Platyrrhinus umbratus (Lyon, 1902)

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 444-583 : 568

183.

Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat

Platyrrhinus umbratus

French: Sténoderme ombré / German: Schatten-Breitnasenfledermaus / Spanish: Platirrino sombreado

Taxonomy. Vampyrops wumbratus Lyon, 1902 ,

“San Miguel [La Guajira], Colombia.”

Most authors treated P. umbratus as a junior synonym of P. dorsalis , and a few as a valid species including P. aquilus and P. oratus as junior synonyms. Nevertheless, using direct examination of type material and comparisons with similar species of Platyrrhinus, P. M. Velazco and A. L. Gardner in 2009 confirmed it as a distinct species. In a recent analysis of ecological aspects, P. umbratus was found to be conspecific with P. nigellus (until then, treated a valid species). Therefore, P. umbratus must be considered as the valid name, and oratus by O. Thomas in 1914 (northern Venezuela) and nigellus by A. L. Gardner and D. C. Carter in 1972 (central Peru) are junior synonyms. Monotypic.

Distribution. In its updated definition, known from N Colombia and N & W Venezuela, S through Ecuador and Peru to C Bolivia.

Descriptive notes. Head-body 60-74 mm (tailless), ear 16-21 mm, hindfoot 10-15 mm, forearm 40-48 mm; weight 19-30 g. The Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat is medium-sized, similar in size to the White-lined Broad-nosed Bat ( P. lineatus ), and slightly smaller than the Quechuan Broad-nosed Bat ( P. masu ). Dorsal and ventral fur is pale brown to blackish. Dorsal hairs are long (greater than 8 mm), and dorsal and ventral hairs are tricolored. Head is delicate, snout is short and broad, and facial stripes are well marked but dusky. Dorsal stripe is conspicuous but narrow. Folds on ears are well marked. Insertion of posterior edge of plagiopatagium occurs on first metatarsal, and third metacarpal is shorter than fifth. Proximal one-half of forearm is covered with long hairs. Caudal membrane is very short in middle (2-3 mm), and distal margin is U-shaped, with a dense fringe of long buffy hairs. Dense and long hair occurs on dorsum of feet. I' are unilobed, converging, in contact at tips, and twice as long as I>. P* has two stylar cusps on its posterior face. M' metastyle is present, but lacking parastyle and possessing moderately to well-developed protocone; lingual face of M? lacks stylar cuspules. Anterior and posterior cristids of P, lack stylid cuspulids. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FN = 56. X-chromosomeis subtelocentric, and Y-chromosome is acrocentric.

Habitat. Tropical pre-montane and montane humid forests of Andean slopes, disturbed forests, and edge forests at elevations of 400-3150 m.

Food and Feeding. There is no specific information available for the Shadowy Broadnosed Bat, but similar to many other broad-nosed bats, it must feed heavily on fruits.

Breeding. A pregnant Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat was caughtin July in eastern Peru.

Activity patterns. The Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat is nocturnal.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. The Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat lacks current information on its ecology and potential threats. By including the geographical extension and data from nigellus , assessed as a separate species and classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List, actualstatus of the Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat has changed and requires a reevaluation.

Bibliography. Alberico (1990), Gardner (1977a, 2008c), Gardner & Carter (1972a), Sanborn (1955), Simmons (2005), Thomas (19144), Velazco (2005), Velazco & Gardner (2009), Velazco & Patterson (2008), Velazco & Solari (2003), Velazco et al. (2018).

Figures

165. White-lined Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus lineatus), 166. Short-headed Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhainus brachycephalus), 167. Heller's Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus helleri), 168. Matapalo Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus matapalensis), 169. Recife Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus recifinus), 170. Guianan Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus guianensis), 171. Incan Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus incarum), 172. Slender Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus angustirostris), 173. Brown-bellied Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrriunus fuscrventris), 174. Alberico’s Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus albericoi), 175. Greater Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus vittatus), 176. Choco Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus chocoensis), 177. Thomas’s Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus dorsalis), 178. Bufty Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus infuscus), 179. Darien Broad-nosed Bat (Platyriunus aquilus), 180. Eldorado Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus aurarius), 181. Ismael’s Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus ismaeli), 182. Quechuan Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus masu), 183. Shadowy Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus umbratus), 184. Western Broad-nosed Bat (Platyrrhinus nitelinea), 185. Velvety Fruit-eating Bat (Enchisthenes hart), 186. Honduran White Bat (Ectophylla alba)

Distribution. In its updated definition, known from N Colombia and N & W Venezuela , S through Ecuador and Peru to C Bolivia .