Dermestocyphon Pic, 1918

Ruta, Rafał, Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki & Klausnitzer, Bernhard, 2013, Review of the genus Dermestocyphon (Coleoptera: Scirtidae: Scirtinae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1), pp. 253-285 : 255-256

Dermestocyphon Pic, 1918

Dermestocyphon Pic, 1918: 18 (subgenus of Cyphon Paykull, 1799 , type species: Cyphon drianti Pic,1918 (subsequent designation by SASAGAWA (1985)).

Diagnosis. Body oval to oblong ( Figs 1–17 ); coloration yellowish-brown to black, dorsum often with colour pattern, very variable in some species. Head and pronotum covered with subtle, granulate punctures; elytra with normal punctation. Antennomere I cylindrical, antennomere II globular to cylindrical, remaining antennomeres more or less conical; segment III of labial palpi arising from the lateral ( Fig. 20 ) or terminal ( Figs 23, 26 ) part of segment II; mandibles ( Figs 18, 21, 24 ) symmetrical, simply pointed at apices. Hind wing ( Figs 27–29 ) with long MP 4 connected with CuA + AA 1+ 2 in median portion (form 2 sensu YOSHITOMI 2005). Mesoventral process long and narrow, subparallel-sided, bilobed at apex in Himacyphon subgen. nov. and Oreocyphon . Apodemes of male tergite VII small, not protruding; apodemes of male tergite VIII connected with a transverse rod-like structure in basal portion of plate (e.g., Fig. 60 ); tegmen small, U-shaped, with long lateral rod-like projections (e.g., Fig. 61 ); penis elongate, with well developed trigonium and elongate, sometimes apically widening parameroids (e.g., Fig. 62 ). Female: excitators on the elytra ( Figs 10, 13, 15–17 , 44–51 , 111–115 ) either only in apical portion or both in apical and humeral portions of elytra (excitators at outer margin of humeral region of elytra are found among Scirtidae only in Dermestocyphon ); ovipositor in some species with a relatively well sclerotized proctiger, which is composed of paired thumb-like projections; baculus simple, long, without branchlet ( Figs 52, 54, 56 ); in Himacyphon subgen. nov. and Oreocyphon sternite VII with a membranous flap ( Figs 32–33, 35–36 ) having species-specific morphology; bursella with proximal ( Himacyphon subgen. nov.), distal ( Oreocyphon ) or both proximal and distal sclerites ( Dermestocyphon s. str.).

Remarks. The synapomorphies of Dermestocyphon are as follows: 1) hind wing morphology (MP 4 connected with median portion of CuA + AA 1+2 at right angle; radial cell subtriangular, proximal portion of RA3+4 joining RA1+2 at right angle); 2) bauplan of male genitalia (small tegmen with elongate lateral rods, penis with elongate trigonium and well developed parameroids).

Dermestocyphon has a relatively uniform morphology of the male genitalia, but several other features vary remarkably, allowing a distinction of three subgenera:

1. Segment III of labial palpi arising from the side of segment II ( Fig. 20 ); body elongate (TL/EW 1.9–2.2), sides subtly curved to subparallel ( Figs 1–6 ); mesoventral process narrow, tempered at apex; elytra of females with humeral excitators, rarely also with apical excitator ( Figs 44–51 ); bursella with tricornate proximal sclerite and two small oval distal sclerites ( Figs 53, 55, 57 ). .......................................................... Dermestocyphon s. str.

– Segment III of labial palpi arising from the apex of segment II ( Figs 23, 26 ); body oval to oblong oval; elytra of females with adscutellar or apical excitators (present in all species with known females); bursella either with tricornate proximal sclerite or with 4 distal sclerites. .......................................................................................................................... 2

2. Body oval (TL/EW 1.3–1.5, Figs 7–9, 11–13 ); mesoventral process moderately narrow, distinctly bilobed at apex; elytra of females with apical excitators ( Figs 10, 13 ; uncertain if in all species); bursella with 4 sclerites in distal portion ( Fig. 85 ). ............................... .......................................................................................... Oreocyphon Klausnitzer, 2009

– Body oblong oval (TL/EW 1.6–1.8, Figs 14–16 ); mesoventral process narrow, subtly bilobed at apex; elytra of females with fungiform adscutellar excitators ( Figs 15, 16 ) and microreticulated areas in basal portion of elytra ( Figs 17 , 111, 115 ; in some species also in lateral and apical portions of elytra); bursella with tricornate proximal sclerite ( Figs 110 , 118 ). .............................................................................. Himacyphon subgen. nov.

Figures

Figs 1–6. Habitus of Dermestocyphon (Dermestocyphon): 1 – D. apiciconcavus sp. nov., holotype, male; 2 – ditto, paratype, female; 3 – D. drianti (Pic, 1918), holotype, male and labels; 4 – ditto, female; 5 – D. suturalis sp. nov., paratype, male; 6 – ditto, female. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

Figs 7–17. Habitus of Dermestocyphon (Oreocyphon) (7–13) and Dermestocyphon (Himacyphon subgen. nov.) (14-17): 7 – D. brancuccii sp. nov., holotype; 8 – D. honorus (Klausnitzer, 1980), male; 9 – ditto, female; 10 – ditto, apex of elytra; 11 – D. niisatoi sp. nov., paratype; 12 – D. thailandicus sp. nov., holotype, male; 13 – D. umbratilis, (Klausnitzer, 1976), female; 14 – D. optatus (Klausnitzer, 1980), male; 15 – ditto, female; 16 – D. sp., female; 17 – ditto, frontal view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (7–9, 11–16).

Figs 18–26. Mouthparts of Dermestocyphon (males); 18, 21, 24 – mandible; 19, 22, 25 – maxilla; 20, 23, 26 – labium: 18–20 – D. drianti (Pic, 1918); 21–23 – D. optatus (Klausnitzer, 1980); 24–26 – D. niisatoi sp. nov.

Figs 27–29. Hind wing: 27 – D. drianti (Pic, 1918); 28 – D. optatus (Klausnitzer, 1980); 29 – D. niisatoi sp. nov.

Figs 59–62. Dermestocyphon (Dermestocyphon) apiciconcavus sp. nov., holotype, male genitalia: 59 – sternite IX; 60 – tergite VIII; 61 – tegmen with lateral projections; 62 – penis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Figs. 44–51. Excitators of females of D. apiciconcavus sp. nov. (44–47), D. drianti (Pic, 1918) (48–49), and D. suturalis sp. nov. (50–51): 44, 46, 48–51 – Humeral area in lateral view; 45, 47 – apex of elytra in lateral (45) and caudal (47) view.

Figs 111–115.Dermestocyphon (Himacyphon) sp., female:111 – left elytron, light micrphotography:A, B – fungiform excitators, C, D, E – microreticulated patches; 112 – adscutellar excitator (A), close-up, light microphotography; 113 – apical excitator (B), close-up, light microphotography; 114 – lateral microreticulated patch (D), close-up, light microphotography; 115 – dorsolateral view.

Figs 52–58. Dermestocyphon (Dermestocyphon) spp., female genitalia: ovipositor (52, 54, 56), bursella (53, 55, 57), and distal bursellar sclerite (58): 52–53 – D. apiciconcavus sp. nov.; 54–55 – D. drianti (Pic, 1918); 56–58 – D. suturalis sp. nov.

Figs 30–37. Last visible sternite (30, 32, 35), membranous flap (33, 36) and tergite VII (31, 34, 37) of female: 30–31 – D. suturalis sp. nov.; 32–34 – D. honorus (Klausnitzer, 1980); 35–37 – D. optatus (Klausnitzer, 1980).

Figs 84–85. Dermestocyphon (Oreocyphon) honorus (Klausnitzer, 1980), female genitalia: 84 – genital tract; 85 – bursellar sclerite.

Figs 107–110.Dermestocyphon (Himacyphon) optatus (Klausnitzer, 1980), female:107 – sternite VIII; 108 – tergite VIII; 109 – ovipositor; 110 – bursal sclerite. Scale bar = 0.5 mm (107–108).

Figs 116–120. Dermestocyphon (Himacyphon) sp., female: 116 – sternite and tergite VII; 117 – female genital tract; 118 – bursella with proximal bursellar sclerite; 119 – priximal bursellar sclerite, lateral view; 120 – bursella, close-up. Scale bar = 0.5 (117).