Podisus fuscescens (Dallas, 1851)

Brugnera, Ricardo, Roell, Talita, Campos, Luiz Alexandre & Grazia, Jocelia, 2020, Taxonomy of widespread Neotropical species of Podisus Herrich-Schäffer (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae): redescription of P. distinctus (Stål, 1860) and revalidation of P. fuscescens (Dallas, 1851), Zootaxa 4751 (3), pp. 546-562 : 550-555

Podisus fuscescens (Dallas, 1851) , REVISED STATUS

Arma fuscescens Dallas, 1851: 102 ; Walker 1867: 134; Kirkaldy 1909: 19; Thomas 1992: 87 (Lectotype female in NHMUK, Figs 7–9 ) (removed from the synonymy with P. sagitta (Fabricius, 1794) proposed by Thomas 1992: 87).

Telepta fuscescens Stål, 1862: 90 ; Thomas 1992: 95 (part.) (Homonym) (Synonymized by Stål 1870: 51).

Arma caliginosa Walker, 1867: 138 ; Kirkaldy 1909: 18; Thomas 1992: 90 NEW SYNONYMY (Holotype female in NHMUK,

Figs 10–12 ) (removed from the synonymy with P. distinctus ( Stål, 1860) proposed by Thomas 1992: 90).

Arma turbida Walker, 1867: 140 ; Kirkaldy 1909: 21; Thomas 1992: 90 NEW SYNONYMY (Holotype female in NHMUK, Figs 13–15 ) (removed from the synonymy with P. distinctus ( Stål, 1860) proposed by Thomas 1992: 90).

Podisus (Podisus) fuscescens: Stål 1867: 497 ; Stål 1870: 50.

Podisus mellipes Bergroth, 1891: 217 ; Lethierry & Severin 1893: 218; Kirkaldy 1909: 19; Becker & Grazia–Vieira 1977: 63; Hildebrand 1987: 88; Thomas 1992: 90 NEW SYNONYMY (Holotype male in MNHN, Figs 16–18 ) (removed from the synonymy with P. distinctus ( Stål, 1860) proposed by Thomas 1992: 90).

Podisus caliginosa: Lethierry & Severin 1893: 217 ; Kirkaldy 1909: 18; Thomas 1992: 90.

Podisus turbidus: Distant 1900: 59 ; Kirkaldy 1909: 21; Thomas 1992: 90.

Apateticus (Eupodisus) fuscescens: Schouteden 1907:71 ; Thomas 1992: 88.

Apateticus (Eupodisus) caliginosus: Schouteden 1907: 71 ; Thomas 1992: 90.

Apateticus (Eupodisus) mellipes: Schouteden 1907: 71 ; Costa Lima 1940: 49; Thomas 1992: 90.

Apateticus (Eupodisus) turbidus: Schouteden 1907: 72 ; Thomas 1992: 90.

Apateticus (Podisus) caliginosa: Kirkaldy 1909: 18 ; Thomas 1992: 90.

Apateticus (Podisus) fuscescens: Kirkaldy 1909: 19 ; Thomas 1992: 88.

Apateticus (Podisus) mellipes: Kirkaldy 1909: 19 ; Thomas 1992: 90.

Apateticus (Podisus) turbidus: Kirkaldy 1909: 21 ; Thomas 1992: 90.

Podisus (Podisus) mellipes: Buckup 1960: 13 ; Thomas 1992: 90.

Comments on Telepta fuscescens Stål, 1862 : This species was first synonymized by Stål 1870: 50–51 with Podisus (P.) fuscescens (= Arma fuscescens ) (Dallas, 1851). Based on the specimens (two females) used by Stål to describe Telepta fuscescens, Distant (1880) concluded that only part of the specimens would be synonyms of Podisus fuscescens (Dallas) . Therefore, Distant (1880: 83) described Podisus affinis Distant for one of the females to correct the homonymy between Arma fuscescens Dallas and Telepta fuscescens Stål (in part). Distant (1880: 38) stated: “Stål considered the above synonymous with P. (Arma) fuscescens, Dallas. It , however, differs at once from that species by the pronotal spines, which are not emarginate or notched as in P. fuscescens ”. We examined the syntype of Podisus affinis Distant deposited in NHMUK, and we agree with Distant’s decision.

Types examined: Arma fuscescens Dallas, 1851 : Lectotype ♀, labels: “48 11”, “mexico” “7. Arma fuscescens ,”, “a”, “Type”, “Lectotype”, “ NHMUK 010592323 ” ( NHMUK).

Arma caliginosa Walker, 1867 : Holotype ♀, labels: “Constancia Jan/1857. H. Clark. ”, “35. Arma caliginosa .”, “Type”, “Holotype”, “ NHMUK 010592321 ” ( NHMUK).

Arma turbida Walker 1867 : Holotype ♀, labels: “Saunders 65.13”, “43. Arma turbida ”, “Type”, “Holotype”, “ NHMUK 010592336 ” ( NHMUK).

Podisus mellipes Bergroth, 1891 : Holotype ♂, labels: “ Brésil ”, “Museum Paris MNHN (EH) 24476”, “TYPE”, “MUSEUM PARIS collection FALLOU”, “ Podisus mellipes Bergroth, 1891 ” ( MNHN) .

Non-types examined: HONDURAS: El Paraíso 1 ♀, Yuscaran, Rio Aguacote , 2800m, 12.V.1993, L. Stanee & R. Miller leg. ( JEE) ; PANAMA: Chiriquí 1 ♀, 8k N of Cont’l Divide, 15.V.1996, Wappes Huether & Morris leg. ( JEE) ; COLOMBIA: Putumayo 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Santa Rosa, Kofan Indian Village , Rio S. Miguel , 2–15.X.1970, P. Bur-chard & B. Malkin leg. [ 00319676 , 00319677 ] ( AMNH) ; 1 ♀, Mocoa, Rumiyaco , N1°11’84.0’’, W76°38’65.3’’, 600 m, 03.III.2016, J. Mora leg. ( UNAB) ; Cundinamarca 1 ♀, La Veja , 26.IV.1974, A. B. Lotero. leg. [ 55942 ] ( ICN) ; Valle del Cauca 1 ♂, Restrepo, Vereda Rio Bravo , 900m, 9.II.1984, I. de Arévalo. leg. [ 55954 ] ( ICN) ; 2 ♀ 1♂, Buga, Laguna de Sonso , N 03.88340°, W76.34908°, 965 m, 1–2.III. 2017, L. Girón, C. Castillo, M. Nepto leg. [ 24228 , 3487 , 52591 ] ( MPUJ) ; Caquetá 1 ♀, San José del Fragua , V. Vergel , F . Lagos , N 01°20’23’’, W75°59’01’’, 402 m, 03.VI.2013, J. Gamboa leg. ( UNAB) ; Caldas 1 ♀ Palestina, Vda. Santágueda, Granja Montelindo, 1010 m, N 5°03’38.82’’ W 74°40’12.21’’, 12.IV.2012, A. Caballero leg. ( UNAB) ; Meta 1 ♀, Cumaral, Vda. El Yari , N4°16’, O73°29’, 452 m, 04.VIII.2014, C. Zamora leg. ( UNAB) ; Tolima 1 ♂, Chaparral N 3º43’39’’ W 75°50’10’’, 854 m, 03.I.2004, Malagon C, Triviño C. leg. ( UNAB) VENEZUELA: Miranda 2 ♀, 2km SW Caucagua, 300 m, 3. VII.1998, O’Brien & G.Wibner leg. ( JEE) ; Mérida 1 ♀, South of Chiguara, 17.VI. 1986, 450 m, P. H. Freylaq & M. A. Gaiani leg. ( JEE) ; Yaracuy 1 ♀, 24 km west Nirgua, 1300 m, 4.VIII.1988, O’Brien & G. Wibner leg. ( JEE) ; Zulia Kasmera 1 ♀, Rio Yasa , Sierra de Perija , 19.IX.1961, C. J. Rosales & F. Fernandez leg. ( MIZA) ; BRAZIL: Pará 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Jacareacanga, XII.1968, M. Alvarenga leg. [ 00319678 , 00319679 ] ( AMNH) ; 1 ♀, Tucuruí, Rio To-cantins , 01.VII.1984, A. A. Nunes leg. ( MPEG) ; 1 ♀, Serra Norte , Est. do Fofoca , 08.V.1984, M. F. Torres leg. ( MPEG) ; 1 ♀, Serra Norte , Manganês , 24.VI.1985, M. F. Torres leg. ( MPEG) ; Mato Grosso 2 ♀, Sinop, S12°31’, W55°37’, X.1974, M. Alvarenga leg. ( AMNH) ; Rondônia 1 ♀, 62 km SW Ariquemes, Nr. Fzda. Rancho Grande , 6–15.XII.1990, D.A. Rider & J. E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 1 ♀ 62 km SW Ariquemes, Nr. Fzda. Rancho Grande , 12.IX.1992, U. Schmitz, BL Trap ( JEE) ; 1 ♀, Forte Príncipe da Beira , 19.XI–3.XII.1967, G. R. Kloss leg. ( MZUSP) ; Goiás 2 ♂ 1 ♀, Jataí, Faz. Aceiro , X.1962, Exp. Dep. Zool. ( MZUSP) ; Minas Gerais 1 ♀, Viçosa , 06.V.1990, G. A. R. Melo leg. ( UFVB) ; 1 ♀, Campos Altos, Fazenda Heron Reges , 1023m, S19°53’17’’, W44°47’25’’, 13–15.XI.2005, Vic-tor, Evaldo, Lorena, Fiuza leg. ( UFVB) ; 1 ♀, Cambuquira, Lopes & Gomes leg. ( MNRJ) ; Rio de Janeiro 1 ♀, Glória [Rio de Janeiro], 20.XI.1949, J. C. Leite leg. ( FIOC) ; 1 ♂, Corcovado , Guanabara [Rio de Janeiro], X.1975, C. A. Campos leg. ( MNRJ) ; 1 ♂, Corcovado , 25.XI.1952, Zajciv leg. ( FIOC) , São Paulo 1 ♀, Barueri, 14.II.1955, V. Lenha leg. ( MNRJ) ; 1 ♀, Teodoro Sampaio, XIII.1973, F. H. Oliveira leg. ( AMNH) ; 1 ♀, Campinas, 07.XI.1976, M. R. Marques leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Barueri, 5.VI.1966, K. Lenko leg. ( MZUSP) ; 1 ♀, Campinas, 18.VI.1986 ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, São José dos Campos, XII.1934, H. S. Lopes leg. ( MNRJ) ; 2 ♀, São Paulo, Mráz leg. ( NMPC) ; Paraná 1 ♀, Bituruna, I.1946, Staviarski leg. ( MNRJ) ; 4 ♀ 2 ♂, Londrina, 02.II.1999, J.J. da Silva leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Ponta Grossa, XII.1938, Camargo leg. ( MZUSP) ; 1 ♂, Pinhão, Rio Bragança , 26.X.1991, R. P. Rocha leg. ( UFRG) ; Santa Catarina 1 ♂, Jaguaruna, 23.XI.2011, C. Perin leg. ( UFRG) ; 2 ♀, Maracajá, Pq. Ecológico , 19.IV.2006, T. Bertolin leg. ( UFRG) ; 7 ♀ 4 ♂, Maracajá, Pq. Ecológico , 27.IX.2005, T. Bertolin leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Seara [ Nova Teutônia ], 27°11’, 52°23’, 09.II.1937, L. Fritz Plaumann leg. ( MNRJ) ; 1 ♂, Seara [ Nova Teutônia ], XI.1966, F. Plaumann leg. ( MZSP) ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Seara [ Nova Teutônia ], 1.XII.1944, 26.X.1950 ( NMPC) ; 4 ♀ 4 ♂, Seara [ Nova Teutônia ], 27°11’, 52°23’, 01.XII.1959, L. Fritz Plaumann leg. ( AMNH) , 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Seara [ Nova Teutônia ], 27°11’, 52°23’, VII.1948, H. Ruckes leg. ( AMNH) ; Rio Grande do Sul 1 ♀, Santa Maria, 26.X.1979, R. Lúcia leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Santa Maria, 28.XI.1977, D. Link leg. ( UFRG) ; 3 ♂ 2 ♀, Santa Maria, 25.X.1979, Luiz F. Flores leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Santa Maria, 2.X.1986, H. Ritter leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Porto Alegre, 16.IX.1982, M. Becker leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♂, Porto Alegre, 20.VIII.1995, A. F. Silva leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Porto Alegre, Campus do Vale—UFRGS , 18.II.2017, R. Brugnera & P. Cremonese leg. ( UFRG) ; 2 ♀ 1 ♂, Porto Alegre, 30.III.1959 ( MAGP) ; 1 ♀, Porto Alegre, Campus do Vale—UFRGS , 18.II.2017, R. Brugnera leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♂, Porto Alegre, Belém Novo , 7.XI.1983, R. Hildebrand leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Porto Alegre, 09.X.1958, Hudepohl leg. ( NMPC) ; 1 ♂, Chapada, 17.XI.1986, J. L. Richter leg. ( UFRG) ; 2 ♂, Derrubadas, Pq. Flor. Est. Turvo , 22.XII.1982, S. Bonatto leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Lajeado, 11.X.1986, A. Siqueira leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Derrubadas, P. E. Do Turvo , Trilha Salto Yucumã , 19.IV.2004, J. L. C. Bernardes leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Derrubadas, P. E. do Turvo , S. Yucumã , 04.II.2009, Weiler, L. & Simões, F. leg. ( UFRG) ; 2 ♀, Novo Hamburgo, 15.IV.1988, C. J. Becker leg. ( UFRG) ; 2 ♀ 1 ♂, Campo Bom, 19–20.V.1986, C. J. Becker leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Maquiné, Gruta , 13.XII.2007, L. Moura leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Ijuí, 22.I.2003, F. L. Santos leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♀, Catuípe, 20.X.2003, F. L. Santos leg. ( UFRG) ; 2 ♀, Caxias do Sul, Vila Oliva , 16.I.1960 ( MAGP) ; 1 ♀, Taquari, 12.X.1986, C. Bayer leg. ( UFRG) ; Rio Grande, Est. Ecol. Taim , 02.IX.1986, A. Lise leg. [Col. MCN. 49208 ] ( MCNZ) ; 1 ♀, Triunfo, Parque Copesul , Trilha do Pórtico , 07.XII.2005, A. Barcellos leg. [Col. MCN 178627 ] ( MCNZ) ; 1 ♀, Tenente Portela, 17.I.1985, A. Lise leg. [Col. MCN 48438] ( MCNZ) ; 8 ♂ 12 ♀, São Domingos do Sul, 13.V.2017, R. Brugnera leg. ( UFRG) ; ECUADOR: Napo vic. Puerto Misahuali , lat 1°2’4.2’’S, lon 77°39’49.2’’W, 1650–1900 m, mercury vapor & ultraviolet lights, 6-19.IX.1998, J.E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 1 ♂, Coca , 250m, 03.IV.1982, G. Onore leg. [ 010938871 ] ( NHMUK) ; Pichincha 2 ♀, Tinalandia , 12 km east Sto. Domingo de Los Colorados, 2500 m, 11–17.V.1986, J. E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; PERU: Huánuco 1 ♂, Puente Cinchavito , 25 km south Tingo Maria, 3400 m, 11–17.IV.1987, J. E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 1 ♀, Tingo Maria, Tingo Maria National Park , 660 m, 11–17.IV.1987, J. E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 1 ♀, Cueva de las Pavas Canyon , 8 km south Tingo Maria, 2600 m, 11– 17.IV.1987, J. E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 1 ♂, Panguana , Rio Llullapichis , Rio Pachitea , S 9°37’, W 74°56’, 28.IX–06. X.2000, E.G. Burmeister, E. Diller, T. Kothe & W. Schlang leg. [Coll. #2016080471 ] ( EMG) ; 2 ♂, Forsch. Station “Panguana”, Rio Llullapichs , S 9°37’, W 74°56’, 260 m, 20.IX–05.X.2013, K. Arnold leg. [Coll. #2015040905 , 2015040801 ] ( EMG) ; 1 ♀, Tingo Maria, Roadside veg. Los Cuervos road, S. W. of town, 2000ft, 13.VIII.1971, P.S. & H. L. Broomfield B.M. 1971-486 [ 010938903 ] ( NHMUK) ; San Martín 2 ♀, Tarapoto vic. Cordillera Escalera Lodge , S 06°28’08.1’’, W 076°21’16.4’’, 432 m, mercury vapor & ultraviolet lights, 11–13.X.2002, J. E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 2 ♂ 2 ♀, 500 m, 8°25’, 76°25’, 2011, S. M. Delzo leg. ( UFRG) ; BOLIVIA: La Paz 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Guanay , X.1993, G. Arriagada leg. ( JEE) ; Santa Cruz 1 ♂, Buena Vista , Flora & Fauna Hotel , 26-27.X.2000, R. Morris leg. ( JEE) ; 3 ♂ 2 ♀, El Cairo, 5 km west Buena Vista, ultraviolet light, 16-18.X.2004, J.E. Eger leg. ( JEE) ; 2 ♀, Buena Vista, Flora & Fauna Hotel , 14-26.XI.2003, Morris, Nearns, & Wappes leg. ( JEE) ; El Beni 1 ♀, 15–20 km east Rur-renabaque, 13–19.X.2004, R.F. Morris & J.E. Wappes leg. ( JEE) ; Cochabamba 1 ♀ 1♂, Region Chaparé, 400 m, XI.1949, Dirings leg. ( MZUSP) ; PARAGUAY: Distrito Capital 1 ♂, Asunción, 11-30.X.1990, G. Arriagada leg. ( JEE) ; Caazapá 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Parque Nac. Caaguazu , 1-8.XII.1990, G. Arriagada leg. ( JEE) ; Paraguarí 1 ♂, Parque Nac. Ybycui , 16.XII.1990, G. Arriagada leg. ( JEE) ; Alto Paraná 2 ♀, 19–20.X.1989, G. Arriagada leg. ( JEE) ; 2 ♀, Reserva Biol. Tati Yupi. , 12–29.XI.1990, G. Arriagada leg. ( JEE) ; Central 1 ♀, Capiatá , 15.X.2006, C. Aguilar leg. ( JEE) ; Caaguazú 1 ♂, Repatriacion , 28.IX.2005, C. Aguilar leg. ( JEE) ; Guairá 1 ♀, Paso Yobai , 01.III. 1951, 280m, J. Foerster leg. [ 010938852 ] ( NHMUK) ; ARGENTINA: Corrientes 2 ♀ 2 ♂, S. Tomé, G. Pellerano leg. ( MACN) ; Misiones 1 ♀, Puerto Iguazú , XI.1945, Duret leg. ( UFRG) ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Eldorado , 02.X.1964, A. Kovacs leg. [ 00319660 , 00319666 ] ( AMNH) ; 1 ♀ 1 ♂, Victoria , 11.XI.1964, A. Kovacs leg. [ 00319662 , 00319663 ] ( AMNH) ; 1♂ 2 ♀, Mado Puerto , Magdalena , 11.III.1964, A. Kovacs leg. [ 00319664 , 00319665 , 00319666 ] ( AMNH) .

Diagnosis. Anterolateral margins of pronotum concolor with disc, crenulated; humeral angles acute and laterally produced, with a well-developed posterior tooth (frequently appearing a bifid humeral angle) ( Figs 7–8, 10–11, 13–14, 16–17 , 28–30 ). Head of paramere subtriangular in posterior view, mesial part of posterior margin slightly elevated, apex of paramere branches rounded ( Figs 35, 39 ); superior process of dorsal rim reniform, with globose dorsal sculpturing ( Fig 40 ); thecal shield longer and wider than basal theca; vesica grooved medially ( Figs 44–46 ). Capsula seminalis ellipsoid; proximal part of ductus receptaculi and vesicular area subequal in length; distal part of ductus receptaculi slightly longer than pars intermedialis and capsula seminalis combined; ring sclerites absent ( Figs 53–54 ).

Redescription. Body usually dark brown dorsally and brown or dark brown ventrally with dark brown punctures, females frequently almost black dorsally and ventrally ( Figs 7–8, 10–11, 13–14, 16–17 , 28–30 ). Head: longer than wide and densely dark brown punctured; mandibular plates and clypeus subequal in length; width of head across eyes longer than anterior width of pronotum; ocelli situated posteriorly to the eyes ( Fig. 30 ). First labial segment frequently paler than posterior segments; apex of labium reaching metacoxae; proportion of labial segments: I<II>III:IV ( Figs 8, 11, 14, 17 , 29 ). Antennae brown, anterior portion of IV segment usually pale yellow; proportion of antennal segments: I<II>III<IV>V. Thorax: Anterolateral margins of pronotum concolor with disc, crenulated; humeral angles acute and laterally produced, with a well-developed posterior tooth (frequently appearing a bifid humeral angle). Scutellum triangular, frenal portion longer than postfrenal portion. Corium longer than scutellum, reaching the anterior margin of abdominal segment VI; hemelytral membrane dark brown mesially, surpassing the apex of abdomen ( Figs 7, 10, 13, 16 , 28 ). Legs paler than body or dark brown. Peritreme disc-type, curved anteriorly; metapleural evaporatorium surrounding the peritreme, not reaching the lateral margin of pleura; mesopleural evaporatorium reaching the lateral margin of pleura. Abdomen: anterior and posterior portions of connexival segments dark brown with the mesial portion paler, or connexivum entirely dark brown; apex of connexival segments projected posteriorly. Abdominal tubercle reaching anterior margins of metacoxae. Male genitalia: pygophore cuplike; anterior opening oval; dorsal rim concave, with 1 + 1 projections; superior layer of ventral rim convex in posterior view and concave in ventral view, with 1 + 1 lateral projections; inferior layer of ventral rim concave, depressed medially; head of paramere subtriangular in posterior view, mesial part of posterior margin slightly elevated, apex of paramere branches rounded, ventral surface of the internal branch sculptured; superior process of dorsal rim reniform, with globose dorsal sculptures ( Figs 34–36, 39–40 ). Phallus with thecal shield longer and wider than basal theca; lobes of conjunctiva slightly sclerotized apically; vesica grooved medially ( Figs 44–46 ). Female genitalia: gonocoxites VIII as long as wide, sutural margins parallel and juxtaposed, posterior margins concave; laterotergites VIII triangular; gonocoxites IX rectangular, posterior margin slightly convex to rectilinear, lateral margins over the laterotergites IX; laterotergites IX longer than wide, rounded apically, surpassing the segment X, not reaching the posterior margin of laterotergites VIII; segment X subrectangular ( Figs 51–52 ). Internal genitalia with capsula seminalis ellipsoid, longer than pars intermedialis; anterior annular flange laterally projected; posterior annular placed slightly before base of capsula seminalis; distal part of ductus receptaculi slightly longer than pars intermedialis and capsula seminalis combined; proximal part of ductus receptaculi and vesicular area equally long; ring sclerites absent; 1+1 secondary thickenings of gonapophyses IX very close to the thickening of vaginal intima, reniform; thickening of vaginal intima with anterior region cylindrical and posterior region tube-like ( Figs 53–54 ).

Measurements. Males: (n=10). Head length: 2.04 ± 0.09 (1.92–2.24), width: 2.32 ± 0.10 (2.11–2.43); pronotum length: 2.64 ± 0.17 (2.35–2.86), width: 6.77 ± 0.50 (5.98–7.52); scutellum length: 3.79 ± 0.31 (3.21–4.10), width: 3.38 ± 0.21 (3.00–3.65); length of antennal segments: I 0.31 ± 0.04 (0.25–0.38), II 1.63 ± 0.10 (1.47–1.79), III 1.17 ± 0.16 (0.85–1.34), IV 1.59 ± 0.13 (1.37–1.72); V 1.27 ± 0.11 (1.08–1.45); length of labial segments: I 1.11 ± 0.09 (1.00–1.24), II 1.43 ± 0.11 (1.22–1.56), III 1.10 ± 0.05 (1.00–1.18), IV 1.05 ± 0.05 (0.95–1.12); length of abdomen: 4.86 ± 0.37 (4.22–5.20), width: 5.16 ± 0.36 (4.53–5.60); total length: 10.66 ± 0.61 (9.50–11.31). Females: (n=10). Head length: 2.20 ± 0.09 (2.01–2.32), width: 2.43 ± 0.06 (2.33–2.52); pronotum length: 2.94 ± 0.20 (2.55–3.12), width: 7.35 ± 0.38 (6.56–7.92); scutellum length: 4.36 ± 0.25 (3.92–4.72), width: 3.88 ± 0.19 (3.50–4.16); length of antennal segments: I 0.33 ± 0.06 (0.20–0.41), II 1.78 ± 0.09 (1.68–1.95), III 1.17 ± 0.16 (0.84–1.32), IV 1.64 ± 0.11 (1.44–1.80); V 1.31 ± 0.05 (1.28–1.40); length of labial segments: I 1.20 ± 0.05 (1.12–1.24), II 1.52 ± 0.07 (1.40–1.60), III 1.20 ± 0.07 (1.12–1.28), IV 1.08 ± 0.05 (1.02–1.15); length of abdomen: 6.04 ± 0.41 (5.20–6.64), width: 6.18 ± 0.42 (5.60–6.80); total length: 11.66 ± 0.60 (10.70–12.30).

Distribution. Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca), Honduras, Panama, Colombia (Putumayo, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, Meta, Valle del Cauca, Caldas, Tolima), Venezuela (Miranda, Yaracuy, Mérida, Zulia Kasmera), French Guiana (Kourou, Saül), Brazil (Pará, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), Ecuador (Pichincha, Napo, Galápagos), Peru (San Martín, Huánuco), Bolivia (Pando, El Beni, La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz), Paraguay (Central, Caaguazú, Distrito Capital, Alto Paraná, Caazapá, Paraguarí, Guairá), Argentina (Buenos Aires, Misiones, Tucumán, Corrientes) ( Fig. 55 ).

Comments. For the determination of the species and to conclude that P. fuscescens and P. sagitta are not synonyms, the type of Arma monospila Walker, 1862 (= Podisus sagitta ) ( Figs 22–24 , female, deposited in NHMUK) was examined. The main differences between P. sagitta and P. fuscescens rev. stat. are: labial segment IV contrastingly darker than the preceding (last three segments darker than segment I in P. fuscescens ), anterolateral margins of pronotum paler than disc (concolor in P. fuscescens ), humeral angles acute and strongly produced forward (laterally produced in P. fuscescens ), ventral surface pale yellow (brown or dark brown in P. fuscescens ), posterior margins of gonocoxites VIII sinuous (concave in P. fuscescens ), head of parameres with two branches ( Thomas 1992: Fig. 86) (subtriangular in P. fuscescens , Fig. 39 ), superior processes of dorsal rim subrectangular (reniform in P. fuscescens ). The shape of the paramere’s head in P. fuscescens is unique among Podisus species, lacking the concavity on the mesial part of the posterior margin (not forming two branches), being an important characteristic for the species identification.

Figures

FIGURES 1–24. Type specimens examined in ventral and dorsal views, with their respectives labels. 1–3, Telepta distincta; 4–6, Arma submarginata; 7–9, Arma fuscescens; 10–12, Arma caliginosa; 13–15, Arma turbida; 16–18 Podisus mellipes; 19–21 Arma ventralis; 22–24 Arma monospila. 1–3, Photographed by Gunvi Lindberg (© 2019 Naturhistoriska riksmuseet); 16–18, Photographed by Laurent Fauvre (© 2019 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle); original photos cropped, light levels and contrast adjusted. Scale bars: 4 mm.

FIGURES 25–30. Habitus of Podisus distinctus (25–27) and Podisus fuscescens (28–30). Dorsal (25, 28), ventral (26, 29) and head + pronotum (27, 30) views. Scale bars: 2 mm.

FIGURES 31–40. Pygophore, paramere and superior process of dorsal rim of Podisus distinctus (31–33, 37–38) and of Podisus fuscescens (34–36, 39–40). Pygophore in dorsal (31, 34), posterior (32, 35) and ventral (33, 36) views. Paramere (37, 39). Superior process of dorsal rim (38, 40). Abbreviations: ao = anterior opening; dr = dorsal rim; ib = inner branch; par = paramere; slvr = superior layer of ventral rim; ilvr = inferior layer of ventral rim; spdr = superior process of dorsal rim. Scale bars: 31–36= 0,2 mm; 37–40 = 0,1 mm.

FIGURES 41–46. Phallus of Podisus distinctus (41–43) and of Podisus fuscescens (44–46). Dorsal (41, 44), lateral (42, 45) and ventral (43, 46) views. Abbreviations: ac = apical conjunctiva; bt = basal theca; lc = lobes of conjunctiva; sg = secondary gonophore; ts = thecal shield; v = vesica. Scale bars: 0,1 mm.

FIGURES 47–54. Female genitalia of Podisus distinctus (47–50) and of Podisus fuscescens (51–54). Genital plates in posterior view (47–48, 51–52). Internal genitalia (49–50, 53–54). Abbreviations: aaf = anterior annular flange; cs = capsula seminalis; dpdr = distal part of ductus receptaculi; gcVIII = gonocoxites 8; gcIX = gonocoxites 9; laVIII = laterotergites 8; laIX = laterotergites 9; paf = posterior annular flange; pi = pars intermedialis; ppdr = proximal part of ductus receptaculi; rs = ring sclerites; st = secondary thickening of gonapophyses IX; tvi = thickening of vaginal intima; va = vesicular area; X = 10th abdominal segment. Scale bars: 47–48, 51–52 = 1 mm; 49–50, 53–54 = 0,1mm.

FIGURES 55–56. Geographic distribution of Podisus fuscescens (55, yellow spots) and of Podisus distinctus (56, orange spots).