, (EL00735, EL00736). Nineteen parthenogenetic females from swamp at Santo Antônio do Levenger (15°50'26"S, 56°4'33"W), Mato Grosso, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 26.07.1988, (EL00737).

Pará. Fourteen parthenogenetic females and one male from Serra dos Carajás (6°24'30.3"S, 50°21'4.4"W), Carajás, Pará, Brazil, collected by Reinaldo Luiz Bozzeli on 0 8.05.2005, (EL00738).

Pernambuco. Two parthenogenetic females from Dama at Escada (8°19'30"S, 35°14'21.5"W), Pernambuco, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 23.12.1989, (EL01574).

Paraná. A parthenogenetic female from Pond in Curitiba (25°31'46"S, 49°13'19"W), Paraná, Brazil, collected by LMAEL and Gilmar Perbiche-Neves on 18.02.2008, (EL02129). A parthenogenetic female from Ressaco do Pau Véio (2°44'54"S, 53°15'25"W), Porto Rico, Paraná, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 26.03.2009, (EL02128). Thirty parthenogenetic females from Ressaco do Leopoldo (22°45'27"S, 53°16'16"W), Porto Rico, Paraná, Brazil, collected by LMAEL on 26.03.2009, (EL02047).

Rio de Janeiro. One hundred and thirty parthenogenetic females from Cabiúnas pond (22°18’S, 41°42’W), Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, collected by Paloma Lopes on 0 1.06. 2004, (EL00739).

Santa Catarina. Twenty-five parthenogenetic females from Mapiju farm (27°41'30"S, 48°46'55"W), Imperatriz, Santa Catarina, Brazil, collected by Gilberto Pereira Júnior on 27.09.2001, (EL02185).

São Paulo. Seventeen parthenogenetic females from Lagoa do Coqueiral (23°29'22.64"S, 48°37'6.65"W), Angatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, collected by Silvia M. C. Casanova and LMAEL on 22.01.2002 and 30.01.2001, (EL00740, EL02348).

Comments. See Van Damme et al. (2011) for descriptions and diagnosis.

Distribution and ecology. Anthalona verrucosa verrucosa has a wide distribution range in Brazil ( Fig. 6 C). This species was found in several types of water bodies such as streams, rivers, dams, reservoirs, lakes and swamps. According to Van Damme et al. (2011), this species may be associated with a lower acidity water but prefers neutral environments.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Geographical distribution of four species of Anthalona in the Neotropics. A, Anthalona acuta Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont, 2011. B, Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Hollwedel, 2002). C, Anthalona verrucosa verrucosa (Sars, 1901). D, Anthalona neotropica sp. nov. Black circles are previous records in Van Damme et al. (2011) and Sinev & Hollwedel (2002). White circles are records observed in this study.