Carollia subrufa (Hahn, 1905)

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 444-583 : 535-536

105.

Gray Short-tailed Bat

Carollia subrufa

French: Carollia de Hahn / German: Hahn-Kurzschwanzblattnase / Spanish: Carolia de Hahn

Other common names: Hahn's Short-tailed Bat

Taxonomy. Hemiderma subrufum Hahn, 1905 ,

“Santa Ifigenia [= Santa Efigenia], Oaxaca, Mexico.”

This species is monotypic.

Distribution. Pacific slope from Jalisco (W Mexico) to NW Costa Rica.

Descriptive notes. Head-body 56-78 mm, tail 5—15 mm, ear 12-19 mm, hindfoot 10-15 mm, forearm 34-40 mm; weight 18 g. The Gray Short-tailed Bat is intermediate in size between the Chestnut Short-tailed Bat ( C. castanea ) and Seba’s Short-tailed Bat ( C. perspicillata ). It has three dorsal bands, with short gray hair, but basal and intermediate bands are not clearly distinguished. Fur between shoulders is red-brown to dark brown. Forearms are generally hairless. Rostrum is short, and lower lip has central papillae surrounded by smaller warts in a V-shape. Skull is robust, and zygomatic arches are incomplete. Over the palate, half of the tooth row is divergent, and I, are clearly visible in the jaw.

Habitat. Dry, evergreen, pine-oak primary forests and also cultivated areas and secondary woodlands from sea level to elevations of ¢. 1200 m. In Costa Rica, the Gray Shorttailed Bat has been found in lowland dry forests. In El Salvador, it has been found in hollow Ceiba pentandra ( Malvaceae ).

Food and Feeding. The Gray Short-tailed Bat is mainly frugivorous and nectarivorous, and it occasionally eats insects. It is reported to prefer fruits of Brosimum alicastrum ( Moraceae ), Cecropia peltate ( Urticaceae ), Ficus morazaniana and FE ovalis ( Moraceae ), Muntingia calabura ( Muntingiaceae ), Piper amalago and P. pseudofuligineum ( Piperaceae ), Mastichodendron sp. ( Sapotaceae ), and Vismia baccifera ( Hypericaceae ).

Breeding. The Gray Short-tailed Bat seems to have a bimodal polyestrous reproductive cycle. Pregnant females were found in December—March andJuly—October. It is monotocous (one young at a time). In El Salvador, juveniles have been reported in April, September, and October, and males with scrotal testes in January, March, August, and December. In Mexico, pregnant females have been reported in May.

Activity patterns. The Gray Short-tailed Bat becomes active at the beginning of the night. It roosts in caves, hollow trees, and human structures.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Gray Short-tailed Bat is considered gregarious and shares roosts with Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat ( Glossophaga soricina ) and the Long-legged Bat ( Macrophyllum macrophyllum ). Gray Short-tailed Bats are not present in caves with Seba’s Short-tailed Bats.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust.

Bibliography. Bonaccorso & Gush (1987), Hahn (1905), LaVal & Rodriguez-Herrera (2002), Miller et al. (2015a), Ortega et al. (2008), Pine (1972), Starrett & de la Torre (1964), Tellez (2014b).

Figures

103. Ben Keith's Short-tailed Bat (Carollia benkeithi), 104. Chestnut Short-tailed Bat (Carollia castanea), 105. Gray Short-tailed Bat (Carollia subrufa), 106. Manu Short-tailed Bat (Carolia manu), 107. Sowell’s Short-tailed Bat (Carollia sowelli), 108. Silky Short-tailed Bat (Carollia brevicaudum), 109. Hernandez’s Short-tailed Bat (Carollia monohernandez), 110. Seba’s Short-tailed Bat (Carollia perspicillata), 111. Behn' ’ s Big-eared Bat (Glyphonycteris behnii), 112. Davies’s Big-eared Bat (Glyphonycteris daviesi), 113. Tricolored Big-eared Bat (Glyphonycteris sylvestris), 114. Niceforo’s Big-eared Bat (Trinycteris nicefori), 115. Least Big-eared Bat (Neonycteris pusilla), 116. Hairy Little Fruit Bat (Rhinmophylla alethina), 117. Fischer's Little Fruit Bat (Rhinophylla fischerae), 118. Dwarf Little Fruit Bat (Rhinophylla pumilio)

Distribution. Pacific slope from Jalisco (W Mexico ) to NW Costa Rica .