Atteva pustulella (Fabricius)

Wilson, John, Landry, Jean-François, Janzen, Daniel, Hallwachs, Winnie, Nazari, Vazrick, Hajibabaei, Mehrdad & Hebert, Paul, 2010, Identity of the ailanthus webworm moth (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae), a complex of two species: evidence from DNA barcoding, morphology and ecology, ZooKeys 46 (46), pp. 41-60 : 45-48

Atteva pustulella (Fabricius)

Phalaena Tinea punctella Stoll, 1781: 164 . Type locality: Costa Rica by neotype designated here. A primary junior homonym of Phalaena punctella Linnaeus, 1761 .

Tinea pastulella Fabricius, 1787: 241 . Objective replacement name for Phalaena Tinea punctella Stoll, 1781 . Th e spelling is a printing error for pustulella , as is clearly evident from the description.

Tinea pustulella Fabricius, 1794: 292 . Justified emendation of T. pastulella Fabricius, 1787 .

Lithosia pustulata Fabricius, 1798: 462 .

Crameria subtilis Hübner, 1822: 168 . Objective replacement name for Phalaena Tinea punctella Stoll, 1781 .

Forewings. The pattern ranging from Uruguay and Argentina northwards to Costa Rica, consists of thick black outlinings around the white spots and the orange spots reduced, with the antemedial and medial orange fasciae divided into two large blotches each ( Figure 3B ). No other morphological features, either in colouration, other external characters or genitalia, distinguish this species from A. aurea .

Habitat and food plants. Atteva pustulella caterpillars (400+) have been found only in the ACG rain forest ecosystem and feeding only on new shoots of Simarouba amara . Where the ACG rain forest intergrades with ACG dry forest, to date all caterpillars from S. amara have been those of A. pustulella (while caterpillars of A. aurea have been found on both S. amara and S. glauca in the intergrade zone) ( Figure 2 ).

Ailanthus glandulosa [= A. altissima ] in Argentina ( Berg 1880: 101), Castela erecta , in Saint Croix, Antilles ( Walsingham, 1914: 331), C. peninsularis , C. polyandra , C.

Figure |. One of 199 most parsimonious trees found by the PAUPRat analysis of Atteva barcodes sequences showing the presence of diagnostic nucleotide differences between the species. Th e scale bar shows the number of changes. Notable specimens are highlighted in red.

emory, in the United States ( Powell et al. 1973: 177). Th ese are doubtful records for which either the host or the moth species may be misidentified ( Becker 2009).

Distribution. This species ranges from Costa Rica, where it meets aurea , southwards to Uruguay and Argentina. It is also present in the Antilles. Becker (2009) reports several specimens from Dominica, Jamaica, Haiti and Martinique in the USNM.

Neotype. Phalaena Tinea punctella Stoll , female, here designated, deposited in USNM, labelled: “Voucher: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs | DB: http://janzen.sas. upenn.edu | Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, | COSTA RICA. | 04-SRNP-4574 [white, printed with numbers handwritten]; “LEGS AWAY | FOR DNA” [pale yellow, printed]; genitalia slide [female symbol] | JFL 1680 [pale green, printed]; “NEO- TYPE | Phalaena Tinea | punctella | Stoll, 1781 | by J.-F. Landry 2010” [orange, partly printed, partly handwritten]. The specimen is unspread and is missing the right midleg which was removed for DNA extraction, but otherwise is in good condition. Barcode sequence under GenBank accession number HM034113 .

Additional specimen data from Janzen’s online database: latitude 10.90037º, longitude -85.37254º, elevation 500 m, Anabelle Cordoba leg., collection date 10 Sep 2004 as antepenultimate larval instar feeding on Simarouba amara , pupation 16 Sep 2004, adult emergence 25 Sep 2004, ACG voucher code 04-SRNP-4574. Photographs (lateral views of each side) are available in BOLD under the voucher code.

Table |. DNA barcodes and the nature of intraspecific variation for four species of Atteva .

Species Number of sequences Number of unique Mean intraspecific haplotypes distance

Atteva pustullela 23 7 0.19

AACATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAAGAGGTATAGTAGGAACTTCTTTA-

AGTTTATTAATTCGAGCTGAATTAGGAAATCCTGGTTCTTTAATTGGGAATGAC-

CAAATTTATAATACTATTGT C ACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTAT{A,G}

GTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGG{A,G}TTTGGAAATTGACTTGTCCCATTAATATTAG-

GAGC C CCAGATATAGCCTTTCCCCGAATAAATAA C ATAAGTTTTTGATTACTTC-

CACCTTCTATTACCCTATTAATTGCAAGAAG T ATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACAG-

GATGAACTGTATACCCACCTTTATCTTC C AATATTGCTCATGGAGGTGGTTCAGTT-

GATTTAGCTATTTTTTCT C T T CATTTAGCTGGAATTTCATCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTA-

ATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATACGAAGTAATGGTATAAATTTTGATCAAATACCTT-

TATTTGTTTGAGCTGTAGGAATTACTGCTCTTTTATTATTATTATCTTTACCAGT A TTAG-

CAGG G GCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGACCCAG-

CAGGTGGTGG{A,G}GATCCAATTTTATACCAACATTTATT C

Atteva aurea 112 44 0.56

AACATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGA{A,G}{A,G}AGGTATAGTAGGAACTTCTTTA

AGTTTATTAATTCGAGCTGAATTAGGAAATCCTGG{C,T}TC{C,T}TTAATTGG{C,T}

AATGACCAAATTTACAATACTATTGTTACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTT-

TATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATT C GGAAATTGACTTGTTCCATTA-

ATATTAGGAGCTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCC{A,C,T}CGAATAAATAATATAAGTTT{C,T}

TGA C TACT{C,T}CCACCTTCTATTACCTTATTAATTGCAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAAT-

GGAGCAGGTACAGGATGAACTGTATACCCACCTTTATCATCTAATATTGCT-

CACGGAGGTAGTTCAGTTGATTTAGCTATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGC{C,T}

GGAATTTCATCTATTTTAGG{A,G}GCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATAC-

GAAGTAATGGTATAAATTTTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTAGGAATTACT-

GCTCTTTTATTATTATTATCTTTACCAGTTTTAGC{A,G}GGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTA

AC A GATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGACCC{A,G}GC T GGTGG{G,T}GG{A,G}{A,G}

A{C,T}CCAATTTT{A,G}TA{C,T}CAACATTT{A,G}TTT

AACATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAAGAGGTATAGTAGGAACTTCTTTA-

AGTTTATTAATTCGAGCTGAATTAGGAAA{C,T}CC{C,T}GGTTCTTTAATTGG{C,T}

AA C GATCAAATTTA{C,T}AATACTATTGTTACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTT-

TATAGTTATACC A ATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGG{A,G}AATTGACTTGT{C,T}CCATTAATA

TTAGGAGCTCCAGATATAGCCTT{C,T}CCTCG{A,G}ATAAATAATATAAGTTTCTGATTA

CTTCCACCTTC{A,T}{A,T}TTACTTTATTAATTGCAAGAAGAATT{G,C}TAGAAAAT{A,G}

{A,G}AGCAGG{G,T}ACAGGATGAACTGTATACCCACCTTTATCATCTAATATTGCTCAC{

G,T}G{A,G}GGTAGTTCAGTTGATTTAGCTATTTTTTC{C,T}TTACATTTAGCTGGAATTT

CATCTATTTTAGG{A,G}GCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATACGAAGTAATGG

{C,T}ATAAATTTTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGAGCTGTAGGAATTACTGCTCTTT-

TATTATTATTATCTTTACCAGT{C,T}TTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGAT

CGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTT{C,T}GA{C,T}CCAGC{A,G}GGTGG{A,G}GGAGA{C,T}

CCAATTTTATA{C,T}CAACATTTATTT

Figures

Figure 2. Map showing the distribution of Atteva specimens examined as part of this study. Notable specimens are highlighted in red.

Figure 3. A The original figure of Atteva punctella from Plate 372 in Stoll (1781). Th e illustration is 25 mm wide in the work B Phalaena Tinea punctella Stoll (= A. pustulella Fabricius), specimen USNCN- CLEP00056027 (USNM) C Atteva hysginiella, specimen CNCLEP00060122 (CNC) D A. zebra, specimen CNCLEP00056033 (USNM).