Lonchophylla peracchii, Dias, Esberard & Moratelli, 2013

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 444-583 : 532

100.

Peracchi’s Nectar Bat

Lonchophylla peracchii

French: Lonchophylle de Peracchi / German: Peracchi-Nektarfledermaus / Spanish: Loncéfilo de Peracchi

Taxonomy. Lonchophylla peracchii Dias, Esbérard & Moratelli, 2013 ,

“Near Vila do Abraao (ca. 23°07’ S, 44°10’ W), Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.”

This species is monotypic.

Distribution. NE & SE Brazil, Atlantic Forest biome In the states of Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and probably Espirito Santo.

Descriptive notes. Forearm 34-5-36-9 mm.

No other specific measurements are available. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat is medium-sized, with brown and silky long dorsal fur and pale brownish ventral fur. Contrast between dorsal and ventral pelage is not pronounced. Hairs have medium brown bases and pale brown tips, often subtle to distinguish. Wing membranes are brown and overall naked, but proximal part of dorsal surface of forearm is covered with fur. Snout is elongated and narrow, and dentition is reduced. Spear of lancet of noseleaf is relatively large for a species of Lonchophylla and has indistinct central rib. Posterior margin of horseshoe of noseleaf is continuous with lowerlip. Tragusis rounded attip, and uropatagium is short. Skull is elongated, and nasals and supraorbital and postorbital areas are smooth and not inflated. Mesopterygoid fossa is long, pterygoid processes are narrow, and basisphenoid pits are shallow. Zygomatic arches are absent, and coronoid processes of lowerjaw are low, with rounded tips. I' are large, spatulated, procumbent, and separated from I* by diastemata. I? are small and pointed. Conspicuous grooveis present on anterior surface of C'. Upper premolars are triangular. P* is narrow, with reduced inner lobe and lingual root posteriorly displaced. Mesostyles, metastyles of M' and M?, and parastyle of M' are all poorly developed or absent. Reduced parastyle of M'is oriented laterally. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 28 and FN = 50, and autosomes are composed of twelve pairs of metacentric or submetacentric autosomes and a small pair of acrocentric autosomes. X-chromosome is metacentric, and Y-chromosome is acrocentric.

Habitat. Evergreen and semideciduous forests in south-eastern lowlands and coastal highlands of Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including an island close to the continent ( Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro State), from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 900 m in Serra dos Orgaos National Park, coastal Rio de Janeiro State.

Food and Feeding. Skull and dentition morphology indicate that Peracchi’s Nectar Bat 1s a nectarfeeder. In Picinguaba, Sao Paulo State, a male was captured close to several banana ( Musa , Musaceae ) trees. Other individuals were also captured close to flowering banana trees, and two individuals were netted close to the tree Bauhinia forficata ( Fabaceae ). A male collected in Picinguaba, Sao Paulo State, had pollen grains on its pelage.

Breeding. No information.

Activity patterns. Peracchi’s Nectar Bats were captured using ground-level mist nets set in clearings, borders, and forests, with in some close to flowering trees (M. paradisiaca and B. forficata).

Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat has been recorded mostly in protected areas of Atlantic Forest (e.g. Serra do Mar State Park, 1353 km?® of Atlantic Forest), a biome that is highly threatened in Brazil and one of the most threatened of the world.

Bibliography. Almeida, B. et al. (2016), Dias et al. (2013, 2016), Myers, N. et al. (2000), Novaes et al. (2010), Pimenta et al. (2010), Teixeira et al. (2013).

Figures

83. Cadena’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris cadenai), 84. Dashe’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris dashe), 85. Patton’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris pationi), 86. Thomas's Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris thomasi), 87. Chestnut Long-tongued Bat (Lionycteris spurrelli), 88. Brazilian Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla mordax), 89. Chocoan Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla chocoana), 90. Goldman's Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla concava), 91. Pacific Forest Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla fornicata), 92. Orces’s Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla orcesi), 93. Western Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla hesperia), 94. Eastern Cordilleran Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla orienticollina), 95. Handley’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla handleyi), 96. Orange Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla robusta), 97. Dekeyser’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri), 98. Pale-bellied Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla inexpectata), 99. Bokermann’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla bokermanni), 100. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla peracchii), 101. Long-snouted Bat (Platalina genovensium), 102. Vieira’s Long-tongued Bat (Xeronycleris vierrai)

Distribution. NE & SE Brazil , Atlantic Forest biome In the states of Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and probably Espirito Santo.